Chem

Question 1

Dynamic equilibrium occurs when

Answer 1

evaporation and condensation happen at equal rates.

Question 2

Vapor pressure increases with

Answer 2

temperature

Question 3

The vapor pressure of a liquid depends strongly on

Answer 3

the strength of its intermolecular torces.

Question 4

Liquids with high vapor pressure evaporate _____ and have ____ intermolecular forces

Answer 4

easily, weak

Question 5

Liquids with low vapor pressure have

Answer 5

have strong intermolecular forces, such as strong London dispersion forces or strong dipole-dipole forces

Question 6

Intermolecular forces are

Answer 6

forces of attraction that exist between molecules.

Question 7

Intramolecular forces

Answer 7

exist within a molecule.

Question 8

Which is stronger, intermolecular or intramolecular

Answer 8

Intramolecular because chargers are larger and closer together

Question 9

lon-ion interactions occur between

Answer 9

oppositely charged ions in ionic compounds.

These interactions are very strong, giving ionic compounds high melting and boiling points.

Question 10

Dipole-dipole interactions occur between

Answer 10

polar molecules due to their partial positive (St) and partial negative (8) charges.

Question 11

Hydrogen bonding is a

Answer 11

yery strong dipole-dipole interaction that occurs when hydrogen is bonded to F, 0, or N.

These elements strongly attract electrons, making hydrogen highly positive

Responsible for the unusually high boiling and melting points of water

Question 13

Dispersion forces are the

Answer 13

weakest kind of intermolecular attraction and occur between all molecules. They are caused by the motion of electrons, which can temporarily create uneven electron distributions.

Question 14

Viscosity is the

Answer 14

resistance of a liquid to flow caused by intermolecular attractions.

Question 15

Liquids with weaker intermolecular forces have ____ viscosity, and flow more easily

Answer 15

lower

Question 16

while liquids with stronger intermolecular forces have ____ viscosity. and flow more slowly.

Answer 16

higher

Question 17

Surface tension is

Answer 17

the energy required to increase the surface area of a liquid.

Question 18

The viscosity of a liquid ____ as temperature increases.

Answer 18

decreases

Question 19

Surface tension ____ as temperature increases because molecules gain enough kinetic energy to counteract attractive forces.

Answer 19

decreases

Question 20

Capillarity is the

Answer 20

ability of a liquid to rise in a narrow tube against gravity.

Question 21

Surface tension ____ as temperature increases because molecules gain enough kinetic energy to counteract attractive forces.

Answer 21

decreases

Question 22

Concave meniscus occurs when

Answer 22

adhesive forces are stronger than cohesive forces, causing the liquid to climb the container walls (e.g., water)

Question 23

Convex meniscus occurs when

Answer 23

cohesive forces are stronger than adhesive forces, causing the liquid to form a dome shape (e.g., mercury due to metallic bonding)

Question 24

Vaporization is the phase change in which a

Answer 24

substance changes from liquid to gas. It can occur through boiling or sublimation.

Question 25

Evaporation is a type of

Answer 25

vaporization that occurs below the boiling point. Liquids with weaker intermolecular forces evaporate more easily and are considered more volatile.

Question 26

Concave meniscus occurs when

Answer 26

adhesive forces are stronger than cohesive forces, causing the liquid to climb the container walls (e.g., water)