Chapter 16, 17, & 18 Flashcards by nana Adusepoku

What are the steps in preparation of action?

Energy from glycogen
increased muscie tonas
increased heart rate
Inhibition of non- ertical systems

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Parasympathetic Division does what?

Brings body to homeostasis

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What are the 4 types of the Preganglionic Motor Neurons?

Origins
Vagus Nerve (CN X)
Axons not branched
Synapse

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What are the two ganglia in the synapse?

Terminal ganglia
Intramural ganglia

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Terminal ganglia is __________ to an organ

Close to organ

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Intramural ganglia is _______ organ

Inside organ

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Postganglionic Motor Neurons are ________ pathways

Short

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What are the Preganglionic Motor Neurons?

Thoracolumbar (& sacral) origin
Autonomic ganglion

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What is the location Sympathetic Trunk Ganglia?

Lateral to vetebral column

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Sympathetic Trunk Ganglia is linked to what?

Rami communicates

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Prevertebral Ganglia is unpaired, anterior to vertebrae, contains unpaired branches of aorta, and is _____________ ganglia

Sympathetic

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Postganglionic Motor Neurons are ____________ pathways

Long

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The Sympathetic Division is involved in Mass Activation and responsible for our _____________ response

Flight or fight response

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What type of sensory is in the Autonomic Nervous System?

Visceral sensory

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What are the two types of Autonomic Motor Neurons?

Preganglionic neuron
Autonomic Ganalion
Postganglionic Neuron

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Autonomic Nervous System has what two types of cells?

Preganglionic cells
Postganglionic cells

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Why does it have two types of cells?

more connections

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Why does it have two types of cells?

more connections

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What is the function Sympathetic Division?

prepares body for emergencies

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Sciatic Nerve innervates what part of the body and what type of branches?

posterior thigh, leg, foot and contains Tibial nerve as its braches

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Our reflexes Rapid, ___________ reactions and typically protective by bypassing complies processing. It also contains the reflex arc

involuntary

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What is the definition of Reflex Arc?

Neural Pathway of a single reflex

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What are the roots in the Lumbar Plexus?

L1 -L4

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Lumbar Plexus innverates what?

Lower Limb and inferior abdominou wall

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What nerve is in the lumbar plexus?

Femoral nerve

What is the femoral nerve motor & sensory functions?

Motor: Anterior thigh musches Sensory: Cutaneous thign à medial leg

Sacral Plexus is located __________

Anterior to sacrum In true peivis

Sacral Plexus innverates what and it's Innervation happen where?

Innverates Peivis and Perineum it's innervation occur at Anterior neck muscles, Skin of neck head, and shoulders

What type of nerve is in the Sacral Plexus?

Phrenic nerves (C3, C4, C5)

What is the destination of Phrenic nerves?

pericardium & diaphragm

Brachial Plexus innervations occur where?

upper limb and pectoral girdle

What type of nerves are in the Brachial Plexus?

Terminal Nerves

The Terminal Nerves contains what three types of sub nerves?

1. Musculocutaneous n. 2. Median n. 3. Ulnar n.

What is the clinical example of brachial plexus?

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (Median n. And Carpal Tunne and has 1 Coccygeal)

What are Dermatomes?

Segment of skin innervated by a spiral nerve

Dermatomes can be mapped how?

Nerve clamage

What is the clinical example of Dermatomes?

Heart attack (T1-Ts dermatome)

What is the definition of Nerve Plexuses?

neurons from multiple spinal nerves

How does the nerve plexuses minimize damage?

Total innervation loss to an organ /muscle requires damage to multipie segments

_________ plexus is located in the neck and it's vaccine was created in 1950

Cervical Plexus

What are the roots of the Cervical Plexus?

C1-C4

How is the spinal nerve branches positioned?

Lateral to Intervertebral Foramen

What are the 3 parts to the spinal nerve branches?

1. Rami 2. Anterior rami 3. Rami communicates

Ram contains _________ which is thin & contains skin & deep muscles associated w/ vertebrae

Posterior rami

_________ ram is large & associates with most structures such as Trunk, Limbs, etc

Anterior rami

___________ is part of the spinal nerve branches and associated with autonomic nervous system

Rami communicates

What is the destination of the Rami communicates?

Sympathetic trunk gargila

What is the Distribution of Spinal Nerves?

• 8 Cervical • 12 Thoracic • 5 Lumbar • 5 Sacral

Gray Matter contains what type of horns?

1. Posterior Horns 2. Anterior Horns

What type of tissue does posterior horn has?

Sensory neurons

What type of tissue does anterior horn has?

motor neurons

__________ are autonomic motor neurons

Lateral Horns

How many pairs are within the spinal nerve?

31 pairs

What type of roots are in the spinal nerve?

1. Posterior (Dorsal) Root 2. Anterior Root

What is the description of the posterior (dorsal) root?

Sensory axons onIy

___________ ganglion is is located in the posterior (dorsal) root

Dorsal root

What is the description of the dorsal root ganglion?

Cell badies of sensory neurons

_______ are just axons of motor neurons and contain Cell bodies in anterior horn of gray matter

Anterior Root

What is a clinical examples of spinal nerve ?

Polio

What are some aspects of Polio?

• Gastrointestinal disease • Passed through fecal matter • Secondarily causes paralysis

Polio occurs in __________ individuals and also causes meningitis and attacks ventral horn neurons

Older

_________ is the Brain -body link but is also independent from the brain

Spinal cord

The spinal cord is from skull to ______ in adults

What is the location of the spinal cord?

Vetebral canal

What are the structures in the spinal cord?

1. Conus Medullaris 2. Cauda Equna 3. Filum Terminale

What is the description of Conus Medullaris?

End of spinal cord

What is the location of the End of spinal cord?

Tapering to point

What is the definition of Cauda Equina?

Horses tail

What is the composition of Cauda Equina?

Nerve root

What is the function of the Filum Terminale?

Anchors spinal cord to coccyx

_________ is a Continuation of cranial meninges

Meninges

What are the different parts of the meninges?

- Epidural space - Dura mater - Subdural space - Arachnoid mater - Subarachnoid space - Pia mater

What are the feature & function of the Pia mater?

Feature: denticulate ligaments Function: Support spinal cord

_________ is located in Subarachnoid space, between vertebrae, flexed vertebral column (L3 & L4 or L4 & L5)

Lumbar Puncture (Spinal Tap)

What is the reasoning for why the Lumbar Puncture (Spinal Tap) is located where it is?

Least likelihood of damage - Cauda equina

What is the purpose of the Lumbar Puncture (Spinal Tap)?

Sample CSF

What are the contents of the central canal?

Contains CSF and remnant of embryonic nebral canal

Chapter 16, 17, & 18 Flashcards

(77 cards)