Chapter 2 Flashcards by Alexandra Tagg

cell

full word 🟫

the smallest unit of the body capable of independent existence

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conception

full word 🟫

fertilization of the egg by sperm to form a zygote

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cytology

full word 🟫

study of the cell

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cytologist

full word 🟫

specialist in the structure, chemistry, and pathology of the cell

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-logy

suffix 🟦

study of

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cyt/o

root 🟥 (vowel makes it a combining form 🟪)

cell

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-logist

suffix 🟦

one who studies

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fertilization

full word 🟫

union of a male sperm and a female egg

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fertilize

full word 🟫

penetration of the egg by sperm

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in vitro

full word 🟫

combining a sperm and eggs in a laboratory dish and placing resulting embryos inside a uterus

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-ation

suffix 🟦

process

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fertiliz-

root 🟥

to make fruitful

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organ

full word 🟫

structure with specific functions in a body

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organelle

full word 🟫

part of a cell having specialized functions

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organism

full word 🟫

any whole living, individual plant or animal

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-elle

suffix 🟦

small

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-ism

suffix 🟦

condition, process

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organ-

root 🟥

organ

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tissue

full word 🟫

collection of similar cells

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zygote

full word 🟫

cell resulting froom the union of sperm and egg

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anabolism

full word 🟫

the buildup of complex substances in the cell from simpler ones as a part of metabolism

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anabol-

root 🟥

build up

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catabolism

full word 🟫

the breakdown of complex substances into simpler ones as a part of metabolism

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catabol-

root 🟥

break down

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chromosome ## Footnote full word 🟫

body in the nucleus that contains DNA and genes

-some ## Footnote suffix 🟦

body

chrom/o ## Footnote root 🟥 (vowel makes it a combining form 🟪)

color

cytoplasam ## Footnote full word 🟫

clear, gelantinous substance that forms the substance of a cell (except for the nucleus)

-plasam ## Footnote suffix 🟦

something formed

deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) ## Footnote full word 🟫

source of hereditary characteristics found in chromosomes

electrolyte ## Footnote full word 🟫

substance that, when dissolved in a suitable medium, form electricall charged particles

-lyte ## Footnote suffix 🟦

soluble

electr/o ## Footnote root 🟥 (vowel makes it a combining form 🟪)

electricity

hormone ## Footnote full word 🟫

chemical formed in one tissue or organ and carried by the blood to stimulate or inhibit a function of another tissue or organ

hormonal ## Footnote full word 🟫

pertaining to a hormone

-al ## Footnote suffix 🟦

pertaining to

hormon ## Footnote root 🟥

hormone

intracellular ## Footnote full word 🟫

within the cell

-ar ## Footnote suffix 🟦

pertaining to

intra ## Footnote prefix 🟩

within

-cellul- ## Footnote root 🟥

small cell

lipid ## Footnote full word 🟫

general term for all types of fatty compounds

membrane ## Footnote full word 🟫

thin layer of tissue covering a structure or cavity

membranous ## Footnote full word 🟫

pertaining to a membrane

-ous ## Footnote suffix 🟦

pertaining to

membran ## Footnote root 🟥

cover, skin

metabolism ## Footnote full word 🟫

the constantly changing physical and chemical processes occuring in the cell that are the sum of anabolism and catabolism

metabolic ## Footnote full word 🟫

pertaining to metabolism

metabol- ## Footnote root 🟥

change

-ic ## Footnote suffix 🟦

pertaining to

mitochondria (mitochondrion, sg) ## Footnote full word 🟫

organelles that generate, store, and release energy for cell activites

-ion ## Footnote suffix 🟦

condition

-ia ## Footnote suffix 🟦

condition

mit/o ## Footnote root 🟥 (vowel makes it a combining form 🟪)

thread

chondr- ## Footnote root 🟥

granule

nucleolus ## Footnote full word 🟫

small mass within the nucleus

-lus ## Footnote suffix 🟦

small

nucle/o ## Footnote root 🟥 (vowel makes it a combining form 🟪)

nucleus

nucleus ## Footnote full word 🟫

functional center of a cell or structure

nuclear ## Footnote full word 🟫

pertaining to a nucleus

protein ## Footnote full word 🟫

class of food substances based on amino acids

ribonucleic acid ## Footnote full word 🟫

the information carrier from DNA in the nucleus to an organelle to produce protein molecules

steroid ## Footnote full word 🟫

large family of chemical substances found in many drugs, horomones, and body components

-oid ## Footnote suffix 🟦

resembling

ster- ## Footnote root 🟥

solid

ribo ## Footnote prefix 🟩

from ribosee, a sugar

arthroscopy ## Footnote full word 🟫

visual examination of the interior of a joint

connective tissue ## Footnote full word 🟫

the supporting tissue of the body

cruciate ## Footnote full word 🟫

shaped like a cross

graft ## Footnote full word 🟫

transplantation of living tissue

histology ## Footnote full word 🟫

study of the structure and function of cells, tissues, and organs

histologist ## Footnote full word 🟫

specialist in the structure and function of cells, tissues, and organs

ligament ## Footnote full word 🟫

band of fibrous tissue connecting two structures

meniscus ## Footnote full word 🟫

disc of cartilage between the bones of a joint

muscle ## Footnote full word 🟫

a tissue consisting of contractile cells

patella (patellae, pl) ## Footnote full word 🟫

thin, circular bone embedded in the patellar tendon in the front of the knee joint

patellar ## Footnote full word 🟫

pertaining to the patella

therapy ## Footnote full word 🟫

systematic treatment of a disease, dysfunction, or disorder

therapeutic ## Footnote full word 🟫

relating to the treatment of a disease or disorder

therapist ## Footnote full word 🟫

professional trained in the practice of a perticular therapy

-scopy ## Footnote suffix 🟦

to examine, to view

-ive ## Footnote suffix 🟦

pertaining to

-ist ## Footnote suffix 🟦

specialist

arthr/o ## Footnote root 🟥 (vowel makes it a combining form 🟪)

joint

connect- ## Footnote root 🟥

join together

hist/o ## Footnote root 🟥 (vowel makes it a combining form 🟪)

tissue

patell- ## Footnote root 🟥

patella

therapeut- ## Footnote root 🟥

treatment

therap- ## Footnote root 🟥

treatment

capsule ## Footnote full word 🟫

fibrous tissue layer surrounding a joint or other structure

capsular ## Footnote full word 🟫

pertaining to a fibrous tissue layer surrounding a joint or other structure

cartilage ## Footnote full word 🟫

nonvascular, firm connective tissue found mostly in joints

collagen ## Footnote full word 🟫

major protein of connective tissue, cartilage, and bone

matrix ## Footnote full word 🟫

substance that surround and protects cells, is manufactured by the cells, and holds them together

nutrient ## Footnote full word 🟫

a substance in food required for normal physiologic function

periosteum ## Footnote full word 🟫

fibrous membrane covering a bone

synovial ## Footnote full word 🟫

pertaining to the synovial membrane or fluid

tendon ## Footnote full word 🟫

fibrous band that connects muscle to bone

capsul- ## Footnote root 🟥

box

nutri- ## Footnote root 🟥

nourish

-oste- ## Footnote root 🟥

bone

coll/a- ## Footnote root 🟥 (vowel makes it a combining form 🟪)

glue

-ov- ## Footnote root 🟥 (vowel makes it a combining form 🟪)

egg

-gen ## Footnote suffix 🟦

produce, form

-ent ## Footnote suffix 🟦

end result

-um ## Footnote suffix 🟦

tissue

-ial ## Footnote suffix 🟦

pertaining to

peri- ## Footnote prefix 🟩

around

syn- ## Footnote prefix 🟩

together

cardiovascular ## Footnote full word 🟫

pertaining to the heart and blood vessels

digestion ## Footnote full word 🟫

breakdown of food into elements suitable for cell metabolism

digestive ## Footnote full word 🟫

pertaining to digestion

endocrine ## Footnote full word 🟫

a gland that produces an interal or hormonal substance

homeostasis ## Footnote full word 🟫

maintaining the stability of a system or the body's internal environment

integument ## Footnote full word 🟫

organ system that covers the body, the skin beinf the main organ within the system

integumentary ## Footnote full word 🟫

pertaining to the covering of the body

lymph ## Footnote full word 🟫

clear fluid collected from body tissuees and transported by the lymph vessels to the venous circulation

lymphatic ## Footnote full word 🟫

pertaining to the lymph or lymphatic system

nervous ## Footnote full word 🟫

pertaining to a nerve or the nervous system

nervous system ## Footnote full word 🟫

the whole, integrated nerve apparatus

respiration ## Footnote full word 🟫

process of breathing, fundamental process of life used to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide

respiratory ## Footnote full word 🟫

pertaining to respiration

skeleton ## Footnote full word 🟫

the bony framework of the body

skeletal ## Footnote full word 🟫

pertaining to the skeleton

urinary ## Footnote full word 🟫

pertaining to urine

-statis ## Footnote suffix 🟦

standstill, control

-ary ## Footnote suffix 🟦

pertaining to

-atic ## Footnote suffix 🟦

pertaining to

-atory ## Footnote suffix 🟦

pertaining to

cardi/o- ## Footnote root 🟥 (vowel makes it a combining form 🟪)

heart

vascul- ## Footnote root 🟥

blood vessel

digest- ## Footnote root 🟥

break down food

-crine ## Footnote root 🟥

to secrete

home/o ## Footnote root 🟥 (vowel makes it a combining form 🟪)

the same

integument- ## Footnote root 🟥

covering of the body

lymph ## Footnote root 🟥 (vowel makes it a combining form 🟪)

lymph, lymphatic system

nerv- ## Footnote root 🟥

nerve

respir- ## Footnote root 🟥

to breathe

skelet- ## Footnote root 🟥

skeleton

urin- ## Footnote root 🟥

urine

endo- ## Footnote prefix 🟩

within

anatomy ## Footnote full word 🟫

study of the structures of the human body

anatomical ## Footnote full word 🟫

pertaining to anatomy

anterior ## Footnote full word 🟫

the front surface of the body, situated in front

caudal ## Footnote full word 🟫

pertaining to or nearer the tailbone

cephalic ## Footnote full word 🟫

pertaining to or nearer to the head

coronal ## Footnote full word 🟫

pertaining to the vertical plane dividing the body into anterior and posterior portions

distal ## Footnote full word 🟫

situated away from the center of the body

dorsal ## Footnote full word 🟫

pertaining to the back or sitauted behind

inferior ## Footnote full word 🟫

situated below

lateral ## Footnote full word 🟫

situated at the side of a structure

medial ## Footnote full word 🟫

nearer to the middle of the body

posterior ## Footnote full word 🟫

pertaining to the back surface of the body, situated behind

prone ## Footnote full word 🟫

lying face down, flat on stomach

proximal ## Footnote full word 🟫

situated nearest to center of body

sagittal ## Footnote full word 🟫

vertical planes through the body diving it into right and left portions

superior ## Footnote full word 🟫

situated

supine ## Footnote full word 🟫

lying face up, flat on your spine

transverse ## Footnote full word 🟫

horizontal plane diving the body into upper and lower portions

ventral ## Footnote full word 🟫

pertaining to the stomach or situated neater to the surface of the stomach

-tomy ## Footnote suffix 🟦

process of seperating

-ical ## Footnote suffix 🟦

pertaining to

-ior ## Footnote suffix 🟦

pertaining to

ana ## Footnote root 🟥

apart from

anter- ## Footnote root 🟥

before, front part

caud- ## Footnote root 🟥

tail

cephal- ## Footnote root 🟥

head

coron- ## Footnote root 🟥

crown

dist- ## Footnote root 🟥

away from the center

dors- ## Footnote root 🟥

back

later- ## Footnote root 🟥

side

infer- ## Footnote root 🟥

below

medi- ## Footnote root 🟥

middle

poster- ## Footnote root 🟥

back part

proxim- ## Footnote root 🟥

nearest to the center

sagitt- ## Footnote root 🟥

arrow

super- ## Footnote root 🟥

above

ventr- ## Footnote root 🟥

belly

abdomen ## Footnote full word 🟫

part of the trunk between the thorax and pelvis

abdominal ## Footnote full word 🟫

pertaining to the abdomen

abdominopelvic ## Footnote full word 🟫

pertaining to the abdomen and pelvis

cavity (cavities, pl) ## Footnote full word 🟫

a hollow space or body compartment

cranial ## Footnote full word 🟫

pertaining to the cranium

cranium ## Footnote full word 🟫

the skull

diaphragm ## Footnote full word 🟫

muscular sheet separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities

diaphragmatic ## Footnote full word 🟫

pertaining to the diapragm

quadrant ## Footnote full word 🟫

one quarter of a circle, one of four regions of the suface of the abdomen

spine ## Footnote full word 🟫

the vertebral column or a short bony projection

spinal ## Footnote full word 🟫

pertaining to the spine

thoracic ## Footnote full word 🟫

pertaining to the chest

thorax ## Footnote full word 🟫

the part of the trunk between the abdomen and neck

umbilical ## Footnote full word 🟫

pertaining to the umbilicus or the center of the abdomen

umbilicus ## Footnote full word 🟫

pit in the abdomen where the umbilical cord entered the fetus

abdomin/o- ## Footnote root 🟥 (vowel makes it a combining form 🟪)

abdomen

-pelv- ## Footnote root 🟥

pelvis

cav- ## Footnote root 🟥

hollow space

diaphragmat ## Footnote root 🟥

diaphragm

spin ## Footnote root 🟥

spine

thorac- ## Footnote root 🟥

chest

umbilic- ## Footnote root 🟥

navel (belly button)

-ity ## Footnote suffix 🟦

state, condition

Chapter 2 Flashcards

(201 cards)