chapter 2 -Theories

Question 1

Theories

Answer 1

to understand how we acquire language and develop

Question 2

Environmental

Answer 2

scaffolding, expansion, recasting, modeling

Question 3

Expansion

Answer 3

take what child said and add to it

Question 4

Recasting

Answer 4

respond to communication by restating/correcting grammar

Question 5

Modeling

Answer 5

begin a sentence and they complete it

Question 6

Pragmatics

Answer 6

connection between language expression and environment/context in which communication occurs

Question 7

Where can it occur?

Answer 7

• cognitive and social
• physical (set-up)
• linguistic (language used)
• non-linguistic (gestures)

Question 8

Innateness

Answer 8

we are born knowing language

Question 9

Language acquisition device

Answer 9

neurological capacity to learn language and understand universal grammar

Question 10

phrase structure

Answer 10

noun + verb: add phrase to make it more complex

Question 11

Transformational Rule

Answer 11

Iceburg analogy: deeper understanding with our 1st and 2nd languages toward the surface

Question 12

Emergentism

Answer 12

combination of innateness and environmentalism

-infants are born with prosodic (non-lingustic parts)

Question 13

Prosodic parts of language

Answer 13

intonation, rhythm, and duration

Question 14

Theory of Mind

Answer 14

ability to understand someone else’s mind in terms of mental states

-if a child knows something, everyone else does

Question 15

Fail to develop theory of mind?

Answer 15

associated with autism and other language disorders

Question 16

What is Piaget’s idea of irreversibility?

Answer 16

inability to back track mentally