Clinical NUT and Programs

Question 1

What are the steps in the Nutrition Care Process?

Answer 1

assessment, diagnosis, intervention, monitoring and evaluation (ADIME)

Question 2

What is a nutrition screening?

Answer 2

Assesses risk of malnutrition or malnutrition by any health care team member.

Question 3

What is nutrition assessment?

Answer 3

Complete assessment of the patient by an RD, including anthropometrics, biochem labs, PMH, diet hx, and physical exam.

Question 4

What does SGA stand for?

Answer 4

Medical hx, physical exam, intake, weight changes, GI sx, edema.

Question 5

What is MNA used for?

Answer 5

For individuals over 65 years old (does not assess weight changes).

Question 6

What does NSI stand for?

Answer 6

DETERMINE checklist - used for elderly to determine malnutrition.

Question 7

What does GNRI stand for?

Answer 7

Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (serum albumin, weight changes).

Question 8

What does MST assess?

Answer 8

Weight loss and poor intake - for acute hospitalized patients.

Question 9

What does NRS assess?

Answer 9

Weight loss and poor intake - for hospitalized medical/surgical patients over 70 years old.

Question 10

What does MUST assess?

Answer 10

Intake, weight changes, and BMI.

Question 11

What is involved in Assessment?

Answer 11

ABCDE: Anthropometrics, Biochem Data (labs), Clinical Hx (PMH), Diet Hx (24H recall, food journal, etc), Exam (NFPE).

Question 12

What are the three domains of Diagnosis?

Answer 12

ICB: Intake (NI), Clinical (NC), Behavioral-Environmental (MNB).

Question 13

How to write out a nutrition diagnosis?

Answer 13

Written as: problem related to etiology (why) as evidenced by signs and symptoms (how do you know).

Example: inadequate oral intake related to decreased appetite as evidenced by weight loss of 5% in one week and patient reporting <50% intake of meals.

Question 14

What waist circumference indicates risk for chronic diseases?

Answer 14

Over 40 inches in males and over 35 inches in females.

Question 15

What waist to hip ratio indicates risk for heart disease?

Answer 15

Over 1.0 in males and over 0.8 in females.

Question 16

What is the IBQ for amputees formula?

Answer 16

100 - % amputation/100 x IBW.

Question 17

What are the % amputations for the entire leg?

Answer 17

16%.

Question 18

What are the % amputations for BKA?

Answer 18

6%.

Question 19

What are the % amputations for the entire arm?

Answer 19

5%.

Question 20

What are the % amputations for forearm with hand?

Answer 20

2.3%.

Question 21

What is the IBW for SCI (spinal cord injury) for quadriplegia?

Answer 21

Subtract 10-15% from IBW.

Question 22

What is the IBQ for SCI for paraplegia?

Answer 22

Subtract 5-10% from IBW.

Question 23

How to calculate % weight change?

Answer 23

UBW-ABW/UBW x 100%.

Question 24

What is the protein balance equation?

Answer 24

Grams of PRO eaten/6.25 - (Urine Urea Nitrogen +4).

Question 25

What does our blood pH need to be for optimal health?

Answer 25

7.35-7.45.

Question 26

What occurs when pH falls below 7.35?

Answer 26

ACIDOSIS.

Question 27

What occurs when pH goes above 7.45?

Answer 27

ALKALOSIS.

Question 28

What two organs are responsible for maintaining pH?

Answer 28

Lungs and kidneys.

Question 29

What do our lungs control the supply of?

Answer 29

Carbonic acid (H2CO3) which is ACIDIC.

Question 30

What is the H2CO3/carbonic acid range?

Answer 30

35-45.

Question 31

What happens during hyperventilation?

Answer 31

Lose carbonic acid (alkalosis).

Question 32

What causes respiratory acidosis?

Answer 32

HYPOventilation KIDNEYS retain bicarbonate to increase pH

Question 33

What do our kidneys control the supply of?

Answer 33

Control our supply of bicarbonate (HCO3) which is ALKALINE.

Question 34

What is the HCO3/bicarbonate range?

Answer 34

24-28.

Question 35

what causes respiratory alkalosis

Answer 35

HYPERventilation KIDNEYS excrete excess bicarb to DECREASE pH

Question 36

What causes metabolic acidosis?

Answer 36

Renal insufficiency LUNGS hyperventilate to get rid of carbonic acid and INCREASE pH

Question 37

What causes metabolic acidosis?

Answer 37

Bicarbonate below 24. ## Footnote Causes include renal insufficiency, diarrhea, DKA/starvation (increased acid from ketones).

Question 38

What happens during metabolic alkalosis?

Answer 38

Bicarbonate above 28. ## Footnote Causes include vomiting (loss of acid) and diuretics (loss of acid).

Question 39

What are the extracellular electrolytes?

Answer 39

Sodium, calcium, chloride, bicarbonate.

Question 40

What are the intracellular electrolytes?

Answer 40

Potassium, magnesium, phosphorus.

Question 41

What is the normal lab range for sodium?

Answer 41

135-145 mEq/L.

Question 42

What is the normal lab range for potassium?

Answer 42

3.5-5 mEq/L.

Question 43

What is the normal lab range for chloride?

Answer 43

96-106 mEq/L.

Question 44

What is the normal lab range for magnesium?

Answer 44

1.5-2.5 mEq.

Question 45

What is the normal lab range for calcium?

Answer 45

9-11 mg/dL.

Question 46

What is the normal lab range for phosphorus?

Answer 46

3.0-4.5 mg/dL.