- You are treating a middle-aged man with chest discomfort. He has a history of three previous heart attacks and takes nitroglycerin as needed for chest pain. You have standing orders to administer aspirin to patients with suspected cardiac-related chest pain or discomfort. While your partner is preparing to give oxygen to the patient, you should:
confirm that the patient is not allergic to aspirin, give him the appropriate dose of aspirin, and document the time and dose given.
contact medical control, apprise him or her of the patient’s chief complaint and vital signs, and request permission to give him aspirin.
assist the patient in taking one of his prescribed nitroglycerins, assess his vital signs, and give him aspirin C if he is still experiencing chest discomfort.
ensure that the patient’s systolic blood pressure is at least 100 mm Hg because aspirin dilates vessels and can cause a drop in blood pressure.
confirm that the patient is not allergic to aspirin, give him the appropriate dose of aspirin, and document the time and dose given.
- Which of the following statements regarding the metered-dose inhaler (MDI) is correct?
MDIs are most commonly used by patients with cardiovascular disease.
An MDI delivers the same amount of medication every time it is used.
Shaking an MDI prior to use will cause deactivation of the medication.
MDIs are contraindicated for patients with asthma or emphysema
An MDI delivers the same amount of medication every time it is used.
- When assessing an elderly male who complains of nausea and generalized weakness, you find that he takes atorvastatin (Lipitor) and amlodipine (Norvasc). These medications suggest a history of:
bacterial infection.
cardiovascular disease.
non-insulin-dependent diabetes.
reactive airway disease.
cardiovascular disease.
- What medication form does oral glucose come in?
Suspension
Gel
Fine powder
Liquid
Gel
- With the flowmeter set at 6 L/min, the nasal cannula will deliver up to _____ oxygen.
34%
14%
44%
24%
44%
- You are treating a 45-year-old woman who was stung by a hornet and has a rash. She tells you that she is allergic to hornets and has her own epinephrine auto-injector. She also tells you that she takes medication for hypertension. Her breath sounds do not reveal any wheezing, her breathing is unlabored, and her blood pressure is 154/94 mm Hg. What should you do if you are not able to make contact with medical control?
Begin transport to the hospital and closely monitor her condition while en route.
Give her half the dose of her epinephrine in case her allergic reaction is delayed.
Administer her epinephrine, reassess her condition, and transport her promptly.
Begin immediate transport and request an intercept with a paramedic ambulance
Begin immediate transport and request an intercept with a paramedic ambulance
- You are dispatched to a state park for a young female experiencing an allergic reaction. Your assessment reve that her breathing is severely labored and her blood pressure is very low. You carry epinephrine auto-injectors on your ambulance and have been trained and approved by your medical director to administer them. As your partner gives the patient supplemental oxygen, you attempt to contact medical control but do not have a signal from your cell phone. You should:
immediately load the patient into the ambulance, begin transport, and reattempt to contact medical control when you receive a cell signal.
administer epinephrine to the patient, begin immediate transport, and attempt to contact medical control en route to the hospital.
place her in a supine position, keep her warm, begin transport to the hospital, and request a paramedic intercept en route..
notify dispatch and request that a paramedic unit respond to the scene so they can administer epinephrine to the patient.
administer epinephrine to the patient, begin immediate transport, and attempt to contact medical control en route to the hospital.
- Aspirin is beneficial to patients suspected of having a heart attack because it:
prevents the aggregation of platelets.
dissolves the coronary artery clot..
causes direct coronary vasodilation.
reduces the associated chest pain.
prevents the aggregation of platelets.
- A 62-year-old male is seen with crushing chest pain, which he describes as being the same kind of pain that he had with a previous heart attack. He has prescribed nitroglycerin but states that he has not taken any. After administering supplemental oxygen, if needed, and contacting medical control, you should:
assist him with his nitroglycerin unless his systolic blood pressure is less than 100 mm Hg.
administer up to three doses of nitroglycerin before assessing his blood pressure.
administer the nitroglycerin unless he has taken Viagra within the past 72 hours.
begin immediate transport and request a rendezvous with a paramedic unit.
assist him with his nitroglycerin unless his systolic blood pressure is less than 100 mm Hg.
- Which of the following is an example of a trade (brand) name of a drug?
Tylenol
Nitroglycerin
Furosemide
Ibuprofen
Tylenol
- EMTS arrive at the scene of a patient who was “found down.” A family member states that she gave naloxone (Narcan) to the patient before the ambulance arrived. The EMTS should suspect that patient:
has a low blood glucose level.
has a history of allergic reactions.
overdosed on an opioid drug.
experienced a prolonged seizure.
overdosed on an opioid drug.
- Which of the following medication routes has the slowest rate of absorption?
Inhalation
Rectal
Oral
Sublingual
Oral
- For which of the following conditions is albuterol prescribed?
Asthma
Allergic reactions
Heart disease
Hypertension
Asthma
- Which of the following is an example of a rules-based medication error?
The EMT administers a drug that is not approved by the medical director:
The EMT administers a drug that is contraindicated for the patient.
The EMT administers the correct drug, but gives it by the wrong route.
The EMT accidentally gives a higher drug dose than what is indicated.
The EMT administers a drug that is not approved by the medical director:
- Which of the following clinical signs would necessitate the administration of naloxone (Narcan) in a suspected narcotic overdose?
Extreme agitation
Tachycardia.
Hypertension.
Slow respirations
Slow respirations
- Shortly after assisting a 55-year-old female with her prescribed nitroglycerin, she begins complaining of dizziness and experiences a drop of 30 mm Hg in her systolic blood pressure. The patient remains conscious and her breathing is adequate. You should:
transport her in a sitting position.
assist ventilations with a bag-valve mask.
wait 5 minutes and reassess her blood pressure.
place her in a supine position.
place her in a supine position.
- In ________ administration, you are administering medication to yourself or your partner.
patient-assisted
paramedic-administered
EMT-administered
peer-assisted
peer-assisted
- An example of an anti-inflammatory is:
Nitroglycerin.
Aspirin.
Narcan,
Oxygen.
Aspirin.
- Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of epinephrine?
Dilates passages in the lungs
Decreases heart rate and blood pressure
Secreted naturally by the adrenal glands)
Constricts the blood vessels
Decreases heart rate and blood pressure
- Which of the following medication routes delivers a drug through the skin over an extended period of time, such as a nitroglycerin or fentanyl patch?
Sublinguali
Transcutaneous
Subcutaneous
Intraosseous
Transcutaneous
- A medication with antagonistic properties is one that:
produces a cumulative effect when mixed with the same type of medication.
stimulates receptor sites and allows other chemicals to attach to them,
enhances the effects of another medication when given in a higher dose.
blocks receptor sites and prevents other chemicals from attaching to them.
stimulates receptor sites and allows other chemicals to attach to them,
- Which of the following statements regarding parenteral medications is correct?
Tylenol is an example of a parenteral medication because it is taken orally.
Compared to enteral medications, parenteral medications have fewer side effects.
Parenteral medications are absorbed more quickly than enteral medications.
Parenteral medications are absorbed by the body through the digestive system.
Parenteral medications are absorbed more quickly than enteral medications.
- Which of the following statements regarding glucose is correct?
Glucose is usually administered by the EMT via the intravenous route.
Glucose is a complex sugar that rapidly absorbs into the bloodstream.
Glucose is a simple sugar that is readily absorbed by the cells.
Glucose is given to patients who are suspected of being hyperglycemic.
Glucose is a simple sugar that is readily absorbed by the cells.
- A 49-year-old male with an extensive cardiac history presents with 2 hours of crushing chest pain and shortness of breath. He is pale and diaphoretic and tells you that he feels like he is going to die. His medications include: nitroglycerin, sildenafil (Viagra), and enalapril (Vasotec). His blood pressure is 140/90 mm Hg and his heart rate is 110 beats/min. In addition to administering supplemental oxygen if needed, you should:
obtain physician approval to give the nitroglycerin.
ask him if he took his Viagra within the past 24 hours.
place him in a supine position and transport at once.
administer one nitroglycerin and call medical control.
ask him if he took his Viagra within the past 24 hours.
