Chapter 1-9

Question 1

1. The determination that prompts surgical care in the hospital is more important than performing time-consuming procedures in the field on a major trauma patient is based MOSTLY on:

local protocols

EMS research

None of these answers

the lead EMT’s decision.

regional trauma guidelines

Answer 1

EMS research

Question 2

2. Which of the following interventions is used by all levels of EMS providers?

Needle decompression

Automatic transport ventilators

Automated external defibrillator

Multilumen airways

Answer 2

Automated external defibrillator

Question 3

3. Which of the following statements regarding the different stages of the grieving process is correct?

The grieving process typically begins with severe depression.

It is rare that people will jump back and forth between stages.

Stages of the grieving process may occur simultaneously.

Bargaining is the most unpleasant stage of the grieving process.

Answer 3

Stages of the grieving process may occur simultaneously.

Question 4

4. Common factors that influence how a patient reacts to the stress of an illness or injury include all of the following, EXCEPT:

history of chronic disease.

assessment by the EMT.

mental disorders.

fear of medical personnel.

Answer 4

assessment by the EMT.

Question 5

5. While providing care to a patient, blood got onto the ambulance stretcher. Because the stretcher was not properly cleaned afterward, a virus was transmitted to another emergency medical technician (EMT) several days later. Which route of transmission does this scenario describe?

Vector-borne transmission

Airborne transmission

Direct contact

Indirect contact

Answer 5

Indirect contact

Question 6

6. You and your partner arrive at the scene of a major motor vehicle crash. The driver, a young male, is severely entrapped in his car. He has an open head injury and massive facial trauma. He is unresponsive, is not breathing, and does not have a palpable carotid pulse. You should:

have your partner check for a pulse to confirm that the patient is deceased.

ventilate the patient for 5 minutes and then stop if there is no response.

request the fire department to extricate the patient so you can begin CPR.

stop any active bleeding and advise dispatch to send a paramedic crew

Answer 6

have your partner check for a pulse to confirm that the patient is deceased.

Question 7

7. Putrefaction is defined as:

profound cyanosis to the trunk and face.

decomposition of the body’s tissues.

Separation of the torso from the rest of the body.

blood settling to the lowest point of the body.

Answer 7

decomposition of the body’s tissues.

Question 8

8. In which of the following situations does a legal duty to act clearly exist?

bystander encounters a victim who is not breathing.

The EMT witnesses a vehicle crash while off duty.

A call is received 15 minutes prior to shift change.

The EMT hears of a cardiac arrest after his or her shift ends.

Answer 8

A call is received 15 minutes prior to shift change.

Question 9

9. Maintaining the chain of evidence at the scene of a crime should include:

placing the patient in a private area until the police arrive

making brief notes at the scene and then completing them later

quickly moving any weapons out of the patient’s sight

not cutting through holes in clothing that were caused by weapons

Answer 9

not cutting through holes in clothing that were caused by weapons

Question 10

10. You arrive at the scene of a motor vehicle-versus-pedestrian accident. The patient, a 13-year-old male Is unconscious and has multiple injuries. As you are treating the child, a law enforcement officer advises the child’s parents will be at the scene in approximately 15 minutes. What should you do?

Treat the child at the scene and wait for the parents to arrive and give consent

Transport the child immediately and have the parents meet you at the hospital.

Begin transport at once and have the parents meet you en route to the hospital.

Withhold treatment until the parents arrive and give you consent for treatment

Answer 10

Transport the child immediately and have the parents meet you at the hospital.

Question 11

11. Medical control gives you an order that seems inappropriate for the patient’s condition. After confirming that you heard the physician correctly, you should:

carry out the order and then carefully document it on the run form

advise the physician that the order is unclear and ask for clarification

obtain consent from the patient and then carry out the order as usual.

state that you will not carry out the order because it is inappropriate

Answer 11

advise the physician that the order is unclear and ask for clarification

Question 12

12. Which of the following will help improve radio communications?

Hold the radio at least 6 inches from your mouth

Use codes to speed communication

Answer questions with “yes” or “no.”

Wait 1 second after pressing the transmit button before speaking

Answer 12

Wait 1 second after pressing the transmit button before speaking

Question 13

13. A diabetic patient has polydipsia. This means that she:

has low blood sugar.

urinates frequently.

is excessively thirsty.

is unable to swallow.

Answer 13

is excessively thirsty.

Question 14

14. “Myo” in the word myocarditis means:

vein

muscle.

bone.

Cartilage

Answer 14

muscle.

Question 15

15. Which of the following suffixes mean “pertaining to?

“-ology” and “-oma”

“-al” and “-ic”

“ic” and “-ology™

“-al” and “-ology”

Answer 15

“-al” and “-ic”

Question 16

16. Which of the following prefixes mean “two”?

“primi-“ and “dipl-“

“bi-“ and “null-“

“primi-“ and “bi-“

“dipl-“ and “bi-“

Answer 16

“dipl-“ and “bi-“

Question 17

17. The inferior cartilaginous tip of the sternum is called the:

xiphoid process.

angle of Louis

sternal notch.

jugular notch.

Answer 17

xiphoid process.

Question 18

18. The elbow is an example of a _____ joint:

Saddle

ball-and-socket

gliding

hinge

Answer 18

hinge

Question 19

19. The vocal cords are located in the:

oropharynx.

pharynx.

Nasopharynx

larynx.

Answer 19

larynx.

Question 20

20. The _______ is made up of the maxilla and zygoma, as well as the frontal bone of the cranium.

Occiput

Sphenoid

Orbit

Mastoid

Answer 20

Orbit

Question 21

21. Twelve pairs of ribs attach to which section of the spinal column?

Thoracic

Coccyx

Sacral

Lumbar

Answer 21

Thoracic

Question 22

22. The human body should be functioning at its optimal level between the ages of:

21 and 30 years

25 and 35 years

18 and 22 years

19 and 25 years

Answer 22

19 and 25 years

Question 23

23. An infant’s blood pressure typically increases with age because:

as the infant gets older, his or her blood vessels dilate.

the infant’s total blood volume decreases with age.

His or her normal heart rate usually increases with age.

blood pressure directly corresponds to body weight.

Answer 23

blood pressure directly corresponds to body weight.

Question 24

24. Which of the following describes the Moro reflex?

The neonate opens his or her arms wide, spreads his or her fingers, and seems to grasp at something after being startled.

When the sole of the foot is stroked with a blunt object, the big toe lifts upward and the other toes fan outward.

When something touches a neonate’s cheek, he or she instinctively turns his or her head toward the touch

An infant’s heart rate decreases secondary to hypoxia because he or she depends heavily on the heart rate to perfuse the body.

Answer 24

The neonate opens his or her arms wide, spreads his or her fingers, and seems to grasp at something after being startled.

Question 25

25. The areas of the infant's skull that have not yet fused together are called: Fontanelles Ventricles cranial valleys sutures

Answer 25

Fontanelles

Question 26

26. What is the normal respiratory rate for an adult? 15-30 breaths/min 25-50 breaths/min. 40-60 breaths/min 12-20 breaths/min

Answer 26

12-20 breaths/min

Question 27

27. When pulling a patient, you should extend your arms no more than inches ________ in front of your torso. 15 to 20 20 to 30 inches 5 to 10 inches 10 to 15 inches

Answer 27

15 to 20

Question 28

28. Which of the following statements regarding an emergency patient move is correct? The spine must be fully immobilized prior to performing an emergency move. The patient is dragged against the body's long axis during an emergency move. An emergency move is performed before the primary assessment and treatment. It is not possible to perform an emergency move without injuring the patient.

Answer 28

An emergency move is performed before the primary assessment and treatment.

Question 29

29. When moving a conscious, weak patient down a flight of stairs, you should: secure the patient to a scoop stretcher and carry him or her headfirst down the stairs to the awaiting stretcher collapse the undercarriage of the wheeled stretcher and carefully carry the patient down the stairs on the stretcher assist the patient in walking down the stairs and place him or her on the wheeled stretcher at the bottom of the stairs place the wheeled stretcher at the bottom of the stairs and carry the patient down the stairs with a stair chair

Answer 29

place the wheeled stretcher at the bottom of the stairs and carry the patient down the stairs with a stair chair

Question 30

30. The proper technique for using the power grip is to: lift with your palms up position your hands about 63 apart rotate your palms down hold the handle with your fingers

Answer 30

lift with your palms up

Question 31

31. While transferring a patient to ALS staff, interference should be: Optimized for care. kept in place. minimized overall. transformed by coordination.

Answer 31

minimized overall.

Question 32

32. Which comes first in EMS decision making? Data interpretation Planning Team communication Data gathering

Answer 32

Data gathering

Question 33

33. EMTS and other health care providers function as a true team when they work: under standing orders. dependently.. interdependently. independently.

Answer 33

interdependently.

Question 34

34. During a resuscitation attempt, the team leader asks the EMT to ventilate the patient at a rate of 20 breaths/min, and the EMT replies, "Actually, sir, the correct ventilation rate is 10 breaths/min." This is an example of: constructive intervention. quality assurance monitoring. closed-loop communication. situational awareness.

Answer 34

constructive intervention.

Question 35

35. Which step in EMS decision making comes after a patient has been transferred? Data gathering Team communication Outcome evaluation Planning

Answer 35

Outcome evaluation

Question 36

36. When the EMT assists a paramedic with an advanced intervention, he or she should recall that the focus of the intervention is on: solving a clinical problem. completing the procedure. learning to perform the skill. following local protocol.

Answer 36

solving a clinical problem.

Question 37

37. When working as an independent health care group member, the EMT should expect that he or she: does not have to wait for an assignment before performing a task. will rely on the group leader for making virtually all decisions. will be specifically instructed on how to perform a specific task. will receive no support or guidance from an EMS supervisor.

Answer 37

does not have to wait for an assignment before performing a task.

Question 38

38. To be a great EMT, strive for: retraining. the chance to replace an EMR. foundational knowledge. management work.

Answer 38

foundational knowledge.

Question 39

39. Which of the following is an example of closed-loop communication? The EMT requests permission from medical control to assist a patient with his prescribednitroglycerin. The team leader assigns the EMT a task, and the EMT repeats the request back to the team leader. EMTS decide not to attempt resuscitation because the patient has rigor mortis and is cold to the touch. The EMT corrects the team leader, who states that chest compressions should be greater than 3 inches deep.

Answer 39

The team leader assigns the EMT a task, and the EMT repeats the request back to the team leader.

Question 40

40. While transferring patient care to another health care provider, you should be: patient. respectful assertive aggressive.

Answer 40

respectful

Question 41

41. An effective team leader should: perform all difficult interventions. command his or her team. help the team accomplish goals. refrain from any direct patient care

Answer 41

help the team accomplish goals.

Question 42

42. While providing care to a patient, the EMT informs her partner that a shotgun is leaning against the wall in the corner of the room. In making this observation, the EMT has demonstrated: closed-loop communication. crew resource management. situational awareness. constructive intervention.

Answer 42

situational awareness.

Question 43

43. When assisting an ALS worker, a BLS worker who performs a skill outside his or her level of certification: is striving for promotion to ALS. plays a team role. risks a lawsuit. needs incident command authorization.

Answer 43

risks a lawsuit.

Question 44

44. Which of the following would the paramedic be LEAST likely to ask the EMT to do? Intubate a patient Apply a tourniquet Obtain vital signs Assess blood glucose

Answer 44

Intubate a patient

Question 45

45. Health care teams that infrequently train and work together: often work better under pressure. need less-explicit verbal direction. can create delays in patient care. are unable to accomplish their tasks.

Answer 45

can create delays in patient care.

Question 46

46. A team of EMTs is caring for a critically injured patient. The team leader advises the EMT that transport will not begin until the patient's closed forearm fracture is splinted. Utilizing the crew resource management model, the EMT should: disregard the team leader's request and contact medical control for guidance. advise the team leader that immediate transport is more important than splinting ensure that the entire team is aware that transport will be delayed for splinting. repeat the request back to the team leader and then splint the patient's arm.

Answer 46

advise the team leader that immediate transport is more important than splinting

Question 47

47. For patient handoff, it is important for EMTS and hospital staff to use: shared training. metric-sized tools. common language common goals.

Answer 47

common language

Question 48

48. Premature diagnosis during a call can be due to what error? Anchoring Overconfidence Bias Streamlining.

Answer 48

Anchoring

Question 49

49. Which of the following would MOST likely facilitate an accurate and effective verbal handoff report at the hospital? Brief pause in care to provide the verbal report. Providing the handoff report only to a physician. Use of a mutually agreed-upon handoff format Clearly identifying your EMS certification level.

Answer 49

Use of a mutually agreed-upon handoff format