Father of physical oceanography
Mathew Maury
First measurement of earths circumference
Eratosthenes of Cyrene
Glomar challenger
First complete cores of deep sea sediments
First to publish accurate chart of an ocean current
Benjamin Franklin
First sailing expedition devoted to marine science
HMS Challenger
TOPEX/Poseidon
French and U.S. satellite for oceanic research
During challenger oceanography implied
Marking or charting of oceans
First expedition to use echo sounder
Meteor expedition
Introduced modern optical and electronic equipment to oceanography
Meteor expedition
Earliest voyaging for trade purposes
Mediterranean
Captain of first ship to circumnavigate
Sir Francis drake