Computers: Unit 20 : Programming Languages

Question 1

1. What is an instruction set?

Answer 1

The list of all possible comments a particular CPU knows how to carry out.

Question 2

2. What is machine code?

Answer 2

The binary code representing each of the instructions in the instruction set.

Question 3

3. What is translator?

Answer 3

A program that converts source code into machine code.

Question 4

4. What is a source code?

Answer 4

The text of program that the program writes.

Question 5

5. What is an assembler?

Answer 5

Translate the mnemonics of assembly language program into machine language instructions for the microprocessor to carry out.

Question 6

6. What is assembly language?

Answer 6

a low level language written using when a mnemonics.

Question 7

7. What are the two types of programming languages?

Answer 7

• low-level programming language
• high-level programming language

Question 8

8. What is a low-level programming language?

Answer 8

A programming language is closely related to CPU’s machine code.

Question 9

What is a high level language?

Answer 9

• high level language is the use of human language (standard english) to write a programming code that is executed by the computer

Question 10

10. What is mnemonic?

Answer 10

A short simple acronym that represents each of the instructions in a CPU instruction set.

Question 11

11. What is emulator?

Answer 11

Hardware or software that allows one type of computer system to behave like another.

Question 12

12. What is reboot?

Answer 12

To start a device again.

Question 13

12.5 what is object code?

Answer 13

• the translated source code. often this will be machine code, but might also be an intermediate code, which has to be further translated and executed one line at a time.

Question 14

13. What are the 3 reasons for writing programs in assembly language is challenging?

Answer 14

• Very limited range of instructions is available.
• You have to mange all your data.(no strings, integer, etc) you have to decide how to represent your data.
• Debugging is difficult. Any bugs may make the machine crash.

Question 15

How is assembly language used nowadays?

Answer 15

embedded systems
- real-time systems
- operating system development, (where control over the hardware is necessary.)

Question 16

15. What are the 3 types of translators?

Answer 16

• assembler
• compiler
• interpreter

Question 17

16. What are the 2 types of translators used in a high-level programming language? define

Answer 17

• compiler:- a translator that converts high-level language source code into object code, often machine code. The source code is translated all at once and saved to be executed later.
• interpreter:- a translator that converts high-level language source code into object code, often machine code. The source code is translated and executed one line at a time.

Question 18

17. Give 4 comparisons of low-level languages and high-level languages.

Answer 18

• Low-level languages are machine-friendly, very difficult for humans to understand but easy for machines to interpret whereas high- level languages are programmer-friendly, easy to understand, debug.

Question 19

17. Give 7 comparisons of low-level languages and high-level languages.

Answer 19

• LOW LEVEL to HIGH LEVEL
• machine- friendly — programmer friendly.
• Assembler for translation— Compiler/ interpreter for translation.
• Memory efficient.— Consumes more memory not memory efficient.
• Cannot be ported from one device to another — easily portable.
• Little to no abstraction — High level of abstraction.
• Knowledge of hardware is important for writing programs —– Little to no hardware knowledge required.

Question 20

18. What are the 4 examples of high-level programming language?

Answer 20

• Python
• c++/c#
• java
• Visual basic

Question 21

19. What are the 3 types of differences between an interpreter and compiler?