1
Q
When did Alexander II reduce censorship
Alex II
A
1865
2
Q
When were Zemstva created
Alex II
A
1864
3
Q
What was the slogan used by Tsars
A
“Orthodoxy, Autocracy and Nationality”
4
Q
Why did Alexander III reverse the liberal reforms
Alex III
A
Alexander II was assasinated
5
Q
When were land captains introduced
Alex III
A
1889
6
Q
Where did Zemstva remove power from and who did they hand it to?
Alex II
A
Removed power from the Tsar and handed it to the people
7
Q
What did land captains do?
Alex III
A
Assert authority over Zemstva
8
Q
What was reversal of Alexander II’s reforms called
Alex III
A
“Reaction”
9
Q
When were Okhrana given more powers under Alexander III
Alex III
A
1881
10
Q
What forced the October Manifesto
Nicholas
A
The Russo-Japanese War
11
Q
When was the October manifesto
Nicholas
A
1905
12
Q
When were the Fundamental laws
Nicholas
A
1906
13
Q
What law stated that “supreme autocratic power belongs to the emperor of Russia” in the fundamental laws
Nicholas
A
Law 5
14
Q
What did the the fundamental laws make the Duma?
Nicholas
A
A talking shop
15
Q
What did Marx argue that the end result of communism was?
Lenin
A
“Dictatorship of the proletariat”
16
Q
Why did Lenin not allow a “dictatorship of the proletariat”?
Lenin
A
workers wouldn’t know how to run the country
17
Q
What did Marxism-Leninism argue
Lenin
A
Bolsheviks rule on behalf of workers
18
Q
What did Marxism-Leninism-Stalinism argue
Stalin
A
Cult of personality
19
Q
What type of economy did Stalin introduce
Stalin
A
Command Economy
20
Q
What was a command economy totally controlled by
Stalin
A
the state
21
Q
When was there collective leadership in the USSR
Khrush
A
1953-55
22
Q
When was the Secret Speech
Khrush
A
February 1956
23
Q
What did Khrushchev close
Khrush
A
prison camps
24
Q
What policy did Khrushchev pursue after the secret speech
Khrush
A
De-Stalinisation
25
What rebellion did Khrushchev crush?
| Khrush
Hungarian Uprising 1956
26
What were the three sections of the Personal Chancellery of his Imperial Majesty under Alexander II
| Alex II
* Personal secretariat
* Legal advisors
* Secret police
27
What was the secret police called under Alexander II
| Alex II
The Third section
28
When was the personal chancellery replaced with a council of ministers
| Alex II
1861
29
Who chaired the council of ministers
| Alex II
the Tsar
30
what was the main role of the council of ministers
| Alex II
to discuss draft laws
31
What advice did the Imperial Council of State give to the Tsar
| Alex II
Financial and legal
32
What was the senate?
| Alex II
Supreme court of Russia
33
When was the Committee of Ministers established
| Alex II
1861
34
What was the role of the Committee of Ministers
| Alex II
Ministers in charge of departments
35
What is an example of a minister role in the Committee of Ministers
| Alex II
Horse-Breeding
36
When did Alexander III abolish the council of ministers
| Alex III
1882
37
What was the October manifesto's government based on
| Nicholas
UK's constitutional monarchy
38
What power did the fundamental laws give the Tsar over the Duma
| Nicholas
Disband the Duma
39
What did the Council of Ministers provide
| Nicholas
Material for the Duma
40
What did the Fundamental laws allow the Tsar to decide if the Duma wasn't sitting
| Nicholas
Laws made
41
What could the Duma not do?
| Nicholas
Pass laws
42
What could the Duma oppose?
| Nicholas
legislation
43
Which years did the Tsar disband the Duma in
| Nicholas
1906, 1907, 1917
44
What was Lenin's governing body called?
The All-Russian Congress of Soviets
45
What part of the Central Committee was responsible for policy
| Lenin
Politburo
46
What part of the Central Committee was responsible for party affairs
| Lenin
Orgburo
47
What part of the Central Committee was responsible for secret police
| Lenin
Ogburo
48
What did the Sovnarkom consist of
| Lenin
People's Commissars
49
Who was the chairman of Sovnarkom
| Lenin
Lenin
50
What was the secret police called under Lenin
| Lenin
Cheka
51
Who elected the members of the Sovnarkom
| Lenin
Soviets
| (as in the councils)
52
What gave more rights to nationalities
| Lenin
1924 constitution
53
What created the Supreme Soviet
| Stalin
1936 constitution
54
Who did the Supreme Soviet elect
| Stalin
Sovnarkom
55
How many times did the Supreme Soviet meet per year
| Stalin
Twice
56
How often was the Soviet of the Union elected
| Stalin
4 years
57
What made the communist party the "nucleus" of the USSR
| Stalin
Article 126
58
Who joined the USSR between 1939-40
| Stalin
Baltics + Moldova
59
What were the Zemstva
| Alex II
Regional councils
60
Where did the Zemstva exclusively exist
| Alex II
Great Russia
| (ethnic Russia)
61
How much of the Zemstva consisted of nobles
| Alex II
74%
62
What was the requirement for being elected to the Zemstva
| Alex II
certain amount of property
63
When was the Duma created
| Alex II
1870
64
Who was prohibited from sitting on the Duma
| Alex II
urban proletariat
65
Who was the Zemstva made up of
| Alex II
Middle class professionals: lawyers, doctors, teachers
66
What did Lenin set up to run local affairs
| Lenin
Soviets
67
What was the third section replaced with
| Alexander II
Okhrana
68
When was the Okhrana created
| Alex II
1880
69
How many attempts were there on Alexander II's life
| Alex II
5
70
How many were killed by a bomb at the winter palace in 1880
| Alex II
11
71
When was Alexander II assasinated
| Alex II
1881
72
What change did Alexander III make to the Okhrana
| Alex III
Power to infiltrate dissident groups
73
When was the people's will disbanded
| Alex III
1884
74
When did the Okhrana uncover a plot to assasinate Alexander III
| Alex III
1887
75
How many were executed after a plot to assasinate Alexander III was found
| Alex III
5
76
How many were murdered by dissidents between 1905-1907
| Nicholas
3,000
77
When was Stolypin assasinated
| Nicholas
1911
78
When was Grand Duke Sergei assasinated
| Nicholas
1905
79
What power were the Okhrana given in 1905
| Nicholas
execute without trial
80
When were the Okhrana abolished
| PG
1917
81
Was there a secret police force under the provisional government
| PG
no
82
What arrested people undermining the war effort
| PG
Counter Espionage Burea of the Petrograd Military District
83
What was the Red Terror
| Lenin
Enforcement of war communism
84
How many did the Cheka execute per year between 1917-22
| Lenin
28,000
85
When were the Cheka disbanded
| Lenin
1922
86
What replaced the Cheka
| Lenin
GPU
87
What did the GPU become in 1924
| Lenin
OGPU
88
What 3 high ranking communists were executed by the NKVD
| Stalin
Bukharin, Kamenev and Zionviev
89
Which NKVD leader was executed by the NKVD in 1938
| Stalin
Yagoda
90
Which NKVD leader was executed by the NKVD in 1940
| Stalin
Yezhov
91
How many did the NKVD send to Gulags
| Stalin
40 million
92
What did the NKVD become in 1943
| Stalin
NKGB
93
What did the NKGB split up into in 1946
| Stalin
MGB and MVD
94
When was the MGB merged into the MVD
| Stalin
1953
95
What was the KGB put under under Khrushchev
| Khrush
Party Control
96
What did the KGB being under party control mean
| Khrush
Harder to implement terror
97
When were the Gulags shut down
| Khrush
1955
98
How many political prisoners were executed by 1960
| Khrush
11,000
99
What happened to Nagy after the Hungarian uprising
| Khrush
Executed
100
How many were executed in Novocherkassk in 1962
| Khrush
23
101
What was Novocherkassk about
| Khrush
Rising food prices
102
How many men were in the army in 1855
| Alex II
1.4 million
103
When was the Polish revolt that was put down by the army
| Alex II
1863
104
What did Alexander III use the army to enforce
| Alex III
Russification
105
What did the army do on Bloody Sunday
| Nicholas
fire on the crowd
106
What did the army do in the 1905 revolution
| Nicholas
Crushed it
107
What did the army do to strikes between 1905-1917
| Nicholas
Put them down
108
How many soldiers deserted the army to support the February revolution
| Nicholas
150,000
109
How many conscripts were in the Red Army by 1922
| Lenin
5 million
110
When was the Kronstadt rebellion, year and month
| Lenin
February 1921
111
How many Red army soldiers were sent to recapture Kronstadt naval base
| Lenin
50,000
112
How many rebels were killed in the assault of Kronstadt naval base
| Lenin
1,000
113
How many were executed after the Kronstadt rebellion
| Lenin
500
114
What did the army do to the Tambov Rebellion
| Lenin
Put it down
115
What % of officers were purged by Stalin between 1936-38
| Stalin
40%
116
What did Stalin order troops to do in WW2
| Stalin
fight to the "last drop of blood"
117
When did the Red Army conquer Berlin
| Stalin
May 1945
118
Who had a role in suppressing the Doctor's plot
| Stalin
The Army
119
Name a military leader viewed with suspicion after WW2
| Stalin
Zhukov
120
What was the drop of soldiers during Detente
| Khrush
3.6 million to 2.4 million
121
When was the army used to crush the Hungarian uprising
| Khrush
1956
122
What was Alexander II's government newspaper called
| Alex II
Ruskii
123
How many books were published in 1864
| Alex II
1,836
124
When was Karl Marx's Das Kapital published in Russian
| Alex II
1872
125
What did Alexander III do to books before they were published
| Alex III
Censored them
126
What could the government do to newspapers they didn't agree with
| Alex III
Shut them down
127
What was the x increase of the number of periodicals (newspapers and magazines) from 1900-1914
| Nicholas
3x
128
How many books were published in 1894
| Nicholas
10,691
129
What was the circulation of the Kopek newspaper
| Nicholas
25,000
130
Who was the Kopek newspaper aimed at
| Nicholas
The proletariat
131
What type of censorship ended under Nicholas
| Nicholas
Prepublication
132
What happened to press freedom under Lenin
| Lenin
abolished
133
What institutions were put under surveillance
| Lenin
Schools, Cinemas and libraries
134
Which writers were lavished with gifts
| Lenin
Gorky and Zemyatin
135
When was Agitation and Propaganda department set up
| Lenin
1921
136
What did writers have to belong to under Stalin
| Stalin
Union of Soviet Writers
137
What were writers ordered to produce
| Stalin
"Socialist realism" material
138
How many writers were put on trial for treason in August 1952
15
139
How many writers were executed in August 1952
13
140
When was Gorky likely poisoned by the NKVD
| Stalin
1936
141
How many books were published per year by the late 1950s
| Khrush
65,000
142
How many libraries were there by 1959
| Khrush
135,000
143
How many people read newspapers daily by 1960
| Khrush
60 million
144
How many films were made in 1959
| Khrush
145
145
How many cinemas were there by 1959
| Khrush
59,000
146
What was published after 1905
| Nicholas
Royal family portraits
147
What newspaper was published under Lenin
| Lenin
Pravda
148
What was Lenin's slogan
| Lenin
"Peace, Land and Bread"
149
When was Petrograd renamed to Leningrad
| Stalin
1924
150
When was Tsaritsyn renamed to Stalingrad
| Stalin
1923
151
What was the propaganda that Stalin created to help workers work harder
| Stalin
Stakhanovite movement
152
How much coal did Stakhanovite mine in one shift
| Stalin
102 tonnes
153
Who made up the Populist political party
| Alex II
upper class and middle class intellectuals
154
Who were the two most influential figures in the populist political party
| Alex II
Lavrov and Chernyshevsky
155
What was Lenin's favourite book, name, publisher and year
| Alex II
"What is to be done?" Chernyshevsky, 1863
| Chernyshevsky was the figure in the populist political party
156
What did Lavrov found
| Alex II
"Going to the People"
157
What did "Going to the people" aim to do
| Alex II
educate the peasants
158
When was "going to the people"
| Alex II
1872-73
159
How many students went to the countryside for "going to the people"
| Alex II
4,000
160
When was Land and Liberty political party formed
| Alex II
1876
161
What did the Land and Liberty political party want
| Alex II
To educate the peasants
162
When was the People's Will formed
| Alex II
1879
163
When was Lenin's brother, Alexander Ulyanov, executed
| Alex III
1887
164
When was the Socialist Revolutionary Party formed
| Nicholas
1901
165
What did the Socialist Revolutionary Party aim to do
| Nicholas
improve the lives of the poorest Russians
166
What was the Socialist Revolutionary Party split between in 1905
| Nicholas
Radical left wing SR and Moderate right-wing SR
167
When was the All-Russian Social Democrat Party formed
| Nicholas
1898
167
What group of the Socialist Revolutionary Party assasinated Grand Duke Sergei
| Nicholas
Left wing SR
168
What did the All-Russian Social Democratic Party focus on doing
| Nicholas
Radicalising the proletariat
169
What did the liberal party want Russia to be
| Nicholas
British Style Democracy
170
What did the Kadets party want Russia to be
| Nicholas
Constitutional Monarchy
171
What was the difference between Octoberists and Kadets
| Nicholas
Octoberists more liberal
172
What class were the Liberal, Kadet and Octoberist parties made up from
| Nicholas
Urban middle class
173
When was Nicholas overthrown, month + year
| Nicholas
February 1917
174
Who did the Whites consist of in the Russian civil war
| Lenin
anti-bolshevik coalition
175
When were all political parties but communists banned
| Lenin
1921
176
When was Witte demoted
| Nicholas
1903
177
Who opposed the signing of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
| Lenin
Trotsky
178
What did the right wing think of the NEP
| Lenin
Practical measure
179
What did the left wing think of the NEP
| Lenin
Betrayal of their beliefs
180
When were Zinoviev and Kamenev removed
| Stalin
1925
181
Why were Zinoviev and Kamenev removed
| Stalin
disagreed on foreign policy
182
What group did Trotsky, Kamenev and Zinoviev form
| Stalin
United Opposition Group
183
Why was the United Opposition Group formed
| Stalin
Demanded "free speech"
184
When was Trotsky expelled from the USSR
| Stalin
January 1929
185
When was Bukharin removed from his post
| Stalin
1929
186
Why was Bukharin removed from his post
| Stalin
concern about collectivisation
187
When was Trotsky murdered by the NKVD in Mexico City
| Stalin
1940
188
What fraction of the communist party members were executed between 1935-38
| Stalin
1/3
189
When was Khrushchev removed from power peacefully
| Khrush
1964
190
Month and year of Bezdna revolt
| Alex II
April 1861
191
Why was the Bezdna revolt started
| Alex II
Literate peasant said emancipation edict was a lie
192
How many gathered in the Bezdna revolt
| Alex II
5,000
193
How many were shot by the army in Bezdna revolt
| Alex II
91
194
What did peasants do because of redemption payments
| Nicholas
attacked landowners and burnt down property
195
What did peasants claim they had a right to live off
| Nicholas
private land
196
What did conscription cause
| Nicholas
widespread unrest
197
How many soldiers and policemen were killed in 1914 over conscription
| Nicholas
250
198
How many were killed in a 1914 riot in Tsaritsyn
| Nicholas
20
199
What was the 1914 riot in Tsaritsyn over?
| Nicholas
Pay
200
What did peasant soldiers begin to do after 1916
| Nicholas
Desert
201
What did peasants become in WW1
| PG
politically aware
202
When were there wide spread peasant disturbances
| PG
October 1917
203
When was Tambov's rebellion
| Lenin
Between 1920-1921
204
How many were killed in Tambov's rebellion
140,000
205
How many peasants served in Green Armies
| Lenin
40,000
206
How did peasants resist collectivisation
| Stalin
By slaughtering their animals
207
How many cows were in the USSR in 1928 compared to 1941
| Stalin
33.2 million in 1928 and 27.6 million in 1941
208
How many peasants were killed in the Holodomor famine
| Stalin
7.5 million
209
How many peasants were executed on kolkhoz (collectivised farms) between 1932-33
| Stalin
125,000
210
How many kulaks were deported to Kazakhstan
| Stalin
5 million
211
How many took part in a strike at Morozov in 1885
| Alex III
8,000
212
What was the duration of the Morozov strike
| Alex III
10 days
213
How many were arrested after the Morozov strikes
| Alex III
600
214
How many were put on trial after the Morozov strikes
| Alex III
22
215
What did the Morozov strikes highlight
| Alex III
appalling conditions
216
How did the 1905 revolution start
| Nicholas
Strike at Putilov artillery factory in December 1904
217
How many workers took part in sympathy strikes for the Putilov artillery factory
| Nicholas
150,000 workers
218
What did workers form in cities as it looked like the government was going to collapse
| Nicholas
Soviets
219
How many were killed when the government repressed the 1905 revolution
| Nicholas
14,000
220
How many workers went on strike at the Putilov artillery works to start the February revolution
| Nicholas
100,000
221
How many were striking in St. Petersburg by the end of February 1917
| Nicholas
500,000
222
How many soldiers deserted at the end of February 1917
| Nicholas
150,000
223
What did the workers form after the February revolution
| PG
Petrograd Soviet
224
How many participated in the July Days riot
| PG
500,000
225
What was the July Days riot originally supposed to be
| PG
A worker's march
226
Why did worker suicide rates increase
| Stalin
unrealistic production targets
227
How much had the working day decreased by the 1960s
| Khrush
7 hours, down from 11.5 in 1897
228
What was the name for a council elected by workers, soldiers and sailors
| PG
Soviet
229
What did Lenin say, implying that Soviets should govern instead of the PG "All ____ to the _____"
| PG
"All power to the Soviets"
History Complete
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Decks in class (10)
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