chapter 12

Question 1

define labour union.

Answer 1

Labour union (union): an officialy recognized association employee practising a similar trade or employed in the same company or industry who have joined together

Question 2

what is a collective bargaining agreement?

Answer 2

formal agreement between an employer and the union

Question 3

bargaining unit?

Answer 3

group of employees recognized by employer or board labour relations as appropriate for collective bargainin.

Question 4

what is a union substitution approach?

Answer 4

employers listen to employee needs so there is no need for them to unionize

Question 5

Canada’s labour law purposes:

Answer 5

1. provide a common set of rules for fair negotiations

2. protect the public interest by prevening the impact of labour disputes.

Question 6

Common LR legislation characteristics across Canada…

Answer 6

• procedures for certification of union
• collective agreement minimum of one year
• procedures must be followed before strike or lockout
• prohibition of strikes or lockouts during collective agreement
• dispute settled by arbitration
• prohibition of certain unfair practices
• establishment of a labour relations board

Question 7

3 types of union are:

Answer 7

1. type of worker eligible for membership
   - craft union: certain type of skills or trade
   - industrial union: all workers in a particular company or industry
2. Geographical scope
3. Labour congress affiliation
   CLC canadian labour congress -> 3 million affiliated union members
   CSN confédération syndicat nationaux
   AFL-CIO american federation labor and congess of industrial organizations

Question 8

As of 2010 __._% of canadian employees were unionized

Answer 8

As of 2010 31.5% of canadian employees were unionized

Question 9

what are the three significant issues that explain the slower degression in union membership in Canada?

Answer 9

1. global competition
2. Demographics
3. unionization of white collars

Question 10

The labour relation process

Answer 10

1. Desire for collective representation:
   - dissonance-based reason
   - Utility based reason (cost/benefits valuation)
   - Political/ideological reason
2. Union organizing campaign
3. Union recognition
4. Collective bargainings
5. Contract administration

Question 11

what are the 2 groups that are more likely to want to join an union?

Answer 11

• people age 60+

- black people

Question 12

Average hourly rate unionized _.__$ and non-unionized __.__$

Answer 12

Average hourly rate unionized 27.02$ and non-unionized 21.89$

Question 13

On average full time female unionized worker earned __% of male salary and part-time female earn __% more than male counter parts

Answer 13

On average full time female unionized worker earned 94% of male salary and part-time female 14% more than male counter parts

Question 14

5 Steps of union organizing campaign

Answer 14

1. Employee/union contact
2. Initial organizational meeting
3. formation of an in-house organizing commitee
4. The organizing campaign
5. The outcome

Question 15

authorization card?

Answer 15

authorization card: a card signed by an employee that indicates his or her willingness to have the union act as his or her representative for purposes of collective agreement

Question 16

What is certification?

Answer 16

certification: the procedure when a LRB declare that the union is the exclusive bargaining agent.

Question 17

Certification process for unionization

Answer 17

• automatic certification if support from employees (50+%) or unfair practices by employer
• Representation vote if not majority but still some support from employees (25-45% acceptance)

Question 18

pre-hearing vote definition:

Answer 18

an alternative mechanism used if employer is unfair.

Question 19

define decertification…

Answer 19

decertification: the process whereby a union is legally deprived of its official recognition as the exclusive bargaining agent. if more than 1 year of negociation or unsatisfactory negociation

Question 20

steps to collective bargaining process

Answer 20

1. Preparation for bargaining
2. Face to face negotiations
3. obtaining approval
   possible additional steps:
   - third party assistance required for all jurisdictions except saskatchewan
   - strike/lockout if impass in nego

Question 21

what is distributive bargaining?

Answer 21

distributive bargaining: win-lose situation

Question 22

what is Integrative bargaining?

Answer 22

integrative bargaining: negociation strategy in which win-win, win-lose and lose win is possible. win-win will depend on mutual trust and problem solving.

Question 23

what is mutual gains (interest gains)?

Answer 23

win-win negotiating approach

Question 24

define a memorandum of settlement

Answer 24

memorandum of settlement: a summary of the terms and conditions approved by both parties and submitted to final approval.

Question 25

Define ratification?

Answer 25

ratification: formal approval by secret-ballot vote of the bargaining agreement negotiated between union and management

Question 26

what is Conciliation vs mediation?

Answer 26

conciliation: no involvement of the third party meditation: direct input in the process to help reach an agreement

Question 27

explain boycott.

Answer 27

boycott: refusal to buy the company products

Question 28

define wildcat strike.

Answer 28

wildcat strike: spontaneous walkout not officialy sanctioned, may or may not be legal.

Question 29

Union security/checkoff clause?

Answer 29

- closed shop (obligation to be union member) - union shop (join the day they start working. - modified union shop - maintenance of membership - Rand formula (all employees pay union dues)

Question 30

what is a grievance?

Answer 30

grievance: a written allegation of a contract violation filed by individual or union.