ego-dystonic
different from self-image
ego-syntonic
consistent with self-image
Cluster A: odd or eccentric
Paranoid, Schizoid, Schizotypal
Paranoid PD
- Suspicious of others’ motives and behaviors
- Expectation of being harmed
- Completely inflexible in their views
Schizoid PD
- Indifference to other people, coupled with a diminished range of emotion experience and expression
- Doesn’t need friends
- Prefers isolation
Schizotypal PD
- Centers around peculiar behaviors rather than social withdrawal
- Perceptual and cognitive disturbances
- Not psychotic or out of touch with reality
Cluster B: Dramatic, Emotional, Erratic
Antisocial, Borderline, Histrionic, Narcissistic
Antisocial PD
- Irresponsible behavior that begins during childhood
- Impulsive and reckless
- Lacks conscience
Borderline PD
- Inability in mood and interpersonal relationships
- Difficult to be alone
- Rapid mood shifts
- Anger, identity disturbances
Histrionic PD
- Emotionality
- Attention-seeking behavior
- Emotionally shallow
- Tendency of inappropriate exaggeration
- Manipulative
Narcissistic PD
- Grandiosity, need for admiration
- Inability to empathize with others
- Greatly exaggerated sense of self-importance
Cluster C: anxious or fearful
Avoidant, Dependent, Compulsive
Avoidant PD
- Pervasive feeling of social discomfort, fear of negative evaluation
- Wants to be liked but easily hurt by minimal signs of disapproval
Dependent PD
- Submissive and clinging behaviors
- Afraid of separating from people
Obsessive-Compulsive PD
- Orderliness, perfectionism, and mental and interpersonal inflexibility
- Preoccupied with details and rules
- Marked need for control
Prevalence rates of PD in general population?
10%
Primary appraisal (of stress
Evaluation of the challenge, threat, or harm posed by an event.
Secondary appraisal (of stress)
Assessment of our ABILITIES and resources for COPING with the event.
Immunosuppression
The decreased production of immune agents (caused by the release of cortisol and CRF).
General Adaptation Syndrom (3 stages)?
Alarm (mobilization of the body in reaction to threat)
Resistance (body is physiologically activated to respond to threat)
Exhaustion (body’s resources are depleted by chronic stress)
Top 2 leading causes of death in the US?
CVD (cardiovascular disease/heart disease), Cancer
Hypertension and CHD
High blood pressure, chest pains
Primary Prevention (of CVD)
Encouraging healthy behaviors, media campaigns increasing awareness
Secondary Prevention (of CVD)
Coping skills, weight reduction, decreased alcohol use, reduce intake of salt, Biofeedback
