Coasts - Depositional Landforms

Question 1

swash

Answer 1

waves, driven by prevailing wind, push material up beach at an angle

Question 2

backwash

Answer 2

sediment dragged back by g down the beach at 90º

Question 3

spit

Answer 3

1. spit = narrow accumulation of sand/gravel deposits w/ 1 end attached to the mainland & the other end projecting out into sea (1)
2. sand spits r formed via longshore drift, explain (1)
3. explain swash (1)
4. explain backwash (1)
5. spits form when theres a change in direction on coastline but longshore drift continues (1)
6. sediment is deposited in shallow water as waves lose energy & eventually builds up above sea level (1)
7. spit develops as long as supply of deposits > amount of erosion (1)
8. shape can become hooked or curved at end in response to changes in wind direction (1) in sheltered area behind the spit, deposition occurs = marsh & mudflats can develop (1)
9. e.g. Hurst spit, Hampshire (1)

Question 4

longshore drift

Answer 4

carries sediment along the beach in a zig-zag motion

Question 5

tombolo

Answer 5

1. tombolo = narrow accumulation of sand/gravel deposits w/ 1 end attached to the mainland & the other end attached to 1/2 islands (1)
2. sand spits r formed via longshore drift, explain (1)
3. explain swash (1)
4. explain backwash (1)
5. spits form when theres a change in direction on coastline but longshore drift continues (1)
6. sediment is deposited in shallow water as waves lose energy & eventually builds up above sea level (1)
7. spit develops as long as supply of deposits > amount of erosion (1)
8. e.g. chesil beach, dorset which connects isle of portland to dorset coast (1)

Question 6

bar

Answer 6

1. bar = narrow accumulation of sand/gravel deposits that links two headlands together (1)
2. sand spits r formed via longshore drift, explain (1)
3. explain swash (1)
4. explain backwash (1)
5. spits form when theres a change in direction on coastline but longshore drift continues (1)
6. sediment is deposited in shallow water as waves lose energy & eventually builds up above sea level (1)
7. spit develops as long as supply of deposits > amount of erosion (1)
8. e.g. slapton ley (1)