radiology

Question 1

name some fracture appearances

Answer 1

• lucency crossing bone
• cortical extension
• spiral/transverse
• comminution
• joint involvement
• angulation
• displacement
• impaction

Question 2

what is an acute avulsion fracture

Answer 2

when a small chunk of bone attached to a tendon or ligament gets pulled away from the main part of the bone

Question 3

where does bony alignment need to be assessed in the upper limb

Answer 3

• acromioclavicular
• glenohumeral
• elbow
• lateral wrist

Question 4

what is seen on x-ray if an elbow effusion is present

Answer 4

a displaced fat pad posterior to the distal humerus

Question 5

what is the growth plate

Answer 5

a lucency between the epiphysis and metaphysis that may stimulate a fracture

Question 6

what does comminuted mean

Answer 6

when the bone is broken into three or more pieces

Question 7

what do intra-capsular fractures do

Answer 7

• interfere with blood supply to femoral head
• prone to femoral head AVN
• treated by hemiarthroplasty

Question 8

what do extra-capsular fractures do

Answer 8

• don’t affect blood supply to femoral head
• don’t get femoral head AVN
• treated by internal fixation using DHS

Question 9

what is the patient at risk of with femoral shaft fractures

Answer 9

blood loss and fat embolus

Question 10

what is a significant knee soft tissue injury usually accompanied by

Answer 10

an effusion which fills the suprapatellar space

Question 11

what is lipohaemarthrosis

Answer 11

fat floating on blood in the suprapatellar recess

-sign of intra-articular fracture