Classics - Test 4

Question 0

Enkidu

Answer 0

• creation of Gilgamesh

- first primitive mortal man

Question 1

Gilgamesh

Answer 1

• one oldest cycle stories in world
• basis for hero legends across east and west
• mate of Ishtar

Question 2

Humbaba

Answer 2

• guardian of the forest

Question 3

Utnapishtim

Answer 3

• hebrew Noah

Question 4

Perseus

Answer 4

• hero who was born of Danaë and imprisoned with mother by grandfather
• saved by Dictys
• sent by Polydectes to slay medusa
• founded Mycenae

Question 5

Io

Answer 5

• mistress of Zeus whom Hera turned into a cow out of rage and is guarded in Mycenae by Argus (100 eyed monster)

Question 6

Danaïds

Answer 6

• fifty daughters of Danaus who were betrothed to their fifty cousins
• 49 killed their husbands on their wedding night
  - sentenced to impossible deed in the Underworld
• Hypermnestra spared

Question 7

Acrisius

Answer 7

• king of Argos
• father of Danaë
• grandfather of Perseus

Question 8

Danaë

Answer 8

• mother of Perseus with Zeus as the father

- impregnated by golden rain

Question 9

Polydectes

Answer 9

• brother of DIctys
• persued Danae
• defeated by Perseus

Question 10

Medusa

Answer 10

• gorgon who was killed by Perseus

- bore Pegasus and Chimera out of neck when beheaded by Perseus

Question 11

Graeae

Answer 11

• sisters of gorgons who helped Perseus find his way to slay Medusa

Question 12

Andromeda

Answer 12

• princess chained to rock because her mother was boastful of her beauty
• saved from sea monster by Perseus

Question 13

catasterism

Answer 13

transformation into constellation

Question 14

Alcmena

Answer 14

• mother of Heracles with Zeus who took the form of her husband

Question 15

Eurystheus

Answer 15

• father of Amphitryon (biological “father” of Heracles)

Question 16

Amphitryon

Answer 16

• biological “father” of Heracles and pure father of Iphicles

Question 17

Megara

Answer 17

• princess of Thebes
• first wife of Heracles
• killed with her children in Heracles rage caused by Hera

Question 18

Nemean Lion

Answer 18

• Lion of Nemea Heracles killed as one of the 12 labors

Question 19

Lernaean Hydra

Answer 19

• multiple-headed serpant that regrew heads after previous ones were severed

Question 20

Ceryneian Deer

Answer 20

• sacred deer of artemis Heracles injured then returned per order of his half sister/brother
• artemis forgave him since he was ordered to do it and not attempting to intentionally kill the sacred animal

Question 21

Erymanthian Boar

Answer 21

• boar Heracles was sent to capture for 12 labors deed

Question 22

Chiron

Answer 22

• centaur whom Heracles wounded with poison arrows

Question 23

Augean Stable

Answer 23

• stables Heracles had to clean for King Augeas as 12 labor deed

Question 24

Stymphalian Birds

Answer 24

- dangerous and annoying birds Heracles lured out of forest and shot with arrows

Question 25

Cretan Bull

Answer 25

- bull Heracles captured and brought back to peloponnese | - later wandered to Isthmus where Theseus killed the bull

Question 26

Diomedes Horses

Answer 26

- flesh eating horses Heracles was sent to capture

Question 27

Admetus

Answer 27

- apollo ordered to serve under him for a year | - treated god well = given a gift of not dying if he could find someone to die in his place

Question 28

Alcestis

Answer 28

- died for husband's eternal life (Admetus)

Question 29

Hippolyta Girdle

Answer 29

- belt of amazonian Heracles was sent to fetch

Question 30

Geryon Cattle

Answer 30

- three-headed monster whose cattle were the tenth task of Heracles

Question 31

Hesperides Apples

Answer 31

- Heracles held up the world for atlas while he took the apples from the golden tree that zeus gave to Hera as a wedding present - atlas tried to trick him but no such luck

Question 32

metopes

Answer 32

- 12 stone panels that depict the 12 labors of Heracles | - mounted near Olympian temple of Zeus

Question 33

Iole

Answer 33

- daughter of Eurystheus - originally offered to be prize of archery contest but when Heracles won, the king refused - Heracles killed Iole's brother Iphitus as a result

Question 34

Omphale

Answer 34

- lover of Heracles for 3 yrs | - liked to watch him prance in negligee and spin thread

Question 35

Cercopes

Answer 35

- two ruffians who robbed a passerby - treated cruelly when caught by Heracles - "Black Butt"

Question 36

Deianira

Answer 36

- last wife of Heracles | - poisoned husband with robe and later killed herself

Question 37

Achelous

Answer 37

- river god Heracles wrestled to defend Deianira

Question 38

Nessus

Answer 38

- centaur who ferried travelers across a river - took liking to Deianira and tried to rape her - defended by Heracles - tricked Deianira into taking his blood --> downfall of heracles

Question 39

epic

Answer 39

long narrative poem primarily about heroes mostly written in dactylic hexameter

Question 40

hero cult

Answer 40

ritual(s) used to celebrate the supernatural/exemplary powers of heroes after they have died