Chapter 3

Question 1

Law of Segregation

Answer 1

• The observation that alleles of the same gene separate during gamete formation
• Monohybrids
• Occurs due to actions of chromosomes during Anaphase I

*Only dealing with one trait. When one gamete gets only one allele from parent

Question 2

What is a genotype?

Answer 2

The combination of alleles for a given gene

Question 3

What does it mean if something is true breeding or if something is hybrid?

Answer 3

True breeding = homozygous

Hybrid = heterozygous

Question 4

What does being a “carrier” mean?

Answer 4

It means that you carry the gene for something without expressing it

Question 5

Law of Independent Assortment

Answer 5

• alleles of different genes (non homologous) go into gametes regardless of one another
• dihybrids
• creates genetic diversity
• occurs due to the actions of chromosomes in Metaphase I

*Says that two traits will independently go into gametes regardless of each other in equal probabilities

Question 6

Probability rules

Answer 6

x = and

+ = or

Question 7

Incomplete dominance

Answer 7

When neither allele is dominant and a heterozygous individual will express a third phenotype

Question 8

Codominant

Answer 8

When both alleles in a heterozygote are expressed

Question 9

Genotypes of blood types

Answer 9

Question 10

Epistasis

Answer 10

When one gene masks another. The gene that is doing the masking is the one that is epistatic. This also means they are working together on the same pathway