What is the difference between the structure of ATP and the structure of the A nucleoside triphosphate used to make DNA?
the sugar molecule is different
If an enzyme is saturated with substrate, the most effective way to obtain a faster yield of products is to
add more of the enzyme
Succinate dehydrogenase catalyzes the conversion of succinate to fumarate. The reaction is inhibited by malonic acid, which resembles succinate but cannot be acted upon by succinate dehydrogenase. Increasing the ratio of succinate to malonic acid reduces the inhibitory effect of malonic acid. The effect of malonic acid on the activity of succinate dehydrogenase suggests
Malonic acid is a competitive inhibitor
Catabolism is to anabolism as — is to —
exergonic and endergonic
If an enzyme is added to a solution In which its substrate and product are in equilibrium, what will occur?
Nothing, the reaction will stay at equilibrium
In most exergonic reactions, before products can be formed, the reactants must first overcome a thermodynamic barrier known as the
activation energy of the reaction
What reaction would decrease the entropy within a cell?
anabolic reactions
what is a representative of the second law of thermodynamics?
cells require a constant input of energy to maintain their high level of organization
A noncompetitive inhibitor decreases the rate of an enzymatic reaction by
changing the shape of the enzyme active site
Which reactions release energy
hydrolysis reactions
which metabolic process can occur without a net influx of energy from some other processes?
C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O
a solution of starch at room temperature does not readily decompose to form a solution of glucose because
the activation energy barrier for this reaction cannot easily be overcome at room temperature
Most cells cannot harness heat to perform work because
temperature is usually uniform throughout a cell
In most exergonic reactions, before products can be formed, the reactants must first overcome
Activation energy of the reactions
the cellular process of breaking down large molecules into smaller ones is defined as
Catabolism
Which of the following processes would be an example of a catabolic pathway
providing energy that can be used to drive cellular work
the activity of many cellular enzymes is regulated by activators and inhibitors. Enzyme activity is also regulated in eukaryotic cells by what mechanism?
by compartmentalization and restricting enzymes to specific organelles or membranes
Which of the following statements about a system at chemical equilibrium is true?
The system can do no work
The active site of an enzyme is the region that
binds substrates for the enzyme
The active site of an enzyme is the region that
binds substrates for the enzyme
