SA node is supplied by ____
Right vagus nerve
Av node is supplied by___
Left vagus nerve
Postganglionic sympathetic nervous system release acetylcholine to__
Sweat glands
Neuromuscular junction
Cholinergic system is present in _____
List 6
Central cholinergic system
Preganglionic sympathetic system
Preganglionic parasympathetic system
Postganglionic parasympathetic system
Few postganglionic sympathetic system
Motor neurons supplying neuromuscular junction
All neurotransmitters are peptide in nature and are synthesized in____
Cell body
Acetyl coa is released from__
Mitochondria
Difference between conduction and transmission
Conduction – movement of impulses along the neuronal membrane
Transmission – movement of impulses from presynaptic to postsynaptic membrane
The group of proteins on the vessicle carrying acetylcholine are called___
Synaptobrevin
The protein in the membrane of the nerve endings are called
Syntaxin
List the substances that interfere with cholinergic transmission
Hemicholinuim- inhibits choline transporters
Vesimicol- inhibits ACH proton transporters
Botulinum toxin- breaks down/ degrades synaptobrevin and syntaxin leading to paralysis
Lactro toxin ( black widow spider)- causes excessive interaction of syntaxin and synaptobrevin leading to excessive release of ACH which results in cholinergic crisis
Functions of m1 receptors
Causes histamine release in gastric glands
Causes increased intestinal secretions in enteric neurons
Improves learning memory and motor activity
What is the common antagonist of muscarinic receptors
Atropine
M2 receptors are present in____
List 6
SA node
AV node
Atrial and ventricular musculature
Cholinergic nerve endings
Cns
Visceral smooth muscle
What is the specific agonist for M2
Methacholine
What is the specific agonist for M3
Bethanecol
Special agonist for Nn receptor is____
Dimethyl phenyl piperazine
Special agonist of Nm is
Phenylmethyl ammonium
Special antagonist of Nm is___
alpha - Bungarotoxin
Tubocurarine
Special antagonist of Nn is
Hexamethonium
Trimethaphan
M2 results in___
Decreased calcium influx
Increased potassium efflux
Stimulation of M2 receptors in SA node results in____
Decreased in rate of discharge this decreased heart rate
Summary
Negative chromotropic effect
Stimulation of M2 receptors in atria musculature leads to____
Decreased contractility
Which is negative inotropic effect
CNS has all types of cholinergic receptors except ___
Nm
