chapter 25- exam 2

Question 1

cognitive behavior

Answer 1

• involves self-talk or imaginal behavior
• occurs covertly
• “private events”

Question 2

cognitive restructuring

Answer 2

• goal is to replace distressing thoughts with more desirable thoughts

Question 3

steps for cognitive restructuring

Answer 3

1. identify the distressing thoughts and the situation where they occur
2. identify the emotional response, mood, or behavior that follows
3. help the client replace distressing thoughts with more rational thoughts

Question 4

challenging the client’s distorted thinking

Answer 4

• ellis questions how logical or rational the client’s thoughts or beliefs are
• beck uses these questions
  1. where is the evidence
  2. are there alternative explanantions
  3. what are the implications

Question 5

Beck’s cognitive therapy for depression

Answer 5

• focus on activity, mood, and cognitive behavior
• cognitive therapy for depression in conducted by a therapist trained in the procedure
• cognitive therapy for depression is a time limited therapy
• Beck’s cognitive therapy has been applied to other problems as well as depression

Question 6

self instructional training

Answer 6

1. identify the problem situation and desirable behavior
2. identify the self-instructions to be used in the situation
3. use the self-instructions and then immediately carry out the desirable behavior

Question 7

problem solving training

Answer 7

1. develop a problem solving orientation
2. define the problem to be solved
3. generate possible solutions through brain storming
4. evaluate each potential solution
5. put the plan into action and evaluate how it works

Question 8

stress inoculation training

Answer 8

1. identify self-statements that contribute to stress/anxiety and the situations in which they occur
2. generate new coping self-statements to be used in four phases
   - preparing for the stressor
   - confronting the stressor
   - being overwhelmed by the stressor
   - praising self for coping with the stressor
3. rehearse coping self-statements in role-plays of the difficult situations
4. practice in progressively more stressful situations in the natural environment

Question 9

defining cognitive behavior modification

Answer 9

• used to help people change behaviors that are labeled as cognitive
• cognitive behaviors are covert
• cognitive behavior is verbal or imagined responses made by the person that are covert and thus not observable by others

Question 10

functions of cognitive behavior

Answer 10

• may function as a CS that elicits an unpleasant CR
• cognitive behaviors can also function as discriminative stimuli for desirable behavior
• cognitive behaviors may function as motivating operations that influence the power of consequences to functions as reinforcers or punishers
• cognitive behaviors may also function as reinforcing or punishing consequences when they follow some other behavior

Question 11

cognitive restructuring

Answer 11

• designed to replace specific maladaptive cognitive behaviors with more adaptive ones
• get rid of distressing thoughts and replace with desirable thoughts
  1. help client identify distressing thoughts and the situation in which they occur
  2. help the client identify the emotional response, unpleasant mood, or problem behavior that follows the distressing thought
  3. help the client stops thinking the distressing thoughts by helping the client think more rational or desirable thoughts

Question 12

cognitive distortions

Answer 12

• burns
• negative evaluations or interpretations of life events or logical errors in thinking that lead to negative mood or depressed behavior

Question 13

questions to challenge distorted thinking

Answer 13

1. where is the evidence?
2. are there any alternative explanations?
3. what are the implications?

Question 14

cognitive coping skills training

Answer 14

• specific self statements

Question 15

self instructional training

Answer 15

1. identify the problem situation and define the desirable behavior most appropriate to the situation
2. identify the self instructions that will be most helpful in the problem situation
3. use behavioral skills training to teach the self instructions