Solute contributes to the movement of water between cells and the surrounding medium by ________.
Osmotic pressure
A cation has a _ charge
positive
Interstitial fluid (IF) is _
the fluid that bathes all of the body’s cells except for blood cells
The largest amount of water comes into the body via _
liquids
The largest amount of water leaves the body via
urine
Insensible water loss is water lost via
skin evaporation and in air from the lungs
How soon after drinking a large glass of water will a person start increasing their urine output?
30 minutes
Bone serves as a mineral reserve for which two ions?
Calcium and phosphate
Electrolytes are lost mostly through _
sweating
Major cation in extracellular fluid is_
sodium
The major cation in intracellular fluid is
potassium
The major anion in extracellular fluid is _
chloride
Most of the body´s calcium is found in _
bone
Abnormally increased blood levels of sodium are termed _
hypernatremia
the ion with the lowest blood level is _
potassium
Which two ions are most affected by aldosterone
sodium and phosphate
Which of the following is the most important buffer inside red blood cells?
hemoglobin
Which explanation best describes why plasma proteins can function as buffers?
proteins have both positive and negative charges on their surface
the buffer that is adjusted to control acid - base balance is _
bicarbonate : carbonic acid buffer
Carbonic acid levels are controlled through the _
Respiratory system
Bicarbonate ion concentrations in the blood are controlled through the _
Respiratory system / renal system
Which reaction is catalyzed by carbonic anyhydrase
CO2 + H2O↔H2CO3CO2 + H2O↔H2CO3
WHich of the following is a cause of metabolic acidosis?
Prolonged use of diuretics
Which of the following is a cause of respiratory acidosis
Increased blood ketones
