1130 > Communication > Flashcards

Communication Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the definition of communication and relational practice?

A

the sharing of information through words, actions and non verbal cues to help build relationship with patients

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2
Q

what does relational practice encompass ?

A

therapeutic nurse-client relationships and relationship among health care providers

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3
Q

What are the components of linear models of communication?

A

the simplest communication model that consists of sender, message, receiver , channel of communication and context.

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4
Q

What does linear model focuses on and when is it useful?

A

the sending and receiving of messages and is very useful in emergency health situations..

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5
Q

What makes transactional models of communication more complex?

A

it involves interpersonal communication as a reciprocal interaction in which both sender and receiver influences each other’s messages and responses as they talk.

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6
Q

how is communication processed in transactional models of communication

A

input → throughput → output, with feedback loops validating or modifying information.

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7
Q

What is the outcome of transactional models of communication

A

communication that has purpose and generates shared understanding.

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8
Q

How does verbal communication influence relational practices in nursing ?

A

When nurses clearly state expectations, use appropriate tone, and avoid vague or confusing language, the risk of miscommunication is reduced.

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9
Q

What does non-verbal communication include?

A

body language, gestures, facial expressions, and tone of voice

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10
Q

What are the benefits of written communication?

A

Clearly records and transfers critical patient information
Reduces errors
Supports continuity of care
Fosters mutual understanding within teams
Strengthens relational practice

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11
Q

What are the types of written communication?

A

Documentation
Hand-off reports
Standardized communication tools (e.g., checklists, hand-off sheets)

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12
Q

What personal factors can facilitate effective communication in nursing?

A

Attention
respect
gender
age
culture
spiritual beliefs
educational level
past experiences.

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13
Q

what does electronic communication enhance ?

A

enhance communication by allowing real-time access to patient information.

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14
Q

what are the benefits of electronic communication ?

A

Collaborative decision-making
Patient involvement
Improved safety
Person-centered care

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15
Q

What personal barriers within a patient can impede communication?

A

Pain, stress, or cognitive deficits.

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16
Q

What personal barriers within a nurse can impede communication?

A

Preoccupation, assumptions, and defensiveness.

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17
Q

How does self-awareness help nurses communicate effectively?

A

It helps manage biases, countertransference, and maintain authentic, patient-centered interactions.

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18
Q

Which personal traits of a nurse influence communication quality?

A

Personal beliefs, biases and values.

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19
Q

Name environmental factors that can influence communication.

A

Privacy, noise, timing, and personal space

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20
Q

Why is timing important in communication?

A

Communication should consider the person’s physical and emotional readiness.

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21
Q

What is person-centered communication?

A

Communication as a shared partnership that empowers patients, respects their expertise, and addresses their unique experiences, values, and needs.

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22
Q

What are key components of person-centered communication?

A

Active listening, empathy, verbal and nonverbal cues, and collaboration in decision-making.

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23
Q

How does person-centered communication impact patient outcomes?

A

It supports patient engagement, self-management, and better health outcomes.

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24
Q

What are key ways to engage a person effectively in relational practice?

A

Open posture, respectful tone, eye contact, smiles; introduce yourself (name, role) and ask for their name and pronouns; be attentive and free of bias/distractions; use active listening with open-ended questions without judgment.

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25
Why is active listening important when engaging a patient?
It requires full attention, promotes understanding, and fosters a nonjudgmental environment.
26
How can a nurse build rapport with a patient?
Start with routine questions, move from general → specific, ask about health concerns openly, minimize interruptions, practice attentive listening, use culturally sensitive phrasing, provide relevant information.
27
What two factors help build trust in rapport-building?
Competence and genuine interest.
28
What does developing a shared partnership involve?
Treating the person as an equal stakeholder, showing empathy, respecting cultural/social differences, focusing on issues that matter to them, considering competing goals, and exploring solutions together.
29
How can a nurse find common ground with a patient?
Identify fears, feelings, values, and priorities; involve family when appropriate; support informed consent and self-management.
30
Approximately what percentage of communication is nonverbal vs. vocal?
Nonverbal ~55%, vocal ~38%.
31
What are key nonverbal cues to observe?
Posture, gestures, facial expressions, tone, personal space, touch, voice, eye contact, proxemics, appearance.
32
What types of questions can be used in active listening?
Open-ended → focused → closed questions as needed.
32
What is the difference between congruence and incongruence in communication?
Congruence: verbal + nonverbal match → authentic message. Incongruence: verbal ≠ nonverbal → mixed or conflicting signals.
33
Why is questioning important in relational practice?
It encourages expression, clarifies understanding, and builds connection.
34
What characteristics of the therapeutic process influence communication?
Tone of voice, facial expression, word choice, body gestures, feelings about the message, feelings about self/other, culture, timing, previous experiences, and environment.
35
What is the goal of the interactive therapeutic process?
To identify health-related goals collaboratively between clinicians and patients.
35
What does culturally safe communication mean?
Recognizing and respecting each person’s unique cultural, social, and historical background.
36
What aspects go beyond surface-level ideas of culture in culturally safe communication?
Race, gender identity, socioeconomic status, language, and history of colonization and systemic oppression.
37
What does relational practice involve?
Building trust and mutual respect, listening actively and without judgment, and engaging with the person’s full context (emotional, physical, cultural, social).
38
What types of questions support culturally safe communication?
Open, respectful, and non-assumptive questions (e.g., “What’s important to you in your care?”).
39
How should language be used in culturally safe communication?
Use inclusive and affirming language (correct pronouns, avoid stereotypes).
40
What should nurses avoid to prevent “othering”?
Referring to someone by their identity superficially, by room number, or by appearance rather than as a person.
41
Why are power dynamics important in culturally safe care?
Nurses often hold power in the relationship; culturally safe care requires awareness and striving for equal partnerships.
42
Why is self-awareness important in culturally safe communication?
Nurses must reflect on their own values, assumptions, and biases. Understanding one’s position of privilege or disadvantage helps reduce unintentional harm.
43
What are key outcomes of culturally safe communication?
Builds trust with patients and families, improves access to care for marginalized populations, and supports better health outcomes and more equitable care.
44
What is the basic rule regarding confidentiality in nursing?
Maintain confidentiality at all times; only share client information with health professionals directly involved in the client's care.
45
How should information be shared among healthcare professionals?
On a “need-to-know” basis—limit information to what is necessary for client care.
46
Why is confidentiality important in nursing?
It supports ethical principles such as autonomy, beneficence, and trust.
47
When can a nurse share client information with family or others?
Only with the client’s written consent.
48
How does confidentiality respect client autonomy?
By allowing clients control over who has access to their personal health information.
49
Where should nurses avoid discussing client information?
In public areas like hallways, elevators, or other public places.
50
Can nurses share client information on social media?
No, client-related information or photos should never be posted on personal or professional social media platforms.
51
How should client records be protected?
Ensure all written or electronic health records are secure and accessible only to authorized personnel.
52
When is it legally acceptable to share client information without consent?
When legally required, such as mandatory reporting or risk of serious harm.
53
Give examples of mandatory reporting situations.
Child abuse, communicable diseases, or other situations specified by provincial/territorial legislation.
54
What are possible consequences of breaching confidentiality?
Disciplinary action, legal consequences, or loss of licensure.
55
Does confidentiality end when the client is discharged?
No, the duty to protect client information continues after discharge.
56
What are nurses legally and ethically required to protect online?
Personal health information of clients.
57
Can nurses post client information or photos/videos on social media?
No, even if names are not included or faces are not visible.
58
What are the consequences of breaching confidentiality on social media?
Civil, criminal, and regulatory penalties.
59
How should professional standards apply online compared to face-to-face care?
The same standards apply; unprofessional offline behaviors (e.g., verbal abuse, privacy violations) are also unprofessional online.
60
How should nurses manage personal and professional accounts on social media?
Keep accounts separate and avoid blurring lines between professional relationships and personal friendships.
61
Who can take action against inappropriate social media use by nurses?
Regulatory bodies (e.g., provincial nursing colleges).
62
What governs social media use for nurses?
Confidentiality laws, professional codes of ethics, and nursing standards.
63
What knowledge gaps exist among nursing students regarding social media?
Many are unaware of what is considered unprofessional online and may incorrectly believe employers cannot view social media.
64
What privacy settings should nurses use online?
The highest privacy settings.
65
What should nurses avoid posting on social media?
Anything they wouldn’t want seen by patients, coworkers, or regulators.
66
ow should nurses use social media responsibly?
For health education, professional development, and understanding the risks of sharing health information or personal details.
67
Why is documentation considered a legal record?
It provides a permanent record of care and communication, protecting the nurse during audits or court proceedings.
68
How does documentation support continuity of care?
It keeps the healthcare team informed and ensures safe, consistent care.
69
What role does documentation play in safe communication?
Records what was said, to whom, and when → prevents errors in handoffs.
70
How does documentation demonstrate accountability and professionalism?
Shows adherence to standards, policies, and ethics.
71
How is documentation used in quality improvement?
For audits, research, and identifying errors or patterns.
72
How does documentation support collaborative care?
Ensures the healthcare team stays on the same page.
73
How does documentation support informed decision-making?
Tracks patient progress and supports future care planning.
74
How does documentation protect patient safety and rights
Documents consent, confidentiality, and autonomy.
75
What is the purpose of feedback in nursing?
A two-way exchange that clarifies expectations, roles, and messages; supports safe, person-centered care.
76
What are characteristics of effective feedback?
Timely, accurate, usable, verbal + nonverbal, clear, concrete, and jargon-free
77
How does active listening support feedback?
Helps decode messages, ask clarifying questions, summarize, and encourages shared understanding
78
How should nonverbal and verbal feedback align?
Nonverbal cues (tone, posture, expression) must match verbal messages; verbal should be clear, patient-friendly, and confirm understanding.
79
Why is self-awareness important in feedback?
Helps nurses recognize biases, beliefs, and emotions, and maintain a neutral, empathetic, patient-focused approach.
80
What environmental factors support effective feedback?
Quiet, private setting; consider timing, privacy, and personal space.
81
What barriers can affect feedback?
Patient: pain, distress, language, cognitive issues. Nurse: assumptions, distractions, stereotypes.
82
What is person-centered feedback?
Respectful, collaborative, empowering; acknowledges patient as expert in their own life.
83
How does feedback impact nursing practice?
Strengthens therapeutic relationships, improves outcomes, and aligns understanding for collaborative care planning.
84
How is communication related to patient safety?
Effective communication is essential for safe, high-quality care; most healthcare errors stem from poor/missed communication.
85
What are benefits of effective communication?
Reduces errors (medication, surgery, infections), improves patient satisfaction and safety, supports continuity of care, encourages teamwork and shared decision-making.
86
What are risks of poor communication?
Preventable adverse events, missed information, unclear instructions; fatigue and long hours increase risk of error.
87
What strategies support safer communication in healthcare?
Use standardized tools (SBAR, checklists, structured hand-offs), open blame-free reporting culture, person-centered skills (listening, empathy, respect), supportive organizational policies and environments.
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