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Computer Systems Flashcards

(51 cards)

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1
Q

What type of system software is used by programmers to simplify the process of application development?

A

Libraries

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2
Q

What is a webcam: hardware or software?

A

Hardware

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3
Q

Under which category of software is the operating system classed?

A

System software

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4
Q

Under which category of software is a web browser classed?

A

Application software

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5
Q

Define software

A

Programs or instructions executed by a computer

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6
Q

What is the role of system software?

A

To operate, control and maintain the computer and its components.

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7
Q

What is a word processor: hardware or software?

A

Software

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8
Q

Define hardware

A

The physical components of a computer system

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9
Q

Why is an operating system said to provide a virtual machine?

A

The operating system hides the true complexity of the computer from the user.

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10
Q

Under which category of software is a compiler classed?

A

Translators

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11
Q

Which type of programming language is this? 01010101 11010110 01001011 10110110

A

Machine code

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12
Q

Which are processor specific: low-level languages or high-level languages?

A

Low-level languages

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13
Q

Which type of language uses mnemonics in instructions?

A

Assembly language

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14
Q

Which type of languages must be translated into machine code with a compiler or interpreter before execution?

A

High-level languages

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15
Q

Which type of languages support built-in functions?

A

High-level languages

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16
Q

Which type of programming language is this? STR R4, #45 ADD R1, R2, 3 MOV R2, R1 HALT

A

Assembly language

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17
Q

Which type of language specifies how the computer should complete a task, rather than what a computer should do?

A

Imperative high-level language

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18
Q

Are high-level languages platform specific?

A

No

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19
Q

What type of translator can be used to translate assembly language into machine code?

A

Assemblers

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20
Q

Which two types of translator can be used to translate high-level languages into machine code?

A

Compilers, Interpreters

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21
Q

Which type of translator translates high-level languages into machine code line-by-line?

22
Q

Which type of translator translates high-level languages into machine code in one go?

23
Q

Which type of translator requires the source code to be present when the program is executed?

24
Q

Which type of translator has procedures to translate each kind of program instruction?

25
Which type of translator which translates high-level languages into machine code best protects source code?
Compilers
26
What name is given to a collection of connected logic gates?
Logic circuit
27
How many outputs do logic gates have?
1
28
What are the two inputs of an edge-triggered D-type flip-flop?
Data, Clock signal
29
Which logic gate does this truth table represent? 0 0 → 0, 0 1 → 1, 1 0 → 1, 1 1 → 1
OR
30
What mathematical operation does AND perform?
Multiplication
31
What mathematical operation does OR perform?
Addition
32
Which logic gate only outputs FALSE when both inputs are FALSE?
OR
33
Which logic gate is represented by the symbol ⊕?
XOR
34
What is the use of an Edge-triggered D-type flip-flop?
Store the value of a single bit by capturing input on a specific clock edge
35
Which logic gate outputs TRUE when strictly one input is TRUE?
XOR
36
Which two logic gates are used in a half adder?
XOR and AND
37
When is the value stored by an edge-triggered D-type flip-flop set?
When the clock signal changes
38
Simplify the following Boolean expression: B • A + B
B • A
39
What Boolean operation is represented with an overline?
NOT
40
Which has the highest order of precedence: AND, OR or NOT?
NOT
41
Complete the Boolean identity: C • C =
C
42
Which Boolean operation is represented with a dot?
AND
43
Simplify the following Boolean expression: (C + (B + B’)) • D
D
44
Complete the Boolean identity: B • 1 =
B
45
Apply one of De Morgan’s Laws to the following Boolean expression: A’ • B’
(A + B)’
46
Which Boolean operation is represented with a plus?
OR
47
Apply one of De Morgan’s Laws to the following Boolean expression: (A • C)’
A’ + C’
48
Apply a distributive rule to the following Boolean expression: B • (A + C)
B • A + B • C
49
Purpose of a Half Adder circuit
Carries out binary addition on two bits, returning sum and carry
50
Purpose of a Full Adder circuit
Two half adders combined to allow the sum of several binary bits
51
Trace a Half Adder circuit
AB —> XOR —> Sum | | ——> AND —> Carry
Computer Science
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