climate change

Question 1

what is climate change?

Answer 1

unequivocal

Question 2

what period do we take information from?
[last 2.6 million years]

Answer 2

quaternary period

Question 3

how much have tmeps raised since 1980

Answer 3

0.85 degrees

Question 4

evidencde for climate change:

Answer 4

• tree rings [ grow thicker in warm, wet conditions]
• shrinking glaciers
  [artic glacier - 65% smaller] = sea levels rise
  -** ice cores [proxies]
  snow falls and preserved gasses inside it **
• temperature records = increasing

Question 5

climate change NATURAL causes:

Answer 5

-** volcanic activity**

**- solar acitvity **

• orbital change

Question 6

climate change human activities:

Answer 6

• burning fossil fuels
• farming
• de forestation
• cement production

Question 7

climate change effects on the enviroment:

Answer 7

• increased draught
• wild fires
• glaciers shrink & ice sheets melt = sea level rise
• coral reefs bleaching & decrease in biodiversity e.g Great barrier reef
• increased flooding & coastal ereosion e.g Holderness

Question 8

climate change affect on people:

Answer 8

• deaths due to heat
• smaller crop yeild = less income and food
• drought reduces food and water supplies e,g Africa = malnutrition
• increased chance of skin cancers/stoke

Question 9

explain the global temp changes in the quaternary period?

Answer 9

• shifts from cold glacial periods and warmer interglacial
  [both lasting around 10 000 years]

Question 9

how does cement production inc climate change?

Answer 9

• cement made from limestone which contains carbon
• cement is produces = release lots of CO2

Question 10

how does deforestation inc climate change?

Answer 10

• plants = carbon sinks
• when cut down = stop absorbing CO2
• machines to destroy/burning of trees release CO2

Question 11

how does farming inc climate change?

Answer 11

• cattle & rice = release large amounts of methene

Question 12

explain the natural cause of climate change : volcanic acitivity

Answer 12

• volcanic eruptions eject large quanties of material into atmosphere
• some particles may reflect sun rays back to space = earth cool
• soot may completely cover sun = tempory cooling of the earth

Question 13

explain the natural cause of climate change : solar output
[not a major affect on climate change]

Answer 13

• how much energy the sun emits [changes in cycles of 11 years]
• less solar output = cooler
• more solar output = hotter

Question 14

explain the natural cause of climate change : orbital change

Answer 14

• affects how much solar radiation hits the earth
  [more energy = warmer]
  variotions:
• stretch [eliptical/circular orbit]
• tilt
• wobble

Question 15

3 adaptations to climate change:

Answer 15

• **managing water supply
• coping w rising sea levels
• changing agricultural systems

Question 16

explain the adaptation to climate change: managing water supply

Answer 16

• rain water is collected and recycled [water butts]
• water meters installed in homes to discourage excessive use

Question 17

explain the adaptation of climate change : coping w rising sea levels

Answer 17

• better flood warning systems
• flood barries installed [Thames barrior in London]
  LIC = Bangladesh building raised flood shelters 2000

Question 18

explain the adaptation of climate change : changing agricultural systems

Answer 18

• GM crops which a draught resistant
  etc [using bio technology]

Question 19

mitigation stratgies of climate change:

Answer 19

• planting trees
  [absorbs CO2]
• carbon capture
  [underground, safe]
• international agreements [2015 Paris agreement reduce C02 emmisions and limit global warming e.g Brazil promised 37% by 2025]
• using renewable energy