Classics - Test 3

Question 1

Aphrodite

Answer 1

• born from the sea
• assoc. with swan, bath, dove, Cyprus
• won judgement of Paris
• Cythera
• lovers: anchises (son Aeneas) and Pygmalion (Paphos)
• often accompanied by muses

Question 2

Eros

Answer 2

• assoc. with wreath/crown, ball, arrow
• son of ares + aphrodite
• rejected by Atalanta
• loves Psyche –> golden ass, shows one should care for ones soul more than another person

Question 3

Ares

Answer 3

• liked thrace

- sided with trojans

Question 4

Artemis

Answer 4

• assoc. with virginity, childbirth, wild animals, hunting, bows/arrows, quiver, deer
• daughter of leto and zeus, twin of apollo
• mt. Cythus/Ortygia
• Tityos > tried to rape her on way to delphi
• niobe > bragged/insulted mother (killed the kids)
• actaeon > saw artemis nude = killed
• agamemnon > sacrificed daughter to her

Question 5

Athena

Answer 5

• citadel/acropolis
• born from zeus’ head after he swallowed her mother
• assoc. with craft, armor, olive-related stuff, “owl-eyed/gray-eyed”
• Arachne
• competed with Poseidon for athens

Question 6

Nike

Answer 6

• victory

- close to athena

Question 7

Hades

Answer 7

• “reciever of many/lord of all/unseen one”
• helmet makes ppl invisible
• raped/abducted persephone
• gates keep dead inside

Question 8

Persephone

Answer 8

• “Kore [girl/daughter]”

- assoc. with poppy flowers, pomegranate seeds, torches, grain, plow, magical chariot with serpents and wings

Question 9

Demeter

Answer 9

• assoc. with grain, earth
• “Giver of all/bringer of seasons/queen deo”
• Iambe > made her laugh with obscenities after persephone kidnapped

Question 10

Dionysus

Answer 10

• “Nysus of Zeus”
• assoc. with wine/intoxication, dolphins, drama, kantharos cup, grape vine, skin [leopard/deer], ivy, drinking horn, thyrsus
• son of zeus and semele of thebes [born from zeus’ thigh since mother was killed by zeus’ god form]

Question 11

Satyrs

Answer 11

• rowdy companions of dionysus (komos = dionysiac revel)

- horse tail/ears, sometimes legs

Question 12

Bacchae & Maenads

Answer 12

• lycurgus (thracian king) tried to drive nurses of nysus away (they looked like maenads)
• thetis sheltered dionysus
• zeus blinded lycugus (dead)

Question 13

Heracles

Answer 13

went down to underworld to release friends theseus and help pirithous try to kidnap persephone for a bride

Question 14

Danaids

Answer 14

• killed 50 cousins who they were betrothed to marry on their wedding night
• punished for shedding kindred blood
• carried water in leaky vessels

Question 15

Tantalus

Answer 15

• stole ambrosia and nectar of the gods
• teased by hunger and thirst
• stone suspended over the head
• butchered and served to gods by son
• gods praised the son

Question 16

Ixion

Answer 16

• invited by zeus to dinner on olympus
• repaid zeus by trying to seduce hera
• produced first centaur with cloud of hera
• strapped to wheel of fire with snakes as punishment

Question 17

Odysseus

Answer 17

• went to underworld to speak to Tiresias (seer)

- finds elpenor who needs to be buried properly or he will continue to haunt odysseus

Question 18

Aeneas

Answer 18

• went to underworld to see his father/ask him for advice
• sibyl of cumae is his guide
• finds golden bough to give to persephone

Question 19

Orpheus

Answer 19

• fantastic poet (thoguht ot be a possible son of apollo)
• wife was fatally bitten by snake on their wedding day
• plays for king and queen of the dead and almost gets her back but falls short at the threshold

Question 20

apotropaic

Answer 20

one that turns away evil influences

Question 21

Er

Answer 21

• supposedly dead but is found alive 10 days after when funeral pyres were arranged and tells all about what the afterlife is like, including the river of forgetfulness (Lethe)

Question 22

Sisyphus

Answer 22

• damned to push a boulder up a hill only to have it fall everyday because of his trickery