Chapter 23 Terms

Question 1

signals a cell to leave Go and enter G1

Answer 1

mitogenic growth factor

Question 2

mutations in these genes are recessive at the cellular level for cancer formation

Answer 2

tumor-suppressor genes

Question 3

cell-cycle enzymes that phosphorylate proteins

Answer 3

cyclin-dependent kinases

Question 4

programmed cell death

Answer 4

apoptosis

Question 5

mutations in these genes are dominant for cancer formation

Answer 5

oncogenes

Question 6

protein that binds a hormone

Answer 6

growth factor receptor

Question 7

series of steps by which a message is transmitted

Answer 7

signal transduction

Question 8

control progress in the cell cycle in response to DNA damage

Answer 8

checkpoints

Question 9

proteins that are active cyclically during the cell cycle

Answer 9

cyclins