Chapter 8

Question 1

The database approach to data management is sometimes called the flat file approach.

Answer 1

F

Question 2

The two fundamental components of data structures are organization and access method

Answer 2

T

Question 3

When a large portion of the file is to be processed in one operation such as payroll, sequential data structures are an inefficient method of organizing a file.

Answer 3

F

Question 4

An advantage of using an indexed random file structure is that records are easily added and deleted.

Answer 4

T

Question 5

The hierarchical database model forces users to navigate between data elements using predefined structured paths.

Answer 5

T

Question 6

A network model does not allow children files to have multiple parent files.

Answer 6

F

Question 7

The physical database is an abstract representation of the database

Answer 7

F

Question 8

A customer name and an unpaid balance is an example of a one-to-many relationship.

Answer 8

F

Question 9

In the relational model, a data element is called a relation

Answer 9

F

Question 10

Data normalization groups data attributes into tables in accordance with specific design objectives.

Answer 10

T

Question 11

Under the database approach, data is viewded as proprietry or owned by owners

Answer 11

F

Question 12

VSAM file structures are most effective where rapid access to individual records is a priority need

Answer 12

F

Question 13

A join builds a new table by creating links

Answer 13

F

Question 14

The deletion anomaly is the least important of the problems affecting unnormalized databases.

Answer 14

F

Question 15

EAM’s allow auditors to identify significant transactions for substantive testing.

Answer 15

T

Question 16

Generalized audit software packages are used to assist the auditor in performing substantive tests.

Answer 16

T

Question 17

GAS can be used with simple data structures but not complex structures.

Answer 17

F

Question 18

Logical database design is the foundation of the conceptual design

Answer 18

F

Question 19

An entity is any physical thing about which the organization wishes to capture data.

Answer 19

F

Question 20

An ER diagram is a graphical representation of a data model

Answer 20

T

Question 21

The term occurrence is used to describe the number of attributes or fields pertaining to a specific entity.

Answer 21

F

Question 22

Cardinality describes the number of possible occurrences in one table that are associated with a single occurrence in a related table.

Answer 22

T

Question 23

A table in third normal form is free of partial dependencies, multiple dependencies, and transitive dependencies.

Answer 23

F

Question 24

Improperly normalized databases are associated with three types of anomalies: the update anomaly, the insertion anomaly, and the deletion anomaly.

Answer 24

T

Question 25

An inventory record contains part number, part name, part color, and part weight. These individual items are called a. fields b. stored files c. bytes d. Occurrences

Answer 25

A

Question 26

It is appropriate to use a sequential file structure when a. records are routinely inserted b. single records need to be retrieved c. records need to be scanned using secondary keys d. a large portion of the file will be processed in one operation

Answer 26

D

Question 27

Which of the following statements is not true? a. Indexed random files are dispersed throughout the storage device without regard for physical proximity with related records b. Indexed random files use disk storage space efficiently c. Indexed random files are efficient when processing a large portion of a file at one time d. Indexed random files are easy to maintain in terms of adding records

Answer 27

C

Question 28

Which characteristic is associated with the database approach to data management? a. data sharing b. multiple storage procedures c. data redundancy d. excessive storage costs

Answer 28

A

Question 29

Which statement is not correct? The VSAM structure a. is used for very large files that need both direct access and batch processing b. may use an overflow area for records c. provides an exact physical address for each record d. is appropriate for files that require few insertions or deletions

Answer 29

C

Question 30

Which statement is true about a hashing structure? a. The same address could be calculated for two records. b. Storage space is used efficiently. c. Records cannot be accessed rapidly. d. A separate index is required.

Answer 30

A

Question 31

In a hashing structure, a. two records can be stored at the same address. b. pointers are used to indicate the location of all records. c. pointers are used to indicate the location of a record with the same address as another record. d. all locations on the disk are used for record storage.

Answer 31

C

Question 32

Pointers can be used for all of the following except a. to locate the subschema address of the record. b. to locate the physical address of the record. c. to locate the relative address of the record d. locate the logical key of the record

Answer 32

A

Question 33

Pointers are used a. to link records within a file. b. to link records between files. c. to identify records stored in overflow. d. all of the above.

Answer 33

D

Question 34

In a hierarchical model a. links between related records are implicit b. the way to access data is by following a predefined data path c. an owner (parent) record may own just one member (child) record d. a member (child) record may have more than one owner (parent)

Answer 34

B

Question 35

Which term is not associated with the relational database model? a. tuple b. attribute c. collision d. relation

Answer 35

C

Question 36

In the relational database model a. relationships are explicit b. the user perceives that files are linked using pointer c. data is represented on two-dimensional tables d. data is represented as a tree structure

Answer 36

C

Question 37

In the relational database model all of the following are true except a. data is presented to users as tables b. data can be extracted from specified rows from specified tables c. a new table can be built by joining two tables d. only one-to-many relationships can be supported

Answer 37

D

Question 38

In a relational database a. the user’s view of the physical database is the same as the physical database b. users perceive that they are manipulating a single table c. a virtual table exists in the form of rows and columns of a table stored on the disk d. a programming language (COBOL) is used to create a user’s view of the database

Answer 38

B

Question 39

The update anomaly in unnormalized databases a. occurs because of data redundancy b. complicates adding records to the database c. may result in the loss of important data d. often results in excessive record insertions

Answer 39

A

Question 40

The most serious problem with unnormalized databases is the a. update anomaly b. insertion anomaly c. deletion anomaly d. None of the above

Answer 40

C

Question 41

The deletion anomaly in unnormalized databases a. is easily detected by users b. may result in the loss of important data c. complicates adding records to the database d. requires the user to perform excessive updates

Answer 41

B

Question 42

Which statement is correct? a. in a normalized database, data about vendors occur in several locations b. the accountant is responsible for database normalization c. in a normalized database, deletion of a key record could result in the destruction of the audit trail d. connections between M:M tables are provided by a link table

Answer 42

D

Question 43

Which of the following is not a common form of conceptual database model? a. hierarchical b. network c. sequential d. relational

Answer 43

C

Question 44

Which of the following is a relational algebra function? a. restrict b. project c. join d. all are relational algebra functions

Answer 44

D

Question 45

Entities are a. nouns that are depicted by rectangles on an entity relationship diagram b. data that describe the characteristics of properties of resources c. associations among elements d. sets of data needed to make a decision

Answer 45

A

Question 46

A user view a. presents the physical arrangement of records in a database for a particular user b. is the logical abstract structure of the database c. specifies the relationship of data elements in the database d. defines how a particular user sees the database

Answer 46

D

Question 47

All of the following are advantages of a partitioned database except a. increased user control by having the data stored locally b. deadlocks are eliminated c. transaction processing response time is improved d. partitioning can reduce losses in case of disaster

Answer 47

B

Question 48

Each of the following is a relational algebra function except a. join b. project c. link d. restrict

Answer 48

C

Question 49

A table is in first normal form when it is a. free of repeating group data b. free of transitive dependencies c. free of partial dependencies d. free of update anomalies e. none of the above

Answer 49

A

Question 50

A table is in second normal form when it is a. free of repeating group data b. free of transitive dependencies c. free of partial dependencies d. free of insert anomalies e. none of the above

Answer 50

D

Question 51

A table is in third normal form when it is a. free of repeating group data b. free of transitive dependencies c. free of partial dependencies d. free of deletion anomalies e. none of the above

Answer 51

B

Question 52

Which statement is not true? Embedded audit modules a. can be turned on and off by the auditor. b. reduce operating efficiency. c. may lose their viability in an environment where programs are modified frequently. d. identify transactions to be analyzed using white box tests.

Answer 52

D

Question 53

Generalized audit software packages perform all of the following tasks except a. recalculate data fields b. compare files and identify differences c. stratify statistical samples d. analyze results and form opinions

Answer 53

D

Question 54

A transitive dependency a. is a database condition that is resolved through special monitoring software. b. is a name given to one of the three anomalies that result from unnormalized database tables. c. can exist only in a table with a composite primary key. d. cannot exist in tables that are normalized at the 2NF level.

Answer 54

D