Chapter 7

Question 1

Appendicular skeleton two girdles:

Answer 1

1. Pectoral girdle
2. Pelvic girdle

Question 2

What does the pectoral girdle attach?

Answer 2

The upper limbs to the body trunk.

Question 3

What does the pelvic girdle attach?

Answer 3

The lower limbs to the body trunk.

Question 4

What do the clavicle and scapulae attach?

Answer 4

The upper limbs to the axial skeleton.

Question 5

3 fossa of the scapula:

Answer 5

Infraspinosus fossa (posterior)
Supraspinous fossa (anterior)
Subscapular fossa (anterior)

Question 6

How many bones form the skeletal framework of each upper limb?

Answer 6

30 bones

Question 7

30 bones consist of:

Answer 7

Arm– Humerus
Forearm– radius and ulna
Hands– 8 carpal bones, 5 metacarpal bones, and 14 phalanges

Question 8

What is the largest bone in the upper limb?

Answer 8

Humerus; proximal end fits articulate in the glenoid cavity

Question 9

Describe the ulna:

Answer 9

• medial bone in the forearm (pinky)
• forms the major portion of elbow joint with humerus

Question 10

Describe the radius:

Answer 10

• lateral bone in the arm (thumb)
• interosseus membrane (ligament) connects the radius and ulna along their entire length

Question 11

Describe the carpals:

Answer 11

• wrist
• 8 short bones
• pisiform, trapezium, trapezoid, scaphoid, hamate, capitate, triquetrum, and lunate

Question 12

Describe the metacarpals:

Answer 12

• palm
• 5 metacarpal bones (I to V) from thumb to pinky

Question 13

Describe the phlanges:

Answer 13

• fingers
• numbered I to V
• digit I the pollex (thumb) has 2 bones
• digit II-V have 3 bones- distal, medial, and proximal phalanx

Question 14

Pelvic Hip Girdle consists of:

Answer 14

• two coxal bones and sacrum
• attached to the lower limbs
• three fused bones form coxal bone
• ilium, ischium, and pubis

Question 15

Female pelvis:

Answer 15

-adapted for childbearing
- true pelvis defines birth canal
- pelvis broad, shallow, and greater capacity
- pubic angle: broader, more rounded (80-90 degrees)

Question 16

Male pelvis:

Answer 16

• adapted for support of males heavier build and stronger muscles
• true pelvis is narrow and deep
• pubic angle: more acute (50 to 60 degrees)

Question 17

Female sacrum:

Answer 17

• wider shorter; curvature accentuated
  -coccyx: more movable
  -sciatic notch: wide and shallow

Question 18

Male sacrum:

Answer 18

• narrower; longer; ventral
• coccyx: less movable
• sciatic notch: narrow and deep

Question 19

Three segments of the lower limb:

Answer 19

1. Thigh
2. Leg
3. Foot

Question 20

What are the bones of the thigh?

Answer 20

Femur
Patella

Question 21

What is the largest and strongest bone in the body?

Answer 21

Femur

Question 22

The femur is (blank) of a person’s height.

Answer 22

1/4

Question 23

What are the bones of the leg?

Answer 23

Tibia
Fibula

Question 24

Describe the tibia:

Answer 24

• medial leg bone
  -receives weight of body from femur, transmits to foot

Question 25

Describe the fibula:

Answer 25

- not weight bearing - several muscles originate from fibula

Question 26

How are the tibia ad fibula connected?

Answer 26

Interosseous membrane

Question 27

Which is more likely to be fractured: tibia, humerus, or fibula?

Answer 27

Fibula

Question 28

What are the bones of the foot?

Answer 28

Tarsus Metatarsus Phalanges

Question 29

Describe the tarsus:

Answer 29

- ankle - 7 tarsal bones - talus, calcaneus, cuboid, navicular, medial/intermediate/lateral cuneiform

Question 30

Describe the metatarsals:

Answer 30

- 5 metatarsals - I to V hallux to pinky toe

Question 31

Describe the phlangess

Answer 31

14 bones of the toes - same set up as the hand

Question 32

Arches of the feet:

Answer 32

Lateral longitudinal Medial Longitudinal Transverse - spread weight across surface