Air Quality
decrease 57% for acid rain (scrubbers in smoke stacks)
stratospheric ozone no change
urban air quality- ground level ozone ^3%
decrease 30% NOx- due to better gas, engines, more hybrids
Automobile use decrease 10% (using public transport more often)
Climate Change
GHG ^17%
-Canada is losing its reputation on an international level
Copenhagan target is 607 Mt of carbon in the air
Why is it so hard to fight emissions?
carbon offset- offer to pay another country to decrease its carbon output so we can stay the same
-lots of politics
Canada is…
1st country to withdraw from Kyoto Protocol
1st country to ever pull out of anti-desertification protocol
Water Quality
- municipal water use decrease 16% (due to more efficient appliances & monitoring)
- water treatment increase 29% (for at least secondary treatment)
Biodiversity
+47% increase in protected areas from 1990 to 2011
ex) fisher is now back in the protected area
- slow move on marine protected areas
Sector Industries
forest level of protection +30%
days of agriculture soils left unprotected +20% increase in protection of soils
energy -3% with energy efficiency
national energy consumption is up 23.1% 1990-2009
Newfoundland
waste management
Nova Scotia
water consumption, sewage, LRTAP, Sydney Tar Ponds
PEI
soil erosions, ocean levels rising, loses 3 feet of shoreline per year
New Brunswick
population, water quality, air quality
Ontario
water quality, waste management, emissions
Quebec
contaminant reduction (whales), public water
Manitoba
climate change, water quality, flooding
Saskatchewan
water quality, drought (positive feedback loop)
Alberta
climate change, drought, oil and gas byproducts
BC
population, water quality, emissions, soil erosion, clear cutting
Northern Canada
climate change, biodiversity, resource exploitation
Future Challenges
- sustainable use of biological resources
- incentives: laws vs peer pressure, threats vs. incentives
- management: combination of narrow and broad
- population growth
Housing trends in the USA
- average house size=38% larger in 2005 than 1975
- size of household has decreased 2.6ppl/house
of vehicles manufactured in 2012
84.1 million
Millenium Development Goals
1: eradicate extreme hunger and poverty
2: achieve universal primary education
3: promote gener equality and empower women
4: reduce child mortality
5: improve maternal health
6: Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria, and other diseases
7: ensure environmental sustainability
8: Develop a Global partnership for development
- all tie into sustainable development
Some successes of Millennium Goals
extreme poverty decrease fro 1/3 to 1/5 1990-1994
- extreme poverty rate in sub-Saharan Africa has levelled off and rate has declined
- more children in school in developing world
- increase participation of women in politics (slowly)
- decline in child mortality (globally)
- Control of malaria (will get worse with climate change)
- TB on decline
Challenges
- international agreements (Canada is not doing well)
- Environmental protection- enviro budgets first thing to be cut during recession
- consumption
- nature deficit disorder- need education
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Chapter 134
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Chapter 287
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Chapter 359
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Chapter 425
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Chapter 5 & 660
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Chapter 7- Climate Change26
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Chapter 8- oceans and fisheries54
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Chapter 9- Forests48
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Chapter 10- Agriculture40
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Chapter 11- Water43
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Chapter 12- Minerals and Energy40
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Chapter 13- Urban Enviro Management16
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Chapter 14- Endangered Species24
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Chapter 15- Protected Areas35
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Chapter 16- Making it Happen29
