nutritional secondary hyperPTH is caused by
low Ca- poor diet, no UV, low temp
clinical signs of nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism
- soft mandible
- Small/Weak grip
- Lethargy/Anorexia
- Moribund
- Usually under 1 year of age
- Beardies, iguanas, leopard geckos
from low Ca- poor diet, no UV, low temp
Calcium can go
how to treat nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism
Correct husbandry
- Proper UV light
- If the right time of year, add unfiltered sunlight
- Increase basking temperature
Diet
- increase Ca:P 2:1- dark leafy greens
Meds:
* oral calcium
* fluids
* calcitonin- if Ca back to normal
kidney disease in reptiles are caused by
renal 2nd hyperPTH
gout
clinical signs of renal 2nd hyperPTN
anorexia/lethargic
muscle fasiculations
increased drinking
middle or older
CBC/chem for renal 2nd hyperPTH
↑ phos
↓ calicum
Ca:P less than 2:1
uric acid likely normal
anemia- pale
how to treat renal 2nd hyperPTH
correct dehydration
* fluids
* adjust humidity/bathing
* increase vegis
Decrease phos
* aluminum/mg hydroxide
* IV/IO fluids
* change poor diet
* increase temp= increase GFR
Nutritional support, manage anemia
Cimetidine might help
gout is — depositions in joints, soft tissues and/or organs
uric acid crystals
how to treat gout
NSAID
allopurinol- decreases uric acid production
fluid and nutritional suport
euthanasia
clinical signs of pre-ovulatory follicular stasis
- Digging at cage for hours at a time
- Anorexia but many times not lethargic- low Ca- used up in eggs
- May see twitching of head/legs
- Species specific changes- Bluish marks veiled chameleon
how to treat pre-ovulatory follicular stasis
- Nutritional and fluid support as needed
- Calcium supplementation- Uterine contraction/egg formation
- Provide place to lay
- Improve husbandry
- Warm water soaks
If prolonged anorexia
* Surgery
* Pharyngostomy tube
post ovulatory eggs clinical signs
same as pre-follicular
- Digging at cage for hours at a time
- Anorexia but many times not lethargic
- May see twitching of head/legs- from low Ca
- Species specific changes: Bluish marks veiled chameleon
treatment for bladder stones
surgery
improve hydration
decrease Calcium
shell rot
* poor water quality
* C/S
* systemic antibiotics
* dilute betadine
* dry dock
stomatitis is —
mouth rot
how to treat stomatitis
mouth rot
- dilute betadine
- systemic antibiotics
- correct husbandry
how to treat aural abscesses
otitis media/interna
- poor water quality
- poor diet: low vit A
Treatment:
* Incise tympanum
* Remove abscess & culture
* Systemic antibiotics
* Address water quality & diet
* May need repeat debridement
what can cause aural abscesses
- poor water quality
- poor diet: low vit A
what can cause pneumonia in turtle
Poor water quality
Low POTZ
turtle swimming at tilt
treatment for pneumonia in turtle
- Increase temp a couple of degrees above POTZ →Induces a “fever”
- Address water quality
- Systemic antibiotics
- Follow with radiographs during tx
what can cause pneumonia in snakes
unsanitary environment
low temp
- breathing +/- bubbles
treatment for snakes with pneumonia
- Increase temp a couple of degrees above POTZ→ induces a “fever”
- Address cleanliness of environment
- Systemic antibiotics
- Follow with radiographs during treatment
which parasite control can NOT be used in turtles
ivermectin
