Conception/ Genetics

Question 1

what is TTC

Answer 1

trying to conceive

Question 2

importance of genetics to fertility

Answer 2

• provides tools to determine heredity component of many disease
  -improves ability to predict:
  susceptibility
  onset
  progression
  response
  to tx
• earlier dx
  -ppl who would have previously died in childhood to survive into adulthood

Question 3

genetic testing of in vitro embryos

Answer 3

• testing done after the embryo cells (4-6 cell blastocyte) have fertilized and split in petri dish
• one cell can be tested for genetic diseases
• if (+), they dont use the embryo
• if (-), they use the embryo

Question 4

how much does each in vitro tx usually cost

Answer 4

40k

Question 5

def genomics

Answer 5

• tailoring meds to each pt based on genetics

Question 6

disorders that are more susceptible in certain ethnic groups

Answer 6

tay sachs
thalasemias
PKU
CF

Question 7

nursing role during genetics testing

Answer 7

• collect, report, and record genetics info
• prenatal screening and testing
• offer info and resources
• informed consent
• care/counseling of families who have lost a child to a genetic condition
• collect fam hx
• referral for specialized services

Question 8

a miscarriage in the 1st trimester is usually due to

Answer 8

chromosomal abnormalities

Question 9

chromosomal abnormalities are a major cause of

Answer 9

reproductive loss
congenital problems
gyn disorders

Question 10

abnormalities of chromosome structure

Answer 10

translocation
deletions
inversions

Question 11

def unifactorial chromosomal abnormality

Answer 11

• a single gene controlling a trait, disorder, or defect

Question 12

what kind of chromosomal abnormality is more common: unifactorial or multifactorial

Answer 12

unifactorial

Question 13

what is the most common genetic malfx

Answer 13

multifactorial

Question 14

what birth defects are a result of multifactorial genetic malfx

Answer 14

cleft lip/palate
neural tube defects
congenital heart disease
pyloric stenosis

Question 15

what is the avg age of 1st menses

Answer 15

13 years old

Question 16

why is the avg age of menses decreasing

Answer 16

environment and food

Question 17

what is the avg # of days that women bleed for during their period

Answer 17

5 days

Question 18

what is the usual amt of blood loss during a period

Answer 18

50 cc

Question 19

phases of the ovarian cycle

Answer 19

follicular phase
ovulation
luteal phase

Question 20

what is the job of FSH

Answer 20

causes follicle to grow and be released

Question 21

a maternal egg is only viable for

Answer 21

24 hrs

Question 22

sperm is viable for

Answer 22

up to 72 hrs

Question 23

male sperm

Answer 23

swim faster but die quicker

Question 24

female sperm

Answer 24

swim slower but last longer

Question 25

LH level before ovulation

Answer 25

released/peaks right before ovulation (24 hrs)

Question 26

FSH level before ovulation

Answer 26

incr allows egg to grow and be released

Question 27

FSH level after ovulation

Answer 27

dramatically drops

Question 28

estrogen level before ovulation

Answer 28

rises until ovulation

Question 29

estrogen level following ovulation

Answer 29

- drops if not pregnant--> back to menstual phase | - remains stable/incr if pregnant

Question 30

def corpus luteum

Answer 30

the empty follicle

Question 31

def luteal cyst

Answer 31

an empty follicle fills up with fluid and becomes a cyst

Question 32

what increases the risk of developing luteal cyst?

Answer 32

IUD's

Question 33

phases of the menstrual cycle

Answer 33

menstruation proliferative secretory

Question 34

what occurs during menstruation phase

Answer 34

shedding of the endometrial lining | gradual incr of estrogen and progesterone

Question 35

what occurs during the proliferative phase

Answer 35

- decr in estrogen right before ovulation | - follicles start developing

Question 36

approx what day does ovulation occur

Answer 36

day 14

Question 37

if pregnancy occurs, progesterone will remain high or drop?

Answer 37

remain high

Question 38

def oogenesis

Answer 38

process that produces the female gamete (ovum)

Question 39

how many chromosomes does a gamete contain

Answer 39

23

Question 40

def spermatogenesis

Answer 40

process that produces the male gamete (sperm)

Question 41

how many sperm are there in a single ejac?

Answer 41

200-500 mill