Chapter 13/14 Deck

Question 1

0.2 mg equals:

Answer 1

200 mcg

Question 2

Hypotonic solutions:

Answer 2

Hydrate the cells while depleting the vascular compartment

Question 3

If a 10-mL vial contains 1 mg of a drug, how many mg/mL are present?

Answer 3

0.1

Question 4

If you give a medication via the oral route in the prehospital setting, you should give it early because:

Answer 4

Absorption via this route is slow

Question 5

If you receive a medication order from online medical control that seems inappropriate to you should:

Answer 5

Ask the physician to repeat and clarify the order

Question 6

In contrast to an antiseptic, a disinfectant is:

Answer 6

Toxic to living tissues and should never be used on a patient

Question 7

Intraosseous (IO) infusion is a technique of administering IV fluids and medications into:

Answer 7

The IO space of a long bone

Question 8

IO cannulation is contraindicated in what situation?

Answer 8

Bilateral knee replacements

Question 9

It is most important to exercise caution when administering isotonic solutions to patients with:

Answer 9

Hypertension and congestive heart failure

Question 10

Medical asepsis is defined as:

Answer 10

The practice of preventing contamination of the patient

Question 11

Medical control orders and infusion of 1 L of normal saline over 4 hours during a long-distance transport. You have a 1,000-mL bag of normal saline and a macrodrip administration set that allows 10 gtts/mL. At how many gtts/min will you set the IV flow rate?

Answer 11

42

Question 12

Medical controls order you to administer 500mL of normal saline over 1 hour to your patient. You have a macrodrip administration set that allows 15 gtts/mL and an 18-gauge catheter in the patient’s antecubital vein. At how many gtts/min should you set the IV flow rate?

Answer 12

125

Question 13

Medication routes, from slowest to fastest rates of absorption, are:

Answer 13

Subcutaneous, Intramuscular, Sublingual, Inhalation, Intravenous

Question 14

Once and IV solution is removed from its protective sterile plastic bag, it must be used:

Answer 14

Within 24 hours

Question 15

Once D5W is infused into the body:

Answer 15

The body metabolizes the dextrose quickly and the solution becomes hypotonic

Question 16

Pyrogenic reactions can be largely avoided by:

Answer 16

Inspecting the IV solution carefully before use

Question 17

Regardless of the technique you use to start an IV, you should always:

Answer 17

Keep the beveled side of the catheter up during insertion and maintain adequate traction on the vein during cannulation

Question 18

Signs and symptoms of circulatory overload include:

Answer 18

Hypertension

Question 19

The purpose of Volutrol (Buretrol) administration set is to:

Answer 19

Avoid inadvertent fluid overload

Question 20

The use of O-negative blood in the prehospital setting cannot be challenging because:

Answer 20

It requires refrigeration

Question 21

To administer a drug, you must know the weight of the drug that is present in:

Answer 21

1mL

Question 22

To avoid inadvertently cannulating an artery, you should:

Answer 22

Always check for a pulse in any vessel you intend to cannulate

Question 23

Medication X is given to increase the effects of medication Y, which provides more relief than if medication Y were given alone. This is an example of:

Answer 23

Potentiation

Question 24

Stimulation of beta2 receptors will cause:

Answer 24

Bronchodilation

Question 25

The therapeutic index of a medication is defined as the:

Answer 25

Difference between the median effective dose and the median toxic dose

Question 26

What is the purpose of the Pregnancy and Lactation Labeling Rule (PLLR)?

Answer 26

To better assist clinicians in assessing benefit versus risk and in subsequent concealing of pregnant and nursing individuals who need to take medication

Question 27

When a medication alters the velocity of the conduction of electricity through the heart, it is said to have which type of effect?

Answer 27

Dromotropic

Question 28

What is a correct statement regarding pharamacology

Answer 28

Pharamacology knowledge is constantly evolving based on consumer knowledge of disease prevention

Question 29

An intradermal injection places medication:

Answer 29

Just below the skin

Question 30

If given by endotracheal tube, you should administer how many times the intravenous or intraosseous dose of a drug?

Answer 30

2 to 2.5

Question 31

The basic SI unit for length

Answer 31

Meter

Question 32

To provide fluids to a 250-pound (113-kg) man, you should use an IV catheter that is at least which size?

Answer 32

18-gauge

Question 33

What drug, when ordered, should make the paramedic immediately think of the sublingual route?

Answer 33

Nitroglycerin

Question 34

What piece of equipment is needed to administer albuterol?

Answer 34

Nebulizer

Question 35

When preparing an injection site with an alcohol prep, you should:

Answer 35

Allow the site to dry before injecting

Question 36

Which is a buccal drug?

Answer 36

Glucose gel

Question 37

You are administering an intramuscular injection of 5 mL of antibiotic to a patient. Where could this be placed?

Answer 37

Thigh

Question 38

Compared to schedule III drugs, schedule IV drugs:

Answer 38

Have a lower abuse potential and include medications such a as diazepam and lorazepam

Question 39

Patients taking ACE inhibitor medications may experience:

Answer 39

A chronic, dry cough

Question 40

The physical, emotional, or behavioral need for a medication to maintain a certain level of "normal" function is called:

Answer 40

Dependence

Question 41

The term affinity, as it applies to pharmacology, is defined as the:

Answer 41

Ability of a medication to bind to a receptor

Question 42

What class of medication is typically used to control the heart rate in patients with atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter?

Answer 42

Calcium channel blocker

Question 43

Which form of medication can be described as a sterile solution for direct injection into a body cavity, tissue, or organ?

Answer 43

Parenteral solution

Question 44

During IV therapy, the presence of shortness of breath and cyanosis despite administration of high-flow oxygen should make you most suspicious for:

Answer 44

An air embolus

Question 45

If a manually inserted IO needle is placed properly in an adult, it should:

Answer 45

Rest at a 90o angle to the bone

Question 46

What is a danger, due to the route of administration, that comes with administering a parenteral drug?

Answer 46

Cellulitis

Question 47

When administering a drug via the rectal route, approximately how many inches should you insert the suppository into the rectum?

Answer 47

1 to 1.5 inches

Question 48

When selecting a vein for cannulation, you should avoid areas of the vein that:

Answer 48

Pass over joints

Question 49

What has been added to a blood tube with a light blue top?

Answer 49

Sodium citrate

Question 50

What has been added to a blood tube with a red top?

Answer 50

Nothing

Question 51

What is an example of a peripheral vein?

Answer 51

Saphenous vein

Question 52

A blood tube with a lavender stopper top used to collect blood for what tests?

Answer 52

Hemoglobin Sedimentation rate

Question 53

A medication is called an antagonist if:

Answer 53

It inhibits or counteracts effects produced by other drugs

Question 54

A medication that possesses a negative chronotropic effect will:

Answer 54

Decrease the heart rate

Question 55

A patient receives several doses of the same drug within a short time, after which point the medication does not relieve his symptoms. What has most likely occurred?

Answer 55

Tachyphylaxis

Question 56

1cc is equal to how many milliliters?

Answer 56

1mL

Question 57

1mg is equal to how many micrograms?

Answer 57

1,000

Question 58

100mL is equal to:

Answer 58

0.1L

Question 59

A 130-lb patient weighs how many kilograms?

Answer 59

59

Question 60

A 60-year-old woman with a cute chest discomfort requires 0.4mg of sublingual nitroglycerin. Prior to administering the medication, you should:

Answer 60

Ask her if she wears a transdermal nitroglycerin patch

Question 61

A common cause of over hydration is:

Answer 61

Kidney failure

Question 62

A drug that is contraindicated for a particular patient:

Answer 62

Should not be administered to the patient

Question 63

A hypertonic solution has an osmolarity higher than that of serum, meaning that the solution:

Answer 63

Has more ionic concentration than serum and pulls fluid and electrolytes from the intracellular and interstitial compartments into the intravascular compartment

Question 64

A hypoglycemic patient requires IV dextrose. Medical control orders you to administer 25mL. You have a prefilled syringe of 50% dextrose that contains 25g/50mL. How much dextrose will you give?

Answer 64

12.5

Question 65

A microdrip administration set:

Answer 65

Delivers 1mL for every 60 drops

Question 66

A prefilled syringe of lidocaine contains 100mg/5mL of volume. How many milligrams per milliliter (mg/mL) are present in the syringe?

Answer 66

20

Question 67

A vasovagal reaction is the result of:

Answer 67

Dilation of the vasculature

Question 68

After attaching the prepared IV line to the hub of the IV catheter and removing the constricting band, you should:

Answer 68

Open the IV line and observe for swelling or infiltration

Question 69

After inserting an 18-gauge over-the-needle catheter into the hand vein of a 30-year-old woman and securing the IV line in place, you note edema at the catheter site despite continued flow of the IV. The woman complains of pain and tightness around the IV site. You should:

Answer 69

Recognize that infiltration has occurred and immediately discontinue the IV

Question 70

After inserting the needle during an intramuscular injection, but before delivering the medication you should:

Answer 70

Pull back on the plunger to aspirate for blood

Question 71

After observing a flash of blood in the IV catheter's flash chamber, you should:

Answer 71

Immediately drop the angle of the catheter to about 15 degrees and advance the catheter a few more centimeters

Question 72

Although medications that are used for maintenance infusions are commonly premixed and prepackaged, you must still:

Answer 72

Be aware of the concentration of the drug in the premixed solution

Question 73

Arteriovenous (AV) fistulas are used for individuals with which disorder?

Answer 73

Myasthenia gravis

Question 74

Colloid solutions:

Answer 74

Contain proteins that are too large to pass out of the capillary membranes, so the solutions remain in the vascular compartment

Question 75

Compared with enterally administered medications, parenterally administered medications:

Answer 75

Are absorbed into the central circulation at a more predictable rate