childrens fractures

Question 1

features of a non-accidental injury

Answer 1

• Any obvious or suspected fractures in a child under <2yr
• Injuries in various stages of healing, especially burns and bruises
• More injuries than usually seen in children of the same age
• Injuries scattered on many areas of the body
• Increased intracranial pressure in an infant
• Suspected intra-abdominal trauma in a young child
• Any injury that does not fit the description of the cause given

Question 2

presentation of a fracture

Answer 2

• bruising
• swelling
• deformity
• point tenderness
• sensation
• sweating
• skin wrinkling

Question 3

investigations

Answer 3

• x-ray
• ultrasound
• arthrogram
• MRI
• CT

Question 4

what does diaphyseal mean

Answer 4

joint above and below elbow immobilised

Question 5

what does metaphyseal mean

Answer 5

adjacent joint immobilised

Question 6

what is treatment for an unstable metaphyseal

Answer 6

percutaneous fixation

Question 7

what is treatment for unstable diaphyseal

Answer 7

• flexible nailing

- conservative

Question 8

what is the salter harris classification of physeal fractures

Answer 8

Straight across - 1
Above - 2
Lower or beLow - 3
Two or Through - 4
ERasure of growth plate or cRush - 5

Question 9

what are some indications for external fixation

Answer 9

• contaminated wounds
• acute vascular injury
• burns
• multiple injuries

Question 10

is compartment syndrome a complication of a fracture

Answer 10

yes

Question 11

symptoms of compartment syndrome

Answer 11

• paraethesia
• pallor
• paralysis
• poikilothermia
• pulseless
• pain of passive extension