Chapter 5

Question 1

Tropmenaars 7

Answer 1

1. Universalism vs. particularism
2. Individualism vs. communitarianism
3. Specific vs. diffuse
4. neutral vs. emotional
5. achievement vs. ascription
6. sequential time vs. synchronous time
7. internal direction vs. outer direction

Question 2

Universalism vs. particularism

Answer 2

societal versus personal obligations

Question 3

neutral vs. emotional

Answer 3

how people express emotions

should emotion be exhibited

Question 4

Specific vs. diffuse

Answer 4

how far people get involved

specific: to the point
diffuse: focus on building a good relationship

Question 5

achievement vs. ascription

Answer 5

how people view status

Question 6

sequential time vs. synchronous time

Answer 6

how people manage time

sequential: punctual
synchronous: flexible

Question 7

internal direction vs. outer direction

Answer 7

internal: believe that they can control nature or their environment to achieve goals
outer: environment controls them

Question 8

reconciliation process

Answer 8

1. reaffirm our commitment to relationship
2. recognise how we differ
3. continue by searching for similarities
4. create a solution which uses elements of the opposing cultural dimensions
5. review