1
Q
Noise Sensitive and Wilderness Areas
A
Shall be avoided when at altitudes of less then 3,000ft AGL except when in compliance with an approved:
- Traffic or approach pattern
- VR or IR route
- Special use airspace
2
Q
Blood Donation
A
- Minimum interval is 4 months
- Flight personnel in combat, flying in a shipboard environment, or flying operational missions shall not donate within 4 weeks prior to such flying
- Shall not participate in flight duties or perform low-pressure chamber runs for 4 days following donation of 1 pint of blood
- If subject to flying within 4 days of donation, must obtain command approval prior to donating
3
Q
Warning
A
Explanatory information about an operating procedure, practice, or condition, etc., that may result in injury, death, or loss of aircraft if not carefully followed
4
Q
Risk Assessment Definition
A
The process of detecting hazards and assessing associated risks
5
Q
Local Flying Area Definition
A
That area in the vicinity of an air installation in which locally-based aircraft can operate during an average/typical sorties flight time. The local flying area shall not exceed 350 miles from an air installation and be designated as such in the Air Operations Manual by the Commanding officer. In so far as practicable, local flying areas shall be bounded by prominent terrain features and/or air navigation air radials/distances.
6
Q
Embarkation of Passengers
A
- No person shall be enplaned as a passenger nor shall an cargo be embarked on a naval aircraft unless authorization has been granted by competent authority in accordance with applicable directives… Reporting custodians for helicopter units may authorize personnel to be embarked as passengers onboard their aircraft. This authority may be delegated to a designated detachment officer in charge when deployed or embarked. No person shall be carried in a taxiing aircraft as a passenger unless such person is authorized to fly in it or has been authorized by competent authority to be embarked therein.
2/3. Do not apply to Helicopters
- Helicopter and tiltrotor passenger overwater flights at night are authorized subject to the following restrictions: a. Ship launches and recoveries shall be made during daylight hours. This constraint may be waived by the Strike Group Commander, Amphibious Squadron Commander, Marine Air Ground Task Force Commander (MAGTF), or Officer in Tactical Command (OTC) in cases of operational necessity. b. In cases of Medical Evacuations (MEDEVAC), a qualified medical attendant who is current in approved water survival training (on-aircrew underwater emergency egress as a minimum training requirement), and has been properly briefed on emergency egress procedures for that aircraft, may be transferred at night with approval from the ship’s commanding officer. c. This does not preclude troop movement in support of amphibious exercises, visit board search and seizure (VBSS) level III operations, or SPECOPS training and operational missions.
- The pilots in command/mission commanders of a naval aircraft (while absent from home unit) may authorize air transportation for personnel and/or equipment not otherwise qualified for government air transportation (ie. civilian physicians, paramedic teams, sheriff department personnel, park rangers, search dogs, medical equipment, etc.) when required for the successful prosecution of a search and rescue (SAR), medical emergency evacuation (MEDEVAC), or disaster relief mission. This authority shall only be exercised when all practical means of obtaining authorization from competent authority in accordance with applicable directives have proven unsuccessful or unavailable. Appropriate authority shall be notified of such air transportation as soon as practicable.
7
Q
Should
A
used only when application of a procedure is recommended
8
Q
Note at beginning of CNAF
A
In the tactical environment, military exigency may require on-site deviations from instructions/procedures contained here. The existing risk of deviation must continually be weighed against the benefit of deviating from this manual. Deviation from specified flight and operating instructions is authorized in emergency situations when, in the judgment of the pilot in command, safety justifies such a deviation.
9
Q
Minimum Fuel
A
An advisory term indicating that in the judgement of the pilot the fuel state is such that no undue delay can be accepted en route to the destination. It is not an emergency situation, but undue delay may result in an emergency.
10
Q
Embarkation of Passengers 1/3
A
- No person shall be enplaned as a passenger nor shall an cargo be embarked on a naval aircraft unless authorization has been granted by competent authority in accordance with applicable directives…
Reporting custodians for helicopter units may authorize personnel to be embarked as passengers onboard their aircraft. This authority may be delegated to a designated detachment officer in charge when deployed or embarked. No person shall be carried in a taxiing aircraft as a passenger unless such person is authorized to fly in it or has been authorized by competent authority to be embarked therein.
11
Q
Instrument Meteorological Conditions Definition
A
Meteorological conditions expressed in terms of visibility, distance from clouds, and ceiling less than the minimums specified for visual meteorological conditions. IMC conditions exist anytime a visible horizon is not distinguishable.
12
Q
Will
A
indicates futurity and never indicates any degree of the requirement for application of a procedure
13
Q
Aircraft Commander Requirement
A
An aircraft commander shall be designated for the following multipiloted aircraft missions:
- operational/tactical missions
- administrative missions in helicopters/tiltrotors
- training flights, except those that are within the capabilities of the pilots of lower classification and which, in the opinion of the commanding officer, are best suited to teach such pilots self-reliance and command responsibility.
- flights in which the transport of passengers is involved.
14
Q
Landing/Taxi lights
A
Should be utilized for all taxi movements ashore during he hours of darkness unless a taxi signalman is directing the aircraft. use of those lights during landing approaches (both day and night) within class B, C, or D airspace is recommended when meteorological conditions permit.
15
Q
Embarkation of Passengers 3/3
A
- The pilots in command/mission commanders of a naval aircraft (while absent from home unit) may authorize air transportation for personnel and/or equipment not otherwise qualified for government air transportation (ie. civilian physicians, paramedic teams, sheriff department personnel, park rangers, search dogs, medical equipment, etc.) when required for the successful prosecution of a search and rescue (SAR), medical emergency evacuation (MEDEVAC), or disaster relief mission. This authority shall only be exercised when all practical means of obtaining authorization from competent authority in accordance with applicable directives have proven unsuccessful or unavailable. Appropriate authority shall be notified of such air transportation as soon as practicable.
16
Q
Safety Belt and Shoulder Harnesses
A
Each persons safety belt and shoulder harness shall be worn and tightened prior to takeoff and shall be worn until completion of the flight except when necessary activities require temporary removal. Inertia reels, where provided, shall be manually locked for all takeoffs and landings and at all other times when high g forces may be encountered except where the procedure is detrimental to safe operation. The number of persons over 2 years of age embarked in a naval aircraft for flight shall be restricted to the number for which there are adequate seats and safety belts. During takeoffs, landings, and at other times as specified by the pilot in command, each person over 2 years of age on board transport aircraft shall occupy a seat or berth and be secured with the safety belt provided for that purpose. Cabin seating requirement for C-2/COD aircraft, helicopters and tiltrotors may be eliminated when operational environment or aircraft configuration/load requirements dictate for the accomplishment of essential training and operations with the following guidelines:
- Applies to SPECOPS training and missions.
- Applies to dedicated lifesaving efforts, including humanitarian and SAR operations.
- Not to be used for routine operational training or personnel transfers. Applies only when tactical or procedural requirements exist for a specific mission or exercise.
- When seats are removed, passengers will be restrained by an appropriate alternate means.
17
Q
Fuel Purchase
A
Navy and Marine Corps flight persnnel are not authorized to purchase aircraft fuel/oil from other than military or government contract sources except when one of the following apply:
- Mission requirements dictate stopping at a facility without military or contract fuel sources
- The flight terminated as the result of an emergency
- The flight terminated at an alternate airport in lieu of filed destination
18
Q
Authorized Airfields - Civilian Airfield
A
Naval aircraft are permitted to operate at civilian airfields listed in the DoD Enroute Supplement when such operations contribute to mission accomplishment, add value to training, or are otherwise in the interests of the government and taxpayer… Civilian airfields shall not be used for RON unless required for mission accomplishment. In such cases, approval by the appropriate Wing/Group Commander is required. RON is authorized if require for aircraft maintenance or following an emergency divert.
19
Q
Pilot in Command
A
Pilot in command refers to the pilot of an individual aircraft. The pilot in command is responsible for the safe, orderly flight of the aircraft and well-being of the crew. The pilot in command may also be the mission commander or formation leader when so designated…
A pilot shall not be designated as pilot in command unless the pilot has mad at least two takeoffs and landings and logged 5 hours of pilot time in the same model aircraft within the preceding 90 days…
The authority and responsibility of the pilot in command shall not be transferred during flight. It shall not be transferred to another individual except as required by emergency, operational necessity, or as directed by the commanding officer of the unit to which the aircraft is attached. The authority and responsibility of a pilot in command is independent of rank or seniority in relation to other persons participating in the mission or flight except for the following: OTC embarked / flag or general officer embarked.
20
Q
ASAP Data requirements
A
- One report per flight shall be completed. Responsibility of the PIC/Mission commander to ensure this requirement is met.
- It is the responsibility of the aircrew members to submit additional reports for all issues which impacted the safe and orderly conduct of the flight/mission
- For formation flights, one report per section/division is sufficient if no event occurred.
- For cross-country or multiple leg flights, at least one report at the completion of the mission is required. If events occurred on multiple legs, individual ASAP reports should be completed for each of those events.
21
Q
Officer in Tactical Command Embarked
A
Wing, group, or squadron commander, if embarked on a mission involving aircraft of their command, retains full authority and responsibility regarding command, including the mission in which participating.
22
Q
Closed Airfields
A
All naval aircraft are prohibited from taking off or landing at closed airfields except in the case of an emergency.
23
Q
Criteria for Continuing Instrument Approaches to a Landing
A
Pilots shall not descend below the prescribed minimum descent altitude (MDA) or continue an approach below the decision height (DH) unless they have the runway environment in sight and in their judgment safe landing can be executed, either straight-in or from a circling approach, whichever is specified in their clearance.
24
Q
Jettisoning Fuel
A
Whenever practicable, fuel shall not be jettisoned (dumped) below an altitude of 6,000ft AGL. Should weather or emergency conditions dictate jettisoning at a lower altitude, every effort shall be made to avoid populated areas. When under positive control, the pilot in command should advise the air traffic control facility that fuel will be jettisoned.
25
Helo operations - Ground Operations
Air taxi/ground operations shall be conducted with sufficient horizontal separation to preclude damage to aircraft, property, or personnel. Pilots shall operate with the minimum required power while on the ground and shall be particularly alert to prevent foreign object damage and/or gust damage to their own and other aircraft
26
Simulated Instrument Approach Definition
An instrument approach flown under simulated instrument conditions
27
Multipiloted Aircraft Definition
Any aircraft having two sets of flight controls and instruments and operated by two pilots, both of who meet the requirements of the NATOPS manual for that model aircraft.
28
Weather Criteria for Filing
1. Actual weather at the point of departure at the time of clearance
2. Existing weather and forecast weather for the entire route of flight
3. Destination and alternate forecasts for a period of 1 hour before TA until 1 hour after ETA
29
ORM Principles
Accept risk when benefits outweigh the costs
Accept no unnecessary risk
Anticipate and manage risk by planning
Make risk decision at the right level
30
Flag or general officer embarked
The pilot in command of an aircraft with a flag or general officer eligible for command at sea or in the field embarked as a passenger shall be subject to the orders of such flag or general officer in accordance with U.S. Navy regulations. When such an embarked passenger exercises authority to command the aircraft, that passenger thereby assumes full responsibility for the safe and orderly conduct of the flight. The embarked passenger shall give due consideration to the judgement of the pilot in command regarding items of flight safety such as hazardous weather and aircraft/crew limitations. Flying rule violations, accident reports, and any other actions arising out of the flight will be referred to the embarked passenger as the responsible commander of the aircraft.
31
Simulated Instrument Conditions Definition
Conditions external to the aircraft in flight are visual meteorological conditions (VMC) but pilot vision is limited primarily to the interior of the aircraft
32
Land Immediately Definition
Execute a landing without delay
33
Minimum Fuel Requirements
All aircraft shall carry sufficient usable fuel, considering all meteorological factors and mission requirements as computed below:
1. If alternate is not required, fuel to fly from takeoff to destination airfield, plus a reserve of 10 percent of planned fuel requirements.
2. If alternate is required, fuel to fly from takeoff to approach fix serving destination and thence to an alternate airfield, plus a reserve of 10 percent of planned fuel requirements.
3. In no case shall the planned fuel reserve after the final landing at destination or alternate airfield, if one is required, be less than that needed for 20 minutes flight, computed: Turbine powered helicopters. Compute fuel consumption based on operation at planned flight altitude
4. Minimum fuel reserve requirements for specific model aircraft shall be contained in appropriate NATOPS manual
34
Authorized Airfields - DoD Airfield Facilities
1. Naval aircraft are authorized to operate at and land at all U.S. military and joint civil-military airfields. When planning to operate at other than home airfields, local training airfields or OLFs, pilots in command shall ensure that they are aware of and meet airfield operating requirements and, when necessary, have satisfied PPR requirements. PPRs need not be obtained for planned alternate fields or emergency divert airfields.
2. When returning to the United States from abroad, pilots in command shall ensure that they will be able to satisfy U.S. Customs Service clearance requirements at their point of entry airfield
35
Flight Plans
A flight plan appropriate for the intended operation shall be submitted to the local air traffic control facility for all flights of naval aircraft except for the following:
1. Flights of operational necessity
2. Student training flights under the cognizance of CNATRA conducted within authorized training areas. CNATRA shall institute measures to provide adequate flight following service,
36
Night Time Definition
The portion of pilot time during darkness (ie. between the official time of sunset and sunrise (on the surface below the aircraft in flight) regardless of whether visual or instrument conditions exist
37
Drugs
Prescription - approved by flight surgeon and their guidance
Over the counter - prohibited unless approved by flight surgeon
Alcohol - prohibited within 12 hours of brief or flight planning
Tobacco - not good for night vision, dark adaptation, or hypoxia
Caffeine - recommended 450mg maximum intake
Supplements - must be approved by BUMED
38
Dental Care
Procedures using local injectable drugs shall be cause for grounding for a period of 12 hours
39
Position Lights
Shall be displayed during the period 30 minutes before official sunset until 30 minutes after official sunrise or at any time when prevailing visibility as seen from the cockpit is less than 3 statute miles. During these conditions:
1. Immediately before engine start and anytime the engine(s) is running
2. When the aircraft is being towed unless the aircraft is otherwise illuminated
3. When an aircraft is parked and likely to cause a hazard unless the aircraft is otherwise illuminated or marked with obstruction lights
40
Note
Explanatory information about an operating procedure, practice, or condition, etc., that must be emphasized
41
Aircraft Mishap
In case of mishap to an aircraft, the pilot in command is responsible for its safe custody until the aircraft has been taken into custody by proper authority in accordance with the provisions of OPNAVINST 3750.6
42
Severe Weather Watch Bulletin
Pilots shall not file into or through areas for which the Storm prediction Center has issued a WW unless one of the following exceptions apply:
1. Storm development has not progressed as forecast
a. VFR filing is permitted if existing and forecast weather for the planned route permits such flights
b. IFR flight may be permitted if aircraft radar is installed and operative, thus permitting detection and avoidance of isolated thunderstorms
c. IFR flight is permissible in controlled airspace if VMC can be maintained, thus enabling aircraft to detect and avoid isolated thunderstorms
2. Performance characteristics of the aircraft permit an en route flight altitude above existing or developing severe storms
43
Liferafts
Liferafts of sufficient capacity to accommodate passengers and crew shall be provided in all aircraft when there would be a significant risk of water entry in the event of a mishap. OTC may waive this provision during troop movements between sea and shore when they deem it appropriate and adequate SAR resources are available.
44
Local Flight Definition
A flight that remains in the local flying area and terminates at either the same facility or another military facility with which the originating station has direct station-to-station contact
45
Helo operations - Terrain Flight
Terrain flight (low level, contour, nap of the Earth) shall be conducted only as operational necessity dictates, in training scenarios executed within designated training areas, or as published procedures and clearances prescribe.
46
Emergency and humanitarian options
Naval aircraft operations are authorized in emergencies such as forest fire, search, rescue, major calamities, and for humanitarian reasons involving life-threatening circumstances. Notification of the operation shall be made to CNO or CMC, as appropriate, and the responsible local commander, but without delaying action when time is an essential factor.
47
Aircraft Commander Requirement
1. Have completed the requirements for and possess to an advanced degree the knowledge, skill, and capabilities of a second pilot.
2. Have a minimum of 500 total flight hours.
3. Have 150 flight hours in rotary-wing aircraft.
4. have pilot hours in class and model required by the commanding officer or higher authority and demonstrate the proficiency and judgement required to ensure the successful accomplishment of all tasks of the unit mission.
5. Demonstrate ability to command and train the officers and enlisted members of the flight crew.
6. Demonstrate the qualities of leadership required to conduct advanced base or detached unit operations as officer in charge when such duty is required as part of the units mission or method of operation.
48
Instrument Approach and Landing Minimums
Helicopters and tiltrotor required visibility minimum may be reduced to less than 1/4 statute mile or 1200 RVR. Reducing Category A visibility recognizes the unique maneuvering capability of the helicopter and tiltrotor and is based on airspeeds not exceeding 90kts on final approach
49
Helicopter, Tiltrotor, and VSTOL/STOL Landing Areas
Helicopter, tiltrotor, and VSTOL/STOL aircraft are authorized to land at other than airfield locations (such as fields, highways, and parks), provided:
1. A military requirement exists for such a landing
2. Adequate safeguards are taken to permit safe landing and takeoff operations without hazard to people or property.
3. There are no legal objections to landing at such nonairfield sites.
50
Instrument Departure
Standard Instrument Rating: published minimums for the available non-precision approach, but not less than 300ft ceiling and 1 statute mile visibility. When a precision approach compatible with installed and operable aircraft equipment is available, takeoff is authorized provided the weather is at least equal to the precision approach minimums for the landing runway in use, but in case when the weather is less than 200ft ceiling and 1/2 statute visibility
51
May and need not
used only when the application of a procedure is optional
52
Civilian Law Enforcement Officials (LEOs)
Embarkation of civilian LEOs is authorized for helicopters, tiltrotor, and non-ejection seat aircraft. Note: LEO personnel authorized in accordance with this paragraph should comply with the aeromedical and survival training requirements set forth in paragraph 8.4 of this instruction when time and facilities permit.
53
Actual Instrument Approach Definition
When actual instrument conditions are encountered below 1,000 feet above the airport/flight deck elevation during an instrument approach
54
Visual Meteorological Conditions Definition
Meteorological conditions expressed in terms of visibility, cloud distance, and ceiling that are equal to or better than specified minimums. Basic weather conditions prescribed for flight under visual flight rules (VFR)
55
Instrument Rating
Within 6 months = 6 hours, 12 approaches (6/6 precision/nonprecision)
Within 12 months = 12 hours, 18 approaches (12/6 precision/nonprecision)
56
Fuel Requirement - Delays
Any known or expected traffic delays shall be considered time en route when computing fuel reserves. If route or altitude assigned by air traffic control causes or will cause planned fuel reserves to be inadequate, the pilot shall inform ATC of the circumstances, and, in unable to obtain a satisfactory altitude or routing, alter destination accordingly.
57
Purposes for Orientation Flights
a. To familiarize them with the aircraft, its operation, capabilities, requirements, concept of employment, and limitations b. To familiarize them with a base complex from the air for official purposes other than merely sightseeing or goodwill c. To allow FAA personnel to perform official functions that require their infrequent embarkation on naval aircraft d. To perform other military duties not assigned to the flight crew
58
Actual Instrument Conditions Definition
Conditions external to the aircraft in flight that do not permit visual reference to the horizon
59
Flight Route Weather Briefing
1. Primary method for requesting and obtaining flight route weather briefings ashore is online through the FWB system
2. If operating from locations without access to FWB, Naval Aviators may obtain route weather forecast support from NAFC via 1-888-PILOTWX
3. Commercial weather forecasting services may be utilized when the services above are unavailable
60
Crew Resource Management Definition
The use of specifically defined behavioral skills as an integral part of every flight to improve mission effectiveness by minimizing crew preventable errors, maximizing crew coordination, and optimizing risk management
61
Operational Necessity Definition
A mission associated with war or peacetime operations in which the consequences of an action justify accepting the risk of loss of aircraft and crew
62
Immunizations
Shall not participate in flight duties for 12 hours after receiving immunization or injection unless cleared sooner by flight surgeon
63
Helo Operations - Autorotations
Practice autorotations shall be conducted within the limits of the field boundary over a surface upon which a full autorotation can be safely completed and that is readily accessible to crash, rescue, and firefighting equipment. Practice autorotations shall require the specific approval of the tower.
64
Crew Rest
Non duty time before a duty day, watch or flight period begins... shall include 8 hours of uninterrupted sleep for every 24hour period...
Shall not be scheduled for continuous watch, duty, alert, and/or flight duty (required awake) in excess of 18 hours. However, if it becomes operationally necessary to exceed the 18hour rule, 15 hours of continuous off-duty time shall be provided prior to scheduling the member for any duties,
65
Nonessential Flights
The use of aircraft for nonessential flights shall not be authorized. Any flight open to the misinterpretation by the public shall be avoided. Examples of flights that are considered nonessential are as follows:
1. Flights of a routine business nature for which commercial or other military transportation could be more economically substituted.
2. Flights for any officer or group of officers, the sole purpose of which is the convenience and/or prestige of the officers concerned and not the performance of official duties or accomplishment of bona fide training
3. Repeated flights to the hometown area of flight personnel concerned
4. Flights coinciding with major sports events or civic celebrations
66
Shall
used only when application of a procedure is mandatory
67
Passenger Definition
An individual who is not part of the aircrew traveling in an aircraft designed or normally configured for passenger (non-aircrew) carrying capability on a point-to-point flight
68
Approach Criteria for Multipiloted Aircraft
When reported weather is at or below publishing landing minimums for the approach to be conducted, an approach shall not be commenced in multipiloted aircraft unless the aircraft has the capability to proceed to a suitable alternate in the event of a missed approach
69
Minimum Flight Hours
Annual: Pilot time = 100 / Night = 12 / Instrument = 12
SemiAnnual Pilot time = 40 / Night = 6 / Instrument = 6
70
Risk Definition
An expression of possible loss in terms of severity and probability
71
Controlling Custodian Definition
The command exercising the administrative control of assignment, employment, and logistic support of aircraft.
72
No Communication Link
If no communication link exists between the point of departure and the ARTCC/FSS, the pilot may relay the flight plan to an appropriate FSS by commercial telephone. When unable to file in person or by telephone, the flight plan may be filed as soon as possible by radio after takeoff. Flight in controlled airspace in IMC without ATC clearance is prohibited. Filing by radio is not permitted when it will involve unauthorized IMC flight. In any case, the pilot's responsibility is not fulfilled until a completed flight plan and passenger manifest have been deposited with the airport manager or other suitable person.
73
NATOPS Definition
A positive approach toward improving combat readiness and achieving a substantial reduction in the aircraft mishap rate.
74
Embarkation of Passengers 2/3
4. Helicopter and tiltrotor passenger overwater flights at night are authorized subject to the following restrictions:
a. Ship launches and recoveries shall be made during daylight hours. This constraint may be waived by the Strike Group Commander, Amphibious Squadron Commander, Marine Air Ground Task Force Commander (MAGTF), or Officer in Tactical Command (OTC) in cases of operational necessity.
b. In cases of Medical Evacuations (MEDEVAC), a qualified medical attendant who is current in approved water survival training (on-aircrew underwater emergency egress as a minimum training requirement), and has been properly briefed on emergency egress procedures for that aircraft, may be transferred at night with approval from the ship's commanding officer.
c. This does not preclude troop movement in support of amphibious exercises, visit board search and seizure (VBSS) level III operations, or SPECOPS training and operational missions.
75
Final Approach Abnormalities During Radar Approaches
Controller shall issue instructions to execute a missed approach or to climb and maintain a specific altitude and fly a specified course whenever the completion of a safe approach is questionable because one or more of the following conditions exist:
1. Safe limits are exceeded or radical aircraft deviations are observed
2. Position or identification of the aircraft is in doubt
3. Radar contact is lost or a malfunctioning radar is suspected
4. Field conditions, conflicting traffic, or other unsafe conditions observed from the tower prevent approach completion
Execution of missed approach is not mandatory for 1-3 if pilot has runway/lights in sight. Execution of missed approach is mandatory for 4.
76
Helo Operations - ... Helicopter Operations
All aircrew shall remain inside the aircraft cabin during all light regimes unless deemed by the aircraft commander to operationally necessary for safety of flight or mission accomplishment. Any acts conducted for thrill purposes are strictly prohibited.
77
Aeromedical - Antiexposure Suits
Final determination with regard to actual wearing of antiexposure suits shall be made by the commanding officer or officer in charge. The latest available type of continuous wear or quick donning antiexposure sits, as appropriate, shall be provided for flight personnel of naval aircraft when in the event of a mishap there would be a significant risk of water entry and when either of the following two conditions prevail:
a. Water temperature is 50\*F or below
b. The outside air temperature is 32\*F or below (based on wind chill factor corrected temperature)
78
Airfield Operations Outside Published Hours/Closed Control Tower Airfield Operations
1. Commanding officers of airfields are authorized to extend airfield operating hours beyond those published in the Digital Airport/Facility Directory without opening the control tower.
2. naval aircraft are permitted to operate from a closed control tower airfield when both the aircraft reporting custodian (unit commander) and the commanding officer of the airfield have specifically authorized such operations.
3. Naval aircraft are permitted to operate from a closed control tower airfield without the crash crew being present with concurrence of the reporting custodian (unit commander) and the commanding officer of the airfield.
79
Orientation Flights
typically one-time events for selected participants in a particular model aircraft. Orientation flights status shall not be used to circumvent normal training requirements for individuals required to fly multiple flights in naval aircraft
80
Hyperbaric Exposure
Flight personnel shall not fly within 24 hours following scuba diving, compressed air dives or high-pressure chamber evolutions. Participation in flight duties is prohibited for 12 hours following SEBD training
81
Land as soon as practicable Definition
Extended flight is not recommended. The landing site and duration of flight is at the discretion of the pilot in command.
82
Land as soon as possible Definition
Land at the first site at which a safe landing can be made
83
IFR Filing Criteria
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84
Manifest Requirement
The pilot in command of a naval aircraft flight shall ensure that a copy of the manifest is on file with a responsible agency at the point of departure prior to takeoff. The manifest shall include an accurate list of personnel aboard the aircraft, showing names, serial numbers, grade and service if military, duty station, and status aboard the aircraft (passenger or crew)...
Helicopter and tiltrotor pilots engaged in SAR missions, lifting reconnaissance parties, patrols, and outposts during field problems are released from manifest responsibilities when there is no proper agency available with whom a passenger manifest could be deposited.
85
Aerobatic Flight Maneuvers Definition
An intentional maneuver involving an abrupt change in aircraft attitude, intentionally performed spins, or other maneuvers requiring pitch/dive angles greater than 45\*, bank angles greater than 60\*, or accelerations greater than 2Gs. A maneuver that conforms to the model NATOPS manual (e.g. break, weapons delivery, autorotations, etc.) is not considered to be aerobatic flight
86
Anti Collision Lights
Shall be used immediately before engine start and at all times when the aircraft engine(s) is in operation, except when the use of such lights adversely affects ground operations (ie arming, dearming, refueling operations, etc.) They may be turned off during flight through clouds when the rotating light reflects into the cockpit.
87
Reporting Custodian Definition
An organizational unit of the lowest echelon of command accepting responsibility (involving accountability to CNO) for aircraft as designated either by CNO or by the controlling custodian of the aircraft.
88
ORM Process
Identify hazards
Assess hazards
Make risk decisions
Implement Controls Supervise
89
Operational Risk Management Definition
The process of dealing with the risks associated with military operations, which include risk assessment, risk decision making, and implementation of effective risk controls
90
Preflight Planning
Before commencing a flight, the pilot in command shall be familiar with all available information appropriate to the intended operation. Such information should include but is not limited to available weather reports and forecasts, NOTAMs, TFRs, fuel requirements, terminal instrument procedures (to include proper use of non-DoD approaches), alternatives available if the flight cannot be completed as planned, and any anticipated traffic delays. In addition, the pilot in command and mission commander (when there is one designated) shall conduct a risk assessment prior to the flight.
91
Helo operations - Altitude
Flight within Class B, C, or D airspace shall be in accordance with the local Air Operations Manual. Where no other guidance is provided, pilots of helicopters shall not exceed 500ft AGL unless specifically cleared by the tower or other control agency. Pilots shall avoid flying over areas at altitudes where their rotor wash could result in damage to aircraft, property, or personnel.
92
Cross Country Flight planning
Commanding officers must ensure that these flights contribute to the mission of the command and the naval service, achieve training requirements, and can completed safely.
93
Caution
Explanatory information about an operating procedure, practice, or condition, etc., that may result in damage to equipment if not carefully observed or followed.
94
VIP Definition
VIPs are defined as flag officers, DOD officials equal to or senior to flag officers, high-profile public figures, elected members of Congress, etc.
95
Instrument Time Definition
The portion of pilot time in either day or night under actual or simulated instrument conditions:
1. Actual instrument time will be logged by both pilots in a dual/multipiloted aircraft during flight in actual instrument conditions.
2. Simulated instrument time shall be logged only by the pilot actually manipulating the controls.
96
ORM Levels
Time Critical
Deliberate
In-depth
97
CRM Skills
DAMCLAS
Decision Making
Assertiveness
Mission Analysis
Communication
Leadership
Adaptability/Flexibility
Situational Awareness
98
Helo operations - Night Hover Over Water
Night/low visibility hover operations over water shall be conducted using aircraft equipped with operable automatic hover systems (ie coupler/doppler/aircraft flight control system (AFCS) equipment) on all occasions when a natural horizon visible from the cockpit is not available to assist the pilot in establishing/maintaining a stable hover.
99
Cross Country Flight Definition
A flight that either does not remain in the local flying area or remains in the local flying area and terminates at a facility other than an active military facility
100
Closing Flight Plan
It is the responsibility of the pilot in command/formation leader to ensure that the proper agency is notified of flight termination Military: pilot shall either verbally confirm the closing of the flight plan with tower or base operations personnel or delver a copy of he flight plan form to base operations Nonmilitary: pilot shall close the flight plan with flight service through any means of communication available Note: Cancellation of an instrument flight plan does not meet the requirement for closing out the flight plan
101
Hazard Definition
A condition with the potential to cause personal injury or death, property damage, or mission degradation
102
Alternate Airfield
Required when the weather at the destination is forecast to be less than 3,000ft ceiling and 3 statute mile visibility during the period 1 hour before ETA until 1 hour after ETA.
Note: If an alternate airfield is required, it shall have a published approach compatible with installed operable aircraft navigation equipment that can be flown without the use of two-way radio communication whenever either one of the following conditions is met:
1. The destination lacks the above described approach
2. The forecasted weather at the alternate is below 3,000ft ceiling and 3 statute mile visibility during the period 1 hour before ETA until 1 hour after ETA.
103
Submission of Flight Plan
1. Flight has been properly authorized.
2. Adequate flight planning data, including NOTAM service, was available for complete and accurate planning.
3. The flight will be conducted in accordance with governing directives and adherence to criteria for fuel requirements and weather minimums
4. Each pilot in a formation flight has received the required flight route weather briefing
5. The pilot in command/each pilot in a formation flight possesses a valid instrument rating if any portion of the flight is to be conducted under IMC or in positive control areas or positive control route segments
6. Passengers have been properly briefed and manifested
7. Proper weight and balance forms, if applicable, have been filed.
8. The pilot in command acknowledges responsibility for the safe and orderly conduct of the flight.
104
Flight Definition
3. For helicopters, a flight begins when the aircraft lifts from a rest point or commences ground taxi and ends after airborne flight when the rotors are disengaged or the aircraft has been stationary for 5 minutes with rotors engaged Note: Flight time on repetitive evolutions such as field carrier landing practice (FCLP), passenger/cargo stops, and carrier qualifications shall be logged from the tome the aircraft takes off until the aircraft has been on the surface for 5 minutes after each evolution flown (ie. three sorties of 55 minutes actual air time interspersed with two 20 minute ground periods for refueling or passenger/cargo transfer will be logged as 3.0 hours of flight time)
Helicopter Aircraft Commander
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