closed circulatory systems

Question 1

what is the cardiovascular system organised into

Answer 1

heart 2-4 chambered

arteries take blood from the heart to organs

arterioles within organs pass blood into the capillaries

capillaries are where gaseous exchange occurs

capillaries turn into venules, which carry blood into the veins, which carry blood into the heart

Question 2

atria

Answer 2

receive the blood

Question 3

vesntricles

Answer 3

muscular pumping force

Question 4

single circulatory system

Answer 4

blood passes through the ehart once

Question 5

sinus venosus

Answer 5

collects the blood prior to it entering the atrium

Question 6

conus arteriosus

Answer 6

evens out blood pressure

Question 7

double circulatory system

Answer 7

blood passes through the heart twice

Question 8

pulmonary circuit

Answer 8

blood from the right

Question 9

systemic circuit

Answer 9

blood from the left

Question 10

the ability to re-pressurise blood twice allows for

Answer 10

rapidl delivery of blood flow to the organs, including brain and mucles

Question 11

how many chambers do amphibians have

Answer 11

3, 2 atria, 1 ventricle

Question 12

what does the ridge between the right and left ventricle do

Answer 12

reduces mixing

diverts oxygen poor blood from the right atrium into the polmocutaneous circuit

diverts oxygen rich blood into the systemic circuit

Question 13

foramen of panizza

Answer 13

pulmonary and systemic circuits meet where the aorta leaves the heart

Question 14

what does the foramen of Panizza allows

Answer 14

cardiac shunting- re-direct blood leaving the heart to reduce blood flow to lungs and allow that blood to go to other areas

Question 15

mammal and bird heart

Answer 15

t chambered

no mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood

required in organisms with a high metabolic rate (endotherms)

left is oxygenated, right is deoxygenated

Question 16

the cardiac cycle

Answer 16

two distinct psysiological functinos

contraction- heart pumps with blood- systole

relaxation-chambers fill with blood-diastole

Question 17

cardiac output= heart rate (bpm) X stroke volume (mL/beat)

Answer 17

cardiac output