Cinematography

Question 1

shot

Answer 1

• can establish stylistic + narrative
• uninterrupted image betw. 2 edits
• continuous run of film
• usually under 10s

Question 2

scene

Answer 2

• multiple/1 shot
• segment in narrative
• takes place 1 time+space

Question 3

high-contrast

Answer 3

• bright white highlights, black area, narrow range of shades
• stark/dramatic

Question 4

low-contrast

Answer 4

• many intermediate grays/colour shades in betw., no true white/black
• muted emotional state

Question 5

chiaroscuro

Answer 5

• dramatic effect of contrasting areas of light and dark

- film noir

Question 6

saturated and desaturated colors

Answer 6

-intensity of the colour

Question 7

underexposure and overexposure

Answer 7

-amount of light that passes through camera

Question 8

fast-motion and slow-motion

Answer 8

• speed film is shot + projected
  fast: shooting slower speed (expressive/subjective)
  slow: shoot faster than 24fps (prolong/emphasize)

Question 9

wide-angle lens

Answer 9

• short focal length
• enhances depth
• skews lines at edge
• perceive a greater distance

Question 10

telephoto lens

Answer 10

long

• magnify things at distance
• reduction/condensing of planes
• it takes ppl longer to walk

Question 11

zoom lens

Answer 11

-rapid magnification/demagnification

Question 12

depth of field

Answer 12

• what is in focus

- range of distances within which objects can be in sharp focus

Question 13

selective focus

Answer 13

• only 1/more planes in focus
• we tend to look at what’s in focus
• tells us where to look

Question 14

deep focus cinematography

Answer 14

• gaze can go anywhere

- fore, middle, background in focus

Question 15

rack focus

Answer 15

-depth of field changing

Question 16

superimposition

Answer 16

-images laid over are another, multiple perspectives

Question 17

mask

Answer 17

• changes images shape
• iris: circular mask over lens or over printer
• blocks out certain portions of frame

Question 18

low-angle and high-angle shot vs. straight on

Answer 18

• low: look up

- high: look down

Question 19

canted vs. level framing

Answer 19

• canted: slanted

- level: parallel to horizon

Question 20

shot scale: ELS, LS, MLS, MS, MCU, CU, ECU

Answer 20

• ELS: human dwarfed
• LS: more prominent
• MLS: knees up
• MS: waist up
• MCU: chest up
• CU: face/hand/foot
• ECU: miniscule part of

Question 21

pan vs. tilt

Answer 21

pan: rotates on fixed vertical axis
tilt: rotates on fixed horizontal axis

Question 22

tracking shot vs. crane shot

Answer 22

• move on the ground often allongside characters

- crane: vertical movement into the air

Question 23

hand-held camera vs. steadicam

Answer 23

• hand: shakiness

- steady: controlled body mount

Question 24

Renaissance perspective

Answer 24

• creates an illusion of depth-vanishing point + scaling of size
• Jesus painting

Question 25

split-screen imagery

Answer 25

-composite image of multiple

Question 26

reframing

Answer 26

-frame follows/adjusts to movement

Question 27

cinematography

Answer 27

- how camera captures M-E-S - writing in movement - camera will regulate how light will be registered on medium

Question 28

sequence

Answer 28

- flexible term - single stretch of actions/portion - 1+multiple scenes - shot

Question 29

filters

Answer 29

- achieve effect for camera | - important in outdoor shots when can't use ighting filter

Question 30

framing

Answer 30

- boundaries of image - dimension and shape: aspect ratio and masking - onscreen and offscreen space - camera position: angle, level, height, and distance

Question 31

Duration of the shot

Answer 31

-rhythm across multiple shots

Question 32

long take/prolonged take

Answer 32

-shot that exists for a considerable amount of time (typically in excess of 30-45 seconds) without any break in filming

Question 33

sequence shot

Answer 33

-long take that possesses its own internal logic and seems self-sufficient

Question 34

photographic qualities of the shot

Answer 34

- range of tonalities: how light registers on film | - film stock, rate of exposure, and filters

Question 35

range of tonalities

Answer 35

- finely detailed, saturation, vivid, high/low contrast - speed of motion - perspective: lens choice + depth of field - control of image's range of tines + shades

Question 36

dimension

Answer 36

- aspect ratio - standard: 30s-50s-academy ratio 1.33:1 - 50s- : 1.85:1/2.35:1 - contemporary: widescreen=1.85:1

Question 37

onscreen/offscreen

Answer 37

- can suggest alot about offscreen space | - anything up, down, left, right, behind things, behind camera zones

Question 38

high vs. low camera

Answer 38

-height of camera

Question 39

POV shot

Answer 39

- provides us with vantage of story world from character POV | - subjective narration

Question 40

lens

Answer 40

- distance from centre of lens to point where light rays converge to a point of focus on film - alters size+proportions+how much depth we perceive