1
Q
Who developed the Russian textile industry
Alex II
A
Ludwig Loop
2
Q
Who invested in oil wells in Baku
Alex II
A
Nobel brothers
3
Q
Who established the New Russian, Coal, Iron and Rail making company
Alex II
A
JJ Hughes
4
Q
Who was the largest producer of pig iron in Russia by 1884
Alex II
A
New Russian, Coal, Iron and Rail making Company
5
Q
What was the settlement around JJ Hughes smelting works
Alex II
A
Donetsk
6
Q
What x increased was there in the amount of railway track opened
Alex II
A
7x
7
Q
How many miles of rail were open in 1862 compared to 1878
Alex II
A
2,194 - 13,979
8
Q
How much % did Russia’s economy grow per year under Reutern
Alex II
A
6%
9
Q
When was there a depression in Europe which Russia wasn’t affected by
Alex II
A
1873-1882
10
Q
What did Reutern do to private railway companies if they faced difficulties
A
bailed them out
11
Q
What % of Russian railways were owned by private companies by 1880
Alex II
A
94%
12
Q
Who was the liberal finance minister between 1882-1886
Alex III
A
Nikolay Bunge
13
Q
Who was the hard line finance minister between 1887-1892
Alex III
A
Ivan Vyshnegradskii
14
Q
When was Count Witte employed
Alex III
A
1893-1903
15
Q
When was the unfair Salt Tax abolished
Alex III
A
1881
16
Q
When was the unfair Poll Tax abolished
Alex III
A
1886
17
Q
When was the peasant land bank set up
Alex III
A
1883
18
Q
What % of railways were owned by the Russian government by 1911
Alex III
A
69%
19
Q
Why was Bunge sacked
Alex III
A
Rouble collapsed in mid 1880s
20
Q
When was the Medele’ev tariff introduced
Alex III
A
1891
21
Q
What was the Medele’ev tariff partly responsible for
Alex III
A
1891 famine
22
Q
How many were killed in the 1891 famine
Alex III
A
500,000
23
Q
Who still dominated the economy in 1893
Nicholas
A
peasantry
24
Q
Who was the first finance minister to show total commitment to industrialisation
Nicholas
A
Witte
25
What was the industrial growth under Witte called
| Nicholas
the "Great Spurt"
26
When was the rouble placed on the gold standard
| Nicholas
1897
27
Who managed heavy industry
| Nicholas
The state
28
What happened to coal production under Witte
| Nicholas
doubled
29
x increase of Iron and steel production under Witte?
| Nicholas
7x
30
How many miles of railway opened in 1891 compared to 1901
| Nicholas
17,264-31,125
31
What was the income earned in industry change from 1893 to 1897
| Nicholas
42 million roubles - 161 million roubles
32
What was Russia's rank in international iron production in 1900
| Nicholas
4th
33
What was the Russian GDP growth % per year overseen by Witte
| Nicholas
7.5%
34
What was the GNP growth % per year between 1909-1913
| Nicholas
3.5%
35
in 1913, what coal % did Russia produce relative to Britain?
| Nicholas
10%
36
In 1913 what was Russia's GDP % relative to Britain's
| Nicholas
20%
37
How much did the government spend in 1913
| Nicholas
1.5 billion roubles
38
How much did the war cost in 1916
| Nicholas
3 billion
39
what was the % increase in prices between 1914-1917
| Nicholas
400%
40
When was state capitalism introduced, month + year
| Lenin
November 1917
41
When was the Supreme Economic Council (SEC) formed, month + year
| Lenin
December 1917
42
What was the requirement for businesses to be nationalised without compensation under the SEC
| Lenin
employed 10 or more workers
43
How many nationalised businesses were there by 1920
| Lenin
30,000
44
What was the coal production in 1913 compared to 1921
| Lenin
29 million - 8.9 million
45
In 1920, what % was the rouble worth of what it had been in 1917
| Lenin
1%
46
What % of wages were paid in kind by 1921
| Lenin
90%
47
What was grain requisitioning in war communism?
| Lenin
Food forcibly taken from the countryside by Cheka and given to Red Army
48
What caused war communism to be scrapped
| Lenin
Kronstadt rising
49
What trade did the NEP encourage
| Lenin
Foreign trade
50
What did the NEP end
| Lenin
grain requisitioning
51
What did the NEP allow
| Lenin
small private businesses
52
What did the NEP revalue
| Lenin
The rouble
53
What class of entrepreneur did the NEP create
| Lenin
NEPMEN
54
How much of retail trade were NEPMEN responsible for
| Lenin
60%
55
Who set the targets for the five year plans
| Stalin
GOSPLAN
56
What happened if you failed to meet targets
| Stalin
shot
57
When was the first five year plan announced
| Stalin
1929
58
When was the first five year plan scrapped
| Stalin
1932
59
What did Stalin's five year plans focus on
| Stalin
heavy industry
60
How much did oil production increase by between 1928 and 1940
| Stalin
36.7 million tonnes
61
How much did coal production increase by between 1928 and 1940
| Stalin
130.5 million tonnes
62
How many tractors were made between 1928 and 1940
| Stalin
29,700
63
What did Khrushchev's five year plans focus on
| Khrush
consumer goods
64
How many Russians owned a washing machine in 1955
| Khrush
1 in 1000
65
How many Russians owned washing machines in 1964
| Khrush
1 in 77
66
How many people owned fridges in 1964
| Khrush
4 in 100
67
What did the 5th five year plan waste a lot of money on
| Khrush
Hydroelectric schemes
68
When were serfs owned by the state freed
| Alex II
1866
69
How long did redemption payments last
| Alex II
49 years
70
How much did redemption payments need paid per year
| Alex II
6% p/a
71
What was the 1891 famine blamed on
| Alex III
poor farming techniques
72
What did Stolypin introduce after the unrest following the 1905 revolution
| Nicholas
Stolypin land reforms
73
What was made easier to buy through the peasant land bank
| Nicholas
Unused land
74
What became easier to do because of Stolypin
| Nicholas
Merge plots of land together
75
How many peasants left the countryside for cities between 1894-1914
| Nicholas
2 million
76
What did the Bolsheviks claim they were after the July Days
| Lenin
Party for the peasants and workers
77
What abolished private property
| Lenin
The decree on land
78
What type of peasant did the Cheka execute
| Lenin
kulaks
79
What were Kulaks blamed for?
| Lenin
Food shortages
80
When did the collectivisation program begin
| Stalin
November 1929
81
How many peasants lived on collectivised farms by 1930
| Stalin
58%
82
How did peasants resist collectivisation
| Stalin
Killing their animals
83
What % died in nomadic Kazakhstan due to collectivisation
| Stalin
75%
84
What % of peasants lived on collectivised farms by 1937
| Stalin
93%
85
What % of peasants lived on collectivised farms by 1941
| Stalin
98%
86
When was the mir abolished?
| Stalin
1930
87
How many died in the 1932-34 famine
| Stalin
7 million
88
What did the 1932-1934 famine show
| Stalin
collectivised farms didn't work
89
What did poor harvests in 1962 and 1963 lead to
| Stalin
food riots in towns
90
How many acres of land were being used in wheat production by 1950
| Khrush
96 million acres
91
How many acres of land were being used in wheat production by 1964
| Khrush
165 million acres
92
What % of people lived in towns in 1858
| Alex II
6%
93
What did the emancipation edict give the peasants the freedom to do socially
| Alex II
marry who they wanted
94
What % of population lived in towns under Nicholas II
| Nicholas
13%
95
How many were in the middle class by 1914
| Nicholas
2 million
96
How much did the amount of acres of land the nobility owned fall by from 1870 to 1914
| Nicholas
60 million acres
97
By 1900, what % of the Russian economy was rural
| Nicholas
80%
98
When did Lenin made civil marriage legal
| Lenin
1917
99
Why did the birth rate slow under Lenin
| Lenin
easier to get a divorce
100
When did Stalin make abortion illegal
| Stalin
1926
101
How many people worked in managerial positions in the communist party by 1930
| Stalin
1.5 million people
102
How did Stalin encourage people to have more children
| Stalin
financial incentives
103
What % of Russians lived in towns by 1960
| Khrush
49%
104
When did Khrushchev make abortion legal again
| Khrush
1955
105
Who provided education pre-1864
| Alex II
the church, or wealthy people
106
What % of army recruits were literate
| Alex II
7%
107
Who was put in charge of new education and school boards in 1864
| Alex II
Zemstva
108
What role was created in 1870 that took the role of education from the Zemstva
| Alex II
Minister of Education
109
What type of school did Alexander II create
| Alex II
Real Gymnasia
110
What did Real Gymnasia teach
| Alex II
foreign languages, maths and science
111
Between 1855-1865, what happened to the number of students in secondary education
| Alex II
it doubled
112
Who was the minister of education who manipulated the university enterance criteria so children of the nobility were favoured
| Alex II
Tolstoy
113
How many schools were in Russia by 1880
| Alex II
23,000
114
When were universities given more autonomy
| Alex II
1863
115
Who did Alexander III ban from secondary schools
| Alex III
lower class children
116
What did Alexander III ban in universities
| Alex III
elections to university councils
117
What did the 1906 Duma plan to introduce
| Nicholas
universal primary education by 1922
118
How many schools were there in Russia by 1896
| Nicholas
79,000
119
How many schools were there in Russia by 1914
| Nicholas
81,000
120
How many students were there in the 9 universities by 1900
| Nicholas
16,500
121
What % of total students went to Moscow state university
| Nicholas
25%
122
When did Lenin abolish church schools
| Lenin
1918
123
What type of school did Lenin scrap
| Lenin
Real Gymnasia
124
What did Stalin make compulsory in 1930
| Stalin
primary school attendance
125
What was the increase in students attending primary school from 1929 to 1930
| Stalin
10 million
126
What was the increase in secondary school students from 1931 to 1932
| Stalin
4.4 million
127
What aspect of school did Khrushchev abolish
| Khrush
School fees
128
What type of learning did Khrushchev promote
| Khrush
Vocational learning
129
What % of Russians lived in cities by 1900
| Nicholas
15%
130
What % of people lived in cities in the UK in 1900
| Nicholas
80%
131
When was the first census
| Nicholas
1897
132
What happened to the populations of Riga and Kiev between 1897-1914
| Nicholas
population doubled
133
How many died in a cholera outbreak in St. Petersburg in 1910
| Nicholas
100,000
134
When was a sewerage system built in St. Petersburg
| Nicholas
1911
135
How many towns were there by 1914
| Nicholas
1000
136
How many towns had electricity
| Nicholas
74
137
How many towns had gas
| Nicholas
35
138
How many towns had a sewerage system
| Nicholas
38
139
Where did workers sleep
| Nicholas
worker's barracks
140
How many shift workers would share a bed
| Nicholas
2
141
What banned private property in 1918
| Lenin
Decree of the Peace
142
What were apartments used for
| Nicholas
Communal living
143
What % of the population of Moscow in 1935 lived in one room shared with 2 other families
| Stalin
25%
144
What % of people in Moscow in 1935 lived in a hallway, corridor or bathroom
| Stalin
5%
145
How much did living space (metres squared) fall from 1905 to 1935
| Stalin
2.7 metres squared
146
How many Russians were made homeless in WW2
| Stalin
25 million
147
What happened to the housing stock between 1955-1964
| Khrush
doubled
148
How many moved to new Khrushchev apartments
| Khrush
108 million
149
What was the average apartment size under Khrushchev
| Khrush
30 metres squared
150
Who did Alexander II give power to to deal with famines
| Alex II
Zemstva
151
How did Alexander III deal with the 1891 famine
| Alex III
banned grain exports and set up special relief lottery
152
What did the government blame the 1891 famine on
| Alex III
poor farming techniques
153
What was the real factor in the 1891 famine
| Alex III
Medele'ev tariff
154
Were the 1914-1917 harvests good or bad?
| Nicholas
good
155
What caused food shortages in cities
| Nicholas
Logistical problems
156
Who took over the railways in WW1
| Nicholas
the military
157
How long were the bread queues in St. Petersburg
| Nicholas
8 hours
158
What were the Kulaks blamed for in 1918
| Lenin
food shortage
159
What were the Cheka ordered to do in 1920
| Lenin
seize all food supplies
160
How many did the 1920-21 famine kill
| Lenin
5 million
161
How much did food production in Ukraine fall by under Lenin
| Lenin
20%
162
What were there cases of in Ukraine under Lenin
| Lenin
cannibalism
163
Were the harvests between 1926-1928 good or bad
| Stalin
good
164
When was requisitioning re-introduced
| Stalin
1928
165
How many were killed by the 1932-34 famine
| Stalin
7 million
166
Why did animals on collectivised farms freeze to death
| Stalin
barns too small
167
How much had meat and fish consumption fallen by by the late 1930s
| Stalin
80%
168
What increased the amount of land used for wheat production
| Khrush
Virgin land campaign
169
When did Alexander III set up the factory inspectorate
| Alex III
1882
170
Who did Alexander III ban from working in factories
| Alex III
children under 12
171
What was the normal working day by 1914
| Nicholas
9-10 hours
172
What was set up in 1912 to help pay for sickness
| Nicholas
Workers insurance scheme
173
How long was the working day under Provisional Government
| PG
8 hours
174
What was fine as punishment in work under Lenin
| Lenin
10% of wages
175
What was the working day in 1932
| Stalin
12 hours
176
How much did wages fall by during the first five year plan
| Stalin
50%
177
What were you paid for under Stalin
| Stalin
what you produced in a day
178
What was high in workers under Stalin
| Stalin
Suicide rates
179
What was the working day by 1958
| Khrush
7 hours
History Complete
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