Chapter 1

Question 1

what are the 11 organ systems?

Answer 1

1) integumentary
2) skeletal
3) muscular
4) lymphatic
5) respiratory
6) digestive
7) nervous
8) endocrine
9) cardiovascular
10) urinary
11) reproductive

Question 2

what structures are found in the integumentary system?

Answer 2

• skin (dermis epidermis)
• hair follicles
• nails
• glands

Question 3

what structures are found in the skeletal system?

Answer 3

• bone
• cartilage
• joints
• ligaments
• bone marrow

Question 4

what structures are found in the muscular system?

Answer 4

• skeletal muscle
• tendons
• aponeurosis

Question 5

what structures are found in the lymphatic system,?

Answer 5

• lymphatic vessels
• lymph nodes
• spleen
• thymus

Question 6

what structures are found in the respiratory system?

Answer 6

• nasal cavities
• paranasal sinuses
• pharynx
• larynx
• trachea
• bronchi
• lungs

Question 7

what structures are found in the digestive system,?

Answer 7

• oral cavity
• salivary glands
• pharynx
• esophagus
• stomach
• small intestine
• liver
• gallbladder
• pancreas
• large intestine

Question 8

what structures are found in the nervous system,?

Answer 8

• CNS (brain spinal cord)

- PNS

Question 9

what structures are found in the endocrine system?

Answer 9

• pineal gland
• pituitary gland
• thyroid
• parathyroid
• thymus
• adrenal glands
• kidneys
• pancreas
• gonads (testes, ovaries)

Question 10

what structures are found in the cardiovascular system?

Answer 10

• heart
• blood vessels
• blood

Question 11

what structures are found in the urinary system,?

Answer 11

• kidneys
• ureters
• urinary bladder
• urethra

Question 12

what structures are found in the female reproductive system?

Answer 12

• ovaries
• uterine tubes
• uterus
• vagina
• external genitalia
• mammary glands

Question 13

what structures are found in the male reproductive system?

Answer 13

• testes
• accessory organs (epididymis, ductus deferens, seminal glands, prostate, urethra)
• external genitalia (penis, scrotum)

Question 14

what is the function of the integumentary system?

Answer 14

• protects against environmental hazards

- controls temperature

Question 15

what is the function of the skeletal system?

Answer 15

• supports and protects soft tissues
• stores minerals
• forms blood

Question 16

what is the function of the muscular system?

Answer 16

• provides movement and support

- generates heat

Question 17

what is the function of the nervous system?

Answer 17

-directs immediate responses to stimuli, usually by coordinating the activities of other organ systems

Question 18

what is the function of the endocrine system?

Answer 18

-directs long-term changes in the activities of other organ systems

Question 19

what is the function of the cardiovascular system?

Answer 19

-distributes cells and dissolved materials, including nutrients, wastes, and gases

Question 20

what is the function of the lymphatic system?

Answer 20

-defends against infection and disease

Question 21

what is the function of the respiratory system?

Answer 21

-delivers air to sites where gas exchange occurs between the air and circulating blood

Question 22

what is the function of the digestive system?

Answer 22

• processes and digests food
• absorbs nutrients
• stores energy reserves

Question 23

what is the function of the urinary system?

Answer 23

• eliminates excess water, salts, and wastes
• controls pH
• regulates blood pressure

Question 24

what is the function of the reproductive system,?

Answer 24

-produces sex cells and hormones

Question 25

what are the structures in the right upper quadrant?

Answer 25

- right lobe of the liver - gallbladder - right kidney - portions of the stomach - small and large intestine

Question 26

what are the structures in the left upper quadrant?

Answer 26

- left lobe of liver - stomach - pancreas - left kidney - spleen - portions of the large intestine

Question 27

what are the structures in the right lower quadrant?

Answer 27

- cecum - appendix - portions of the small intestine - reproductive organs (right ovary in females and right spermatic cord in males) - right ureter

Question 28

what are the structures in the left lower quadrant?

Answer 28

- most of small intestine - portions of large intestine - left ureter - reproductive organs )left ovary in female; left spermatic cord in males)

Question 29

what is the structure that divides the abdominopelvic quadrants into 4?

Answer 29

umbilicus

Question 30

what is the point of pain during appendicitis?

Answer 30

McBurney's point | -1/3 of the way between the right ASIS and umbilicus

Question 31

how many abdominopelvic regions are there?

Answer 31

9

Question 32

what divides the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity?

Answer 32

diaphragm

Question 33

what are the 3 central abdominopelvic regions from superior to inferior?

Answer 33

- epigastric region - umbilical region - hypogastric (pubic) region

Question 34

what are the 3 lateral abdominopelvic regions from superior to inferior?

Answer 34

- hypochondriac region - lumbar region - inguinal region

Question 35

the abdominopelvic cavity contains the _______ cavity (potential space between the parietal and visceral peritoneum)

Answer 35

peritoneal

Question 36

pleural cavity - def

Answer 36

body cavity of the thoracic region that surrounds the lung

Question 37

visceral pleura - def

Answer 37

serous membrane of the lungs and dipping into the fissures between the lung lobes

Question 38

parietal pleura - def

Answer 38

serous membrane that lines the wall of the pulmonary cavity

Question 39

mediastinum - def

Answer 39

septum between two parts of an organ or a cavity such as the central tissue mass that divides the thoracic cavity into two pleural cavities

Question 40

pericardium - def

Answer 40

fibrous sac that surrounds the heart, and whose inner, serous lining is continuous with the epicardium

Question 41

peritoneal cavity - def

Answer 41

potential space between the parietal peritoneum and the visceral peritoneum - at rest, there is no space

Question 42

pericarditis - def

Answer 42

inflammation of the pericardium | -can be caused by any disease-causing agent or trauma; can severely restrict the function of the heart

Question 43

peritonitis - def

Answer 43

inflammation of the peritoneum (serous membrane lining the abdomen) - due to bacterial infection, liver failure, kidney failure, etc. - affects all organs within the peritoneal cavity