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circulatory system Flashcards

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1
Q

the ciculatory system consists of 3 main components

A

heart,blood vessels and blood.

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2
Q

circulatory system function

A

The circulatory system transports materials, regulates the body, and protects against disease.

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3
Q

the 2 Double circulation

A

pulmonary and systemic circulation

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4
Q

Pulmonary circuits

A

carries blood between the Heart and the lungs

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5
Q

Systemic circuits

A

carries blood between the heart and the rest of the body.

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6
Q

the right side of the heart carries

A

deooxygenated blood to the lungs

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7
Q

the left side of the heart carries

A

oxygenated blood to the body.

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8
Q

septum

A

The septum is the thick wall of muscle that divides the heart into the left and right sides.

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9
Q

the heart has 4 muscular chambers

A

2 atrias and two ventricles.

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10
Q

ATRIA

A

The atria are the top chambers of the heart that receive blood.

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11
Q

Right atrium

A

receives oxygen-poor blood from the body.

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12
Q

Left atrium

A

receives oxygen-rich blood from the lungs.

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13
Q

Right ventricle

A

: pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs.

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14
Q

Left ventricle

A

pumps oxygen-rich blood to the body (it’s the strongest chamber).

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15
Q

ventricle

A

Ventricles are the bottom chambers of the heart that pump blood out.

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16
Q

2 main types of blood vessels surrounding the heart

A

arteries and veins

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17
Q

Arteries

A

Carry blood away from the heart to organs throughout the body

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18
Q

Pulmonary arteries

A

carry blood away from the right side of the heart to the lungs

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19
Q

Aorta(systemic artery)

A

Carry blood from the left side of the heart to the body.

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20
Q

what type of blood does the aorta carry

A

oxygenated blood.

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21
Q

Veins

A

carry blood into the heart

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22
Q

Pulmonary veins

A

carry blood from the lung to the heart

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23
Q

vena cava( systemic veins)

A

carry blood from the body to the heart

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24
Q

coronary arteries

A

supply the heart muscle with oxygenated blood.

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25
Valves
Valves are flaps in the heart that stop blood from going backwards.
26
atrioventricular
let blood flow from the atria to the ventricles and stop it from going back up
27
Semilunar valves
let blood leave the heart and stop it from flowing back into the ventricles.
28
lub dub sound is caused by
the closing of the valves
29
lub
closing of AV valves
30
dub
closing of the semilunar valves.
31
Heart Murmur
An unusual sound made by the heart when blood doesn’t flow smoothly through the valves.
32
first step of blood flow through circulatory system
deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium through the inferior and superior systemic veins(vena cava)
33
2nd step of blood flow through the circulatory system
contraction of the right atrium forces blood into the right ventricle.
34
3rd step of blood flow thorugh circulatory system
right ventricle contracts, it pushes blood through the right semilunar (pulmonary) valve and sends that blood into the right and left pulmonary arteries, which carry it to the lungs.
35
4th step of blood flow thorugh circulatory system
oxygenated blood enters the left atrium through the right and left pulmonary veins
36
5th step o bflood flow through circulatory system
contraction of the left atrium forces blood past the left atrioventricular valve, into the left ventricle.
37
6th step of blood flow through circulatory system
contraction of the left ventricle forces blood past the left semilunar valve into the aorta( systemtic artery)
38
the heartbeat and rhythm are controlleeed by a conduction system consititing of
Av and SA Nodes and Conduction fibers
39
Av nodes
delays the signal from the SA node, letting ventricles fill before they contract.
40
Sa nodes
starts each heartbeat and makes the atria contract.
41
Cinduction fibers
Special heart cells that carry electrical signals very fast.
42
AV bundle
carries the signal from the AV node to the ventricles.
43
Purjkinje fibers
Special conduction fibres that spread electrical signals through the ventricles.
44
Bundle branches
Two pathways (right and left) that carry the electrical signal through the AV nodess to the septum
45
steps of impulse pathway
SA node → Atria → AV node → AV bundle → Bundle branches → Purkinje fibres
46
Cardiac cycle
one complete heart beat
47
contraction
systole is when the heart pumps
48
relaxation
diastole is when the heat chambers fill
49
what happnes to volume and pressue when the heart contracts
Decreases volume and increases pressue.
50
what happnes to volume and pressue when the heart relaxes.
increases volume and decreases pressuree
51
valves open and close in
high pressure and close behing in high pressure
52
3 main stages of cardiac cycle.
atrial and ventricular diastole, atrial systole and ventricular diastole, atrial diastole and ventricular systole.
53
atrial and ventricular diastole
Atrial and ventricular diastole is when both the atria and ventricles relax and fill with blood.
54
what happens to the semilunar and av valves in the first step
Av valves open and semilunar valves close
55
Atrial systole and ventricular diastole
means the atria are contracting to push blood into the ventricles, while the ventricles are relaxed and filling with that blood.
56
what happens to the semilunar and av valves in the secong step
Av valves are pushed open bt high pressure and semilunar valves are closed
57
Atrial diastole and ventricular systole
the atria are relaxed and filling with blood while the ventricles are contracting to pump blood out of the heart.
58
what happens to the semilunar and av valves in the 3rd step
av valves and semilunar valves are pushed open by high pressure
59
3 main types of blood vessels.
arteries, capillaries, veins
60
arteries function
carry blood away from the heart thorughout the body
61
arteries blood pressure
high
62
artieries structure
Arteries have thick, strong, and elastic walls because they carry blood away from the heart under high pressure.
63
loaction of arteries
deep in tissues
64
cappillaries function
Capillaries are the smallest blood vessels where the exchange of nutreints and waste
65
blood pressure capillaries
low pressure and low velocity due to increased surface area and decreased diameter
66
capillaries structure
small diameter that form networksthat reavhes every cell in the body, walls are thin
67
cappilaries location
found near almost every cell in the body.
68
Veins function
carry blood into to the heart from the tissue throughout the body
69
veins pressure
blood flows at low pressure
70
veins structure
thin muscle layer and less elasticity, has one way valvles.
71
arteries have the
highest blood pressure
72
cappaleries have
low bp
73
veins have the
lowest bp
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