Name the components of the cognitive hierarchy (bottom to top).
Attention, visual processing, information processing, memory, executive functioning.
Outline the five different types of attention.
Focussed = Focused attention is the ability to selectively attend to a single object, person, or task for an extended period, while filtering out other stimuli.
Sustained = Sustained attention, also known as vigilance, is the ability to maintain focus on a particular sensory input or set of inputs for a long time
Selective = the act of focusing on a particular object for some time while simultaneously ignoring distractions and irrelevant information.
Alternating = Alternating attention is the ability to flexibly switch focus between different tasks or stimuli. It’s about stopping one activity and smoothly shifting to another, rather than performing multiple tasks simultaneously.
Divided = also known as multitasking, refers to the ability to focus on and process multiple tasks or sources of information simultaneously.
Outline the 6 areas of the brain including the four lobes.
Cerebrum (top front of brain) - memory, attention, thought processing, language, consciousness
Frontal lobe - personality, behaviour, emotions
Parietal lobe - ordering, body control, special awareness
Temporal lobe and hippocampus - memory, vision, language (remembering faces, objects and words)
Occipital lobe - vision (determines colour, shape, movement and produced dreams)
Cerebellum - body control and language (balance, posture and attention)
Outline the four different types of training for cognition.
Education - can’t help them without telling them what their deficits are.
Process training - focusing on specific impaired areas of cognition (brainwaves, online brain gym exercises)
Strategy - teaching compensatory approaches.
Functional - using every day activities (activity analysis).
