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Chapter 5 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the main transport mechanism for lipid-soluble toxicants across cell membranes?
A. Facilitated diffusion
B. Active transport
C. Simple diffusion
D. Filtration

A

C. Simple diffusion - Most lipid-soluble toxicants cross cell membranes via passive diffusion down their concentration gradient.

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2
Q

Which organ is primarily responsible for the exhalation of volatile toxicants?
A. Liver
B. Lung
C. Kidney
D. Skin

A

B. Lung - The lungs efficiently excrete volatile chemicals by passive diffusion, governed by blood-to-gas partition coefficients.

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3
Q

Which factor increases oral absorption of weakly basic drugs in the intestine?
A. Low pH environment
B. Presence of efflux transporters
C. Ionization of the base
D. High pH environment

A

D. High pH environment - Weak bases are more non-ionized and lipid-soluble at higher pH, promoting intestinal absorption.

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4
Q

What is the function of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) in the intestine?
A. Enhances chemical absorption
B. Converts lipophilic to hydrophilic compounds
C. Effluxes chemicals back into intestinal lumen
D. Assists in protein digestion

A

C. Effluxes chemicals back into intestinal lumen - Pgp is an efflux transporter that limits xenobiotic absorption.

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5
Q

Which of the following is most abundant in the distal intestine and associated with excretion?
A. PEPT1
B. OATP2B1
C. MRP2
D. Pgp

A

C. MRP2 - MRP2 is found more in the distal intestine and is involved in xenobiotic excretion, not absorption.

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6
Q

What is the main transport mechanism for lipid-soluble toxicants across cell membranes?
A. Facilitated diffusion
B. Active transport
C. Simple diffusion
D. Filtration

A

C. Simple diffusion - Most lipid-soluble toxicants cross cell membranes via passive diffusion down their concentration gradient.

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7
Q

Which organ is primarily responsible for the exhalation of volatile toxicants?
A. Liver
B. Lung
C. Kidney
D. Skin

A

B. Lung - The lungs efficiently excrete volatile chemicals by passive diffusion, governed by blood-to-gas partition coefficients.

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8
Q

Which factor increases oral absorption of weakly basic drugs in the intestine?
A. Low pH environment
B. Presence of efflux transporters
C. Ionization of the base
D. High pH environment

A

D. High pH environment - Weak bases are more non-ionized and lipid-soluble at higher pH, promoting intestinal absorption.

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9
Q

What is the function of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) in the intestine?
A. Enhances chemical absorption
B. Converts lipophilic to hydrophilic compounds
C. Effluxes chemicals back into intestinal lumen
D. Assists in protein digestion

A

C. Effluxes chemicals back into intestinal lumen - Pgp is an efflux transporter that limits xenobiotic absorption.

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10
Q

Which of the following is most abundant in the distal intestine and associated with excretion?
A. PEPT1
B. OATP2B1
C. MRP2
D. Pgp

A

C. MRP2 - MRP2 is found more in the distal intestine and is involved in xenobiotic excretion, not absorption.

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11
Q

What is the main transport mechanism for lipid-soluble toxicants across cell membranes?
A. Facilitated diffusion
B. Active transport
C. Simple diffusion
D. Filtration

A

C. Simple diffusion - Most lipid-soluble toxicants cross cell membranes via passive diffusion down their concentration gradient.

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12
Q

Which organ is primarily responsible for the exhalation of volatile toxicants?
A. Liver
B. Lung
C. Kidney
D. Skin

A

B. Lung - The lungs efficiently excrete volatile chemicals by passive diffusion, governed by blood-to-gas partition coefficients.

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13
Q

Which factor increases oral absorption of weakly basic drugs in the intestine?
A. Low pH environment
B. Presence of efflux transporters
C. Ionization of the base
D. High pH environment

A

D. High pH environment - Weak bases are more non-ionized and lipid-soluble at higher pH, promoting intestinal absorption.

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14
Q

What is the function of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) in the intestine?
A. Enhances chemical absorption
B. Converts lipophilic to hydrophilic compounds
C. Effluxes chemicals back into intestinal lumen
D. Assists in protein digestion

A

C. Effluxes chemicals back into intestinal lumen - Pgp is an efflux transporter that limits xenobiotic absorption.

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15
Q

Which of the following is most abundant in the distal intestine and associated with excretion?
A. PEPT1
B. OATP2B1
C. MRP2
D. Pgp

A

C. MRP2 - MRP2 is found more in the distal intestine and is involved in xenobiotic excretion, not absorption.

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16
Q

What is the main transport mechanism for lipid-soluble toxicants across cell membranes?
A. Facilitated diffusion
B. Active transport
C. Simple diffusion
D. Filtration

A

C. Simple diffusion - Most lipid-soluble toxicants cross cell membranes via passive diffusion down their concentration gradient.

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17
Q

Which organ is primarily responsible for the exhalation of volatile toxicants?
A. Liver
B. Lung
C. Kidney
D. Skin

A

B. Lung - The lungs efficiently excrete volatile chemicals by passive diffusion, governed by blood-to-gas partition coefficients.

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18
Q

Which factor increases oral absorption of weakly basic drugs in the intestine?
A. Low pH environment
B. Presence of efflux transporters
C. Ionization of the base
D. High pH environment

A

D. High pH environment - Weak bases are more non-ionized and lipid-soluble at higher pH, promoting intestinal absorption.

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19
Q

What is the function of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) in the intestine?
A. Enhances chemical absorption
B. Converts lipophilic to hydrophilic compounds
C. Effluxes chemicals back into intestinal lumen
D. Assists in protein digestion

A

C. Effluxes chemicals back into intestinal lumen - Pgp is an efflux transporter that limits xenobiotic absorption.

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20
Q

Which of the following is most abundant in the distal intestine and associated with excretion?
A. PEPT1
B. OATP2B1
C. MRP2
D. Pgp

A

C. MRP2 - MRP2 is found more in the distal intestine and is involved in xenobiotic excretion, not absorption.

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21
Q

What is the main transport mechanism for lipid-soluble toxicants across cell membranes?
A. Facilitated diffusion
B. Active transport
C. Simple diffusion
D. Filtration

A

C. Simple diffusion - Most lipid-soluble toxicants cross cell membranes via passive diffusion down their concentration gradient.

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22
Q

Which organ is primarily responsible for the exhalation of volatile toxicants?
A. Liver
B. Lung
C. Kidney
D. Skin

A

B. Lung - The lungs efficiently excrete volatile chemicals by passive diffusion, governed by blood-to-gas partition coefficients.

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23
Q

Which factor increases oral absorption of weakly basic drugs in the intestine?
A. Low pH environment
B. Presence of efflux transporters
C. Ionization of the base
D. High pH environment

A

D. High pH environment - Weak bases are more non-ionized and lipid-soluble at higher pH, promoting intestinal absorption.

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24
Q

What is the function of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) in the intestine?
A. Enhances chemical absorption
B. Converts lipophilic to hydrophilic compounds
C. Effluxes chemicals back into intestinal lumen
D. Assists in protein digestion

A

C. Effluxes chemicals back into intestinal lumen - Pgp is an efflux transporter that limits xenobiotic absorption.

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25
Which of the following is most abundant in the distal intestine and associated with excretion? A. PEPT1 B. OATP2B1 C. MRP2 D. Pgp
C. MRP2 - MRP2 is found more in the distal intestine and is involved in xenobiotic excretion, not absorption.
26
What is the main transport mechanism for lipid-soluble toxicants across cell membranes? A. Facilitated diffusion B. Active transport C. Simple diffusion D. Filtration
C. Simple diffusion - Most lipid-soluble toxicants cross cell membranes via passive diffusion down their concentration gradient.
27
Which organ is primarily responsible for the exhalation of volatile toxicants? A. Liver B. Lung C. Kidney D. Skin
B. Lung - The lungs efficiently excrete volatile chemicals by passive diffusion, governed by blood-to-gas partition coefficients.
28
Which factor increases oral absorption of weakly basic drugs in the intestine? A. Low pH environment B. Presence of efflux transporters C. Ionization of the base D. High pH environment
D. High pH environment - Weak bases are more non-ionized and lipid-soluble at higher pH, promoting intestinal absorption.
29
What is the function of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) in the intestine? A. Enhances chemical absorption B. Converts lipophilic to hydrophilic compounds C. Effluxes chemicals back into intestinal lumen D. Assists in protein digestion
C. Effluxes chemicals back into intestinal lumen - Pgp is an efflux transporter that limits xenobiotic absorption.
30
Which of the following is most abundant in the distal intestine and associated with excretion? A. PEPT1 B. OATP2B1 C. MRP2 D. Pgp
C. MRP2 - MRP2 is found more in the distal intestine and is involved in xenobiotic excretion, not absorption.
31
What is the main transport mechanism for lipid-soluble toxicants across cell membranes? A. Facilitated diffusion B. Active transport C. Simple diffusion D. Filtration
C. Simple diffusion - Most lipid-soluble toxicants cross cell membranes via passive diffusion down their concentration gradient.
32
Which organ is primarily responsible for the exhalation of volatile toxicants? A. Liver B. Lung C. Kidney D. Skin
B. Lung - The lungs efficiently excrete volatile chemicals by passive diffusion, governed by blood-to-gas partition coefficients.
33
Which factor increases oral absorption of weakly basic drugs in the intestine? A. Low pH environment B. Presence of efflux transporters C. Ionization of the base D. High pH environment
D. High pH environment - Weak bases are more non-ionized and lipid-soluble at higher pH, promoting intestinal absorption.
34
What is the function of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) in the intestine? A. Enhances chemical absorption B. Converts lipophilic to hydrophilic compounds C. Effluxes chemicals back into intestinal lumen D. Assists in protein digestion
C. Effluxes chemicals back into intestinal lumen - Pgp is an efflux transporter that limits xenobiotic absorption.
35
Which of the following is most abundant in the distal intestine and associated with excretion? A. PEPT1 B. OATP2B1 C. MRP2 D. Pgp
C. MRP2 - MRP2 is found more in the distal intestine and is involved in xenobiotic excretion, not absorption.
36
What is the main transport mechanism for lipid-soluble toxicants across cell membranes? A. Facilitated diffusion B. Active transport C. Simple diffusion D. Filtration
C. Simple diffusion - Most lipid-soluble toxicants cross cell membranes via passive diffusion down their concentration gradient.
37
Which organ is primarily responsible for the exhalation of volatile toxicants? A. Liver B. Lung C. Kidney D. Skin
B. Lung - The lungs efficiently excrete volatile chemicals by passive diffusion, governed by blood-to-gas partition coefficients.
38
Which factor increases oral absorption of weakly basic drugs in the intestine? A. Low pH environment B. Presence of efflux transporters C. Ionization of the base D. High pH environment
D. High pH environment - Weak bases are more non-ionized and lipid-soluble at higher pH, promoting intestinal absorption.
39
What is the function of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) in the intestine? A. Enhances chemical absorption B. Converts lipophilic to hydrophilic compounds C. Effluxes chemicals back into intestinal lumen D. Assists in protein digestion
C. Effluxes chemicals back into intestinal lumen - Pgp is an efflux transporter that limits xenobiotic absorption.
40
Which of the following is most abundant in the distal intestine and associated with excretion? A. PEPT1 B. OATP2B1 C. MRP2 D. Pgp
C. MRP2 - MRP2 is found more in the distal intestine and is involved in xenobiotic excretion, not absorption.
41
What is the main transport mechanism for lipid-soluble toxicants across cell membranes? A. Facilitated diffusion B. Active transport C. Simple diffusion D. Filtration
C. Simple diffusion - Most lipid-soluble toxicants cross cell membranes via passive diffusion down their concentration gradient.
42
Which organ is primarily responsible for the exhalation of volatile toxicants? A. Liver B. Lung C. Kidney D. Skin
B. Lung - The lungs efficiently excrete volatile chemicals by passive diffusion, governed by blood-to-gas partition coefficients.
43
Which factor increases oral absorption of weakly basic drugs in the intestine? A. Low pH environment B. Presence of efflux transporters C. Ionization of the base D. High pH environment
D. High pH environment - Weak bases are more non-ionized and lipid-soluble at higher pH, promoting intestinal absorption.
44
What is the function of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) in the intestine? A. Enhances chemical absorption B. Converts lipophilic to hydrophilic compounds C. Effluxes chemicals back into intestinal lumen D. Assists in protein digestion
C. Effluxes chemicals back into intestinal lumen - Pgp is an efflux transporter that limits xenobiotic absorption.
45
Which of the following is most abundant in the distal intestine and associated with excretion? A. PEPT1 B. OATP2B1 C. MRP2 D. Pgp
C. MRP2 - MRP2 is found more in the distal intestine and is involved in xenobiotic excretion, not absorption.
46
What is the main transport mechanism for lipid-soluble toxicants across cell membranes? A. Facilitated diffusion B. Active transport C. Simple diffusion D. Filtration
C. Simple diffusion - Most lipid-soluble toxicants cross cell membranes via passive diffusion down their concentration gradient.
47
Which organ is primarily responsible for the exhalation of volatile toxicants? A. Liver B. Lung C. Kidney D. Skin
B. Lung - The lungs efficiently excrete volatile chemicals by passive diffusion, governed by blood-to-gas partition coefficients.
48
Which factor increases oral absorption of weakly basic drugs in the intestine? A. Low pH environment B. Presence of efflux transporters C. Ionization of the base D. High pH environment
D. High pH environment - Weak bases are more non-ionized and lipid-soluble at higher pH, promoting intestinal absorption.
49
What is the function of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) in the intestine? A. Enhances chemical absorption B. Converts lipophilic to hydrophilic compounds C. Effluxes chemicals back into intestinal lumen D. Assists in protein digestion
C. Effluxes chemicals back into intestinal lumen - Pgp is an efflux transporter that limits xenobiotic absorption.
50
Which of the following is most abundant in the distal intestine and associated with excretion? A. PEPT1 B. OATP2B1 C. MRP2 D. Pgp
C. MRP2 - MRP2 is found more in the distal intestine and is involved in xenobiotic excretion, not absorption.
51
What is the main transport mechanism for lipid-soluble toxicants across cell membranes? A. Facilitated diffusion B. Active transport C. Simple diffusion D. Filtration
C. Simple diffusion - Most lipid-soluble toxicants cross cell membranes via passive diffusion down their concentration gradient.
52
Which organ is primarily responsible for the exhalation of volatile toxicants? A. Liver B. Lung C. Kidney D. Skin
B. Lung - The lungs efficiently excrete volatile chemicals by passive diffusion, governed by blood-to-gas partition coefficients.
53
Which factor increases oral absorption of weakly basic drugs in the intestine? A. Low pH environment B. Presence of efflux transporters C. Ionization of the base D. High pH environment
D. High pH environment - Weak bases are more non-ionized and lipid-soluble at higher pH, promoting intestinal absorption.
54
What is the function of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) in the intestine? A. Enhances chemical absorption B. Converts lipophilic to hydrophilic compounds C. Effluxes chemicals back into intestinal lumen D. Assists in protein digestion
C. Effluxes chemicals back into intestinal lumen - Pgp is an efflux transporter that limits xenobiotic absorption.
55
Which of the following is most abundant in the distal intestine and associated with excretion? A. PEPT1 B. OATP2B1 C. MRP2 D. Pgp
C. MRP2 - MRP2 is found more in the distal intestine and is involved in xenobiotic excretion, not absorption.
56
What is the main transport mechanism for lipid-soluble toxicants across cell membranes? A. Facilitated diffusion B. Active transport C. Simple diffusion D. Filtration
C. Simple diffusion - Most lipid-soluble toxicants cross cell membranes via passive diffusion down their concentration gradient.
57
Which organ is primarily responsible for the exhalation of volatile toxicants? A. Liver B. Lung C. Kidney D. Skin
B. Lung - The lungs efficiently excrete volatile chemicals by passive diffusion, governed by blood-to-gas partition coefficients.
58
Which factor increases oral absorption of weakly basic drugs in the intestine? A. Low pH environment B. Presence of efflux transporters C. Ionization of the base D. High pH environment
D. High pH environment - Weak bases are more non-ionized and lipid-soluble at higher pH, promoting intestinal absorption.
59
What is the function of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) in the intestine? A. Enhances chemical absorption B. Converts lipophilic to hydrophilic compounds C. Effluxes chemicals back into intestinal lumen D. Assists in protein digestion
C. Effluxes chemicals back into intestinal lumen - Pgp is an efflux transporter that limits xenobiotic absorption.
60
Which of the following is most abundant in the distal intestine and associated with excretion? A. PEPT1 B. OATP2B1 C. MRP2 D. Pgp
C. MRP2 - MRP2 is found more in the distal intestine and is involved in xenobiotic excretion, not absorption.
61
What is the main transport mechanism for lipid-soluble toxicants across cell membranes? A. Facilitated diffusion B. Active transport C. Simple diffusion D. Filtration
C. Simple diffusion - Most lipid-soluble toxicants cross cell membranes via passive diffusion down their concentration gradient.
62
Which organ is primarily responsible for the exhalation of volatile toxicants? A. Liver B. Lung C. Kidney D. Skin
B. Lung - The lungs efficiently excrete volatile chemicals by passive diffusion, governed by blood-to-gas partition coefficients.
63
Which factor increases oral absorption of weakly basic drugs in the intestine? A. Low pH environment B. Presence of efflux transporters C. Ionization of the base D. High pH environment
D. High pH environment - Weak bases are more non-ionized and lipid-soluble at higher pH, promoting intestinal absorption.
64
What is the function of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) in the intestine? A. Enhances chemical absorption B. Converts lipophilic to hydrophilic compounds C. Effluxes chemicals back into intestinal lumen D. Assists in protein digestion
C. Effluxes chemicals back into intestinal lumen - Pgp is an efflux transporter that limits xenobiotic absorption.
65
Which of the following is most abundant in the distal intestine and associated with excretion? A. PEPT1 B. OATP2B1 C. MRP2 D. Pgp
C. MRP2 - MRP2 is found more in the distal intestine and is involved in xenobiotic excretion, not absorption.
66
What is the main transport mechanism for lipid-soluble toxicants across cell membranes? A. Facilitated diffusion B. Active transport C. Simple diffusion D. Filtration
C. Simple diffusion - Most lipid-soluble toxicants cross cell membranes via passive diffusion down their concentration gradient.
67
Which organ is primarily responsible for the exhalation of volatile toxicants? A. Liver B. Lung C. Kidney D. Skin
B. Lung - The lungs efficiently excrete volatile chemicals by passive diffusion, governed by blood-to-gas partition coefficients.
68
Which factor increases oral absorption of weakly basic drugs in the intestine? A. Low pH environment B. Presence of efflux transporters C. Ionization of the base D. High pH environment
D. High pH environment - Weak bases are more non-ionized and lipid-soluble at higher pH, promoting intestinal absorption.
69
What is the function of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) in the intestine? A. Enhances chemical absorption B. Converts lipophilic to hydrophilic compounds C. Effluxes chemicals back into intestinal lumen D. Assists in protein digestion
C. Effluxes chemicals back into intestinal lumen - Pgp is an efflux transporter that limits xenobiotic absorption.
70
Which of the following is most abundant in the distal intestine and associated with excretion? A. PEPT1 B. OATP2B1 C. MRP2 D. Pgp
C. MRP2 - MRP2 is found more in the distal intestine and is involved in xenobiotic excretion, not absorption.
71
What is the main transport mechanism for lipid-soluble toxicants across cell membranes? A. Facilitated diffusion B. Active transport C. Simple diffusion D. Filtration
C. Simple diffusion - Most lipid-soluble toxicants cross cell membranes via passive diffusion down their concentration gradient.
72
Which organ is primarily responsible for the exhalation of volatile toxicants? A. Liver B. Lung C. Kidney D. Skin
B. Lung - The lungs efficiently excrete volatile chemicals by passive diffusion, governed by blood-to-gas partition coefficients.
73
Which factor increases oral absorption of weakly basic drugs in the intestine? A. Low pH environment B. Presence of efflux transporters C. Ionization of the base D. High pH environment
D. High pH environment - Weak bases are more non-ionized and lipid-soluble at higher pH, promoting intestinal absorption.
74
What is the function of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) in the intestine? A. Enhances chemical absorption B. Converts lipophilic to hydrophilic compounds C. Effluxes chemicals back into intestinal lumen D. Assists in protein digestion
C. Effluxes chemicals back into intestinal lumen - Pgp is an efflux transporter that limits xenobiotic absorption.
75
Which of the following is most abundant in the distal intestine and associated with excretion? A. PEPT1 B. OATP2B1 C. MRP2 D. Pgp
C. MRP2 - MRP2 is found more in the distal intestine and is involved in xenobiotic excretion, not absorption.
76
What is the main transport mechanism for lipid-soluble toxicants across cell membranes? A. Facilitated diffusion B. Active transport C. Simple diffusion D. Filtration
C. Simple diffusion - Most lipid-soluble toxicants cross cell membranes via passive diffusion down their concentration gradient.
77
Which organ is primarily responsible for the exhalation of volatile toxicants? A. Liver B. Lung C. Kidney D. Skin
B. Lung - The lungs efficiently excrete volatile chemicals by passive diffusion, governed by blood-to-gas partition coefficients.
78
Which factor increases oral absorption of weakly basic drugs in the intestine? A. Low pH environment B. Presence of efflux transporters C. Ionization of the base D. High pH environment
D. High pH environment - Weak bases are more non-ionized and lipid-soluble at higher pH, promoting intestinal absorption.
79
What is the function of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) in the intestine? A. Enhances chemical absorption B. Converts lipophilic to hydrophilic compounds C. Effluxes chemicals back into intestinal lumen D. Assists in protein digestion
C. Effluxes chemicals back into intestinal lumen - Pgp is an efflux transporter that limits xenobiotic absorption.
80
Which of the following is most abundant in the distal intestine and associated with excretion? A. PEPT1 B. OATP2B1 C. MRP2 D. Pgp
C. MRP2 - MRP2 is found more in the distal intestine and is involved in xenobiotic excretion, not absorption.
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