Chapter 15: Part I (Brain)

Question 1

What are the major regions of the brain?

Answer 1

• Cerebrum
• Diencephalon
• Brainstem
• Cerebellum

Question 2

____________ the are folds on the brain

Answer 2

Gyri

Question 3

__________ are the depressions on the brain

Answer 3

Sulci

Question 4

_________ & ________ are the key to brain power

Answer 4

Gyri & Sulci

Question 5

What is gray matter?

Answer 5

Its unmyelinated axons, cell bodies

Question 6

What is white matter?

Answer 6

Myelinated axons

Question 7

___________ are the wrappings around the brain & central nervous system & protect the brain

Answer 7

Meninges

Question 8

What are the 3 layers of the meninges?

Answer 8

1. Pia mater
2. Arachnoid mater
3. Dura mater

Question 9

___________ is innermost mater of the meningies

Answer 9

Pia mater

Question 10

___________is the outermost mater of the meninges

Answer 10

Dura mater

Question 11

__________ if the toughest out of the all the layer in the meninges

Answer 11

Dura mater

Question 12

What are the large spaces in the dura mater called?

Answer 12

Dural venus sinuses

Question 13

___________ is the middle layer mater

Answer 13

Arachnoid mater

Question 14

The arachnoid mater contains ____________

Answer 14

trabeculae

Question 15

_________ are neural tubes within the brain

Answer 15

Cavities

Question 16

What are the 4 types of brain ventricles?

Answer 16

1. Lateral ventricles
2. Third ventricle
3. Cerebral aqueduct
4. Fourth ventricle

Question 17

The third ventricle contains __________

Answer 17

Diencephalon

Question 18

The fourth ventricle contains _____________

Answer 18

Pon & the cerebellum

Question 19

Ventricles are filled with ______________

Answer 19

Cerebrospinal fluid

Question 20

What is the functions of the cerebrospinal fluid?

Answer 20

• Reduces the weight of the brain (buoyancy)
• Physical cushioning
• Nutrients & wastes
• Environment

Question 21

The cerebrospinal fluid is produced inside ___________ which are also inside ventricles

Answer 21

Choroid plexus

Question 22

Choroid plexus is made up of _________ & ____________

Answer 22

Capillaries & ependymal cells

Question 23

Cerebrospinal fluid is able to circulate inside the brain due to ______________-

Answer 23

Arachnoid granulations

Question 24

What are the 3 small pathways used to circulate the cerebrospinal fluid?

Answer 24

1. Median aperture
2. two Lateral aperture

Question 25

_____________ is the conduction when cerebrospinal fluid can't circulate inside the brain

Answer 25

Hydrocephalus (causes fetus heads to expand)

Question 26

_____________ is used for most of the complex functions of the brain such as conscious motor & sensory processing

Answer 26

Cerebrum

Question 27

The cerebrum is divided into left & right hemispheres that are divided by the __________

Answer 27

Longitudinal fissure

Question 28

The outer layer of the cerebral cortex is made up of ____________

Answer 28

Gray matter

Question 29

The cerebral cortex is divdived into lobes & what are those lobes?

Answer 29

- Frontal lobe - Parietal lobe - Occipital lobe - Temporal lobe - Insula

Question 30

The brain has some localized function where you can point at a part of the brain know know what that part does & also has diffuses functions such as what?

Answer 30

Memory & language

Question 31

___________ is used in decision-making, our personality & voluntary motor (such are primary motor cortex)

Answer 31

Frontal lobe

Question 32

The parietal lobe contains _______________

Answer 32

postcentral gyrus

Question 33

Our postcentral gyrus contains what?

Answer 33

- Somatosensory cortex - Conscious senses - Sensory homunculus

Question 34

_________ lobe contains the auditory association area (where sound memory) & contains our primary olfactory cortex (used for smell)

Answer 34

Temporal lobe

Question 35

_________ contains primary gustatory cortex (which is responsible for taste) & also the emotional responses/ empathy

Answer 35

Insula

Question 36

___________ lobe contains primary visual cortex & visual association area

Answer 36

Occipital lobe

Question 37

Deep in the cerebral cortex & in the white matter got _________ which contain the pineal gland

Answer 37

Diencephalon

Question 38

What does the pineal gland do?

Answer 38

It contains melatonin & controls circadian rhythms

Question 39

__________ is used as a filter of sensory information & only sends some information to the somatosensory cortex

Answer 39

Thalamus

Question 40

Wher e is the hypothalamus located?

Answer 40

Between the thalamus & pituitary

Question 41

What are the different functions of the hypothalamus?

Answer 41

- Body temp regulation - Emotional behavior control - Food & water intake regulation - Circadian rhythms -Autonomic & endocrine system master control

Question 42

___________ is a stem inferior to the Diencephalon & contains the cerebral peduncles

Answer 42

Midbrain

Question 43

The cerebral peduncles are _________

Answer 43

Motor tracts

Question 44

_________ is involved in visual & auditory processing

Answer 44

Tectum

Question 45

What are the types of colliculi that are in the tectum & involved in visual & auditory processing?

Answer 45

- Superior colliculi - Inferior colliculi

Question 46

Super colliculi is involved in visual reflex & tracks __________

Answer 46

Moving objects

Question 47

Inferior colliculi is involved in auditory reflex & tracks _____________

Answer 47

tracks sound

Question 48

_________ are the bulging region anterior on the brainstem

Answer 48

Pons

Question 49

What are the functions of the Pons?

Answer 49

Controls parts of skeletal muscle breathing control

Question 50

Pons connect to what region on the brain?

Answer 50

Cerebellum

Question 51

Pons contains which cranial nerves?

Answer 51

5, 6, 7, & 8

Question 52

________- is posterior to the brainstem

Answer 52

Cerebellum

Question 53

What are the functions of the Cerebellum?

Answer 53

Involved in fine motor control such as motor coordination & balance

Question 54

___________ is the inferior portion of the brainstem

Answer 54

Medulla oblongata

Question 55

Alot of the medulla oblongata is made up of __________ which are tract from the spinal cord to the rest of the brain

Answer 55

White matter

Question 56

The gray matter in the medulla is important for what?

Answer 56

Autonomic vital functions such as respirations, heart rate/strength & blood pressure

Question 57

Medulla oblongata is the source for which cranial nerves?

Answer 57

7- 12