Chapter 7

Question 1

What are compound words in medical terminology?

Answer 1

Words that contain more than one word root

Example: Osteoarthritis (Osteo + arthr + -itis = inflammation of the bone joints)

Question 2

What is the plural ending for words ending in -a?

Answer 2

-ae

Example: vertebra to vertebrae

Question 3

What is the plural ending for words ending in -is?

Answer 3

-es

Example: diagnosis to diagnoses

Question 4

What is the plural ending for words ending in -ex or -ix?

Answer 4

-ices

Example: apex to apices

Question 5

What is the plural ending for words ending in -on or -um?

Answer 5

-a

Examples: ganglion to ganglia, ovum to ova

Question 6

What is the plural ending for words ending in -us?

Answer 6

-i

Example: bronchus to bronchi

Question 7

What does the combining form ‘Cardi/o’ mean?

Answer 7

Heart

Question 8

What does the combining form ‘Neur/o’ mean?

Answer 8

Nervous system

Question 9

What is the guideline for adding combining vowels to word roots?

Answer 9

Use before a suffix that begins with a consonant or to join other word roots

Question 10

When is a combining vowel not needed?

Answer 10

If the suffix begins with a vowel

Question 11

What is a combining form?

Answer 11

A word root, prefix, or suffix with an added vowel

Question 12

What is the definition of homonyms?

Answer 12

Two or more words that are spelled and/or pronounced the same way but have different meanings

Question 13

What is an antonym in medical terminology?

Answer 13

Pairs of word roots, prefixes, or suffixes that have opposite meanings

Question 14

What is a synonym in medical terminology?

Answer 14

Pairs of word roots, prefixes, or suffixes that have the same or almost the same meaning

Question 15

What are the three axes along which the body can be divided?

Answer 15

• Anteroposterior axis
• Longitudinal axis
• Horizontal axis

Question 16

What is an anatomic plane?

Answer 16

An imaginary flat surface dividing the body horizontally and vertically into sections

Question 17

What is the definition of a body cavity?

Answer 17

Contain various organs and other structures

Question 18

What are the two main groups of body cavities?

Answer 18

• Dorsal cavities (posterior)
• Ventral cavities (anterior)

Question 19

What are the dorsal cavities?

Answer 19

• Cranial
• Spinal

Question 20

What are the ventral cavities?

Answer 20

• Thoracic
• Abdominal
• Pelvic

Question 21

What does the term ‘proximal’ refer to?

Answer 21

Closer to the body

Question 22

What does the term ‘distal’ refer to?

Answer 22

Farther from the trunk/nearer to the free end of the extremity

Question 23

What does ‘superficial’ mean?

Answer 23

Closer to or on the skin

Question 24

What does ‘deep’ mean?

Answer 24

Farther inside the body and away from skin

Question 25

What is the difference between anterior and posterior?

Answer 25

* Anterior (or ventral): Belly side of the body * Posterior (or dorsal): Spinal side of the body

Question 26

What does the term 'lateral' mean?

Answer 26

Body parts that lie farther from the midline

Question 27

What does the term 'medial' mean?

Answer 27

Body parts that lie closer to the midline

Question 28

What is 'hyperflexion'?

Answer 28

Maximum flexion or flexion beyond normal range of motion

Question 29

What is 'hyperextension'?

Answer 29

Maximum extension or extension beyond the normal range of motion

Question 30

What is the recovery position?

Answer 30

Helps maintain a clear airway in an unresponsive patient and prevents aspiration of vomitus

Question 31

What is the definition of an eponym?

Answer 31

Names of diseases, devices, procedures, or drugs based on the person who invented, discovered, or first described them

Question 32

What are some examples of eponyms?

Answer 32

* Alzheimer disease * Apgar score * Cesarean section

Question 33

What is the purpose of prefixes in medical terminology?

Answer 33

Usually describe location or intensity and change the meaning of the medical term

Question 34

What is the significance of understanding the origins of medical terms?

Answer 34

Helps you decipher the meanings

Question 35

What is the importance of using accepted symbols in medical documentation?

Answer 35

To avoid confusion or errors

Question 36

What should you do when in doubt about abbreviations?

Answer 36

Write out the term in full

Question 37

What is the recovery position?

Answer 37

Helps maintain a clear airway in an unresponsive patient and prevents aspiration of vomitus ## Footnote The recovery position is crucial for patient safety in emergency situations.

Question 38

What is the left lateral recumbent position?

Answer 38

A position where the patient lies on their left side ## Footnote This position is often used to maintain airway patency.

Question 39

Define the prone position.

Answer 39

Lying face down ## Footnote Commonly used in various medical assessments and treatments.

Question 40

Define the supine position.

Answer 40

Lying face up ## Footnote This position is frequently used for examinations and procedures.

Question 41

What is the Fowler position?

Answer 41

Patient is sitting straight up, with knees bent or straight ## Footnote Often used for patients with respiratory distress.

Question 42

What is the Semi-Fowler position?

Answer 42

Patient sits at a 45° angle ## Footnote This position is beneficial for patients with certain medical conditions.