Chapter 4

Question 1

Isomer

Answer 1

Same chemical formula but different bonding shape

Question 2

Effective nuclear charge

Answer 2

• across a row

- down a group

Question 3

Electronegativity

Answer 3

Ability of an element to attract electrons to itself in a bond

• increases across
• decreases down

Question 4

Dipole – Dipole

Answer 4

• present in polar substances

- A bit stronger

Question 5

Hydrogen bonding interactions

Answer 5

• must contain a hydrogen bonded to oxygen nitrogen or fluorine
• O, N, or F must have lone pair
• extremely strong

Question 6

Simple ionic compounds

Answer 6

• Contain a metal and nonmetal

- metals form cations

Question 7

Lattice energy

Answer 7

Energy released when an ionic lattice forms from ions in the gas phase (coulumbs)

Question 8

Polar bonds

Answer 8

When 2 atoms of diff electronegativities bond