NUR 359: OB > Contraception > Flashcards

Contraception Flashcards

(90 cards)

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1
Q

def contraception

A

intentional prevention of pregnancy

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2
Q

def birth control

A

the device or practice to decr the risk of conceiving

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3
Q

what is family planning

A

the conscious decision on when to conceive or avoid preg

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4
Q

contraception methods should be….

A 
safe
readily avail
economical
acceptable
simple to use
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5
Q

the safety of a contraception method depends on

A

a womans med hx

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6
Q

name the contraception methods

A
  • coitus interruptus
  • FAM ( Fertility awareness method)
  • Barrier Methods
  • Hormonal Methods
  • Eemergency Contraception
  • IUD
  • Sterilization
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7
Q

what is coitus interruptus

A

aka withdrawal

withdrawing before ejaculation

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8
Q

what is the failure rate for coitus interruptus

A

27%

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9
Q

what do FAM’s rely on

A

avoidance of intercourse during fertile periods

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10
Q

FAM’s combine…

A

charting the menstrual cycle with other contraceptive methods

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11
Q

what is the only contraception accepted by the RC Church

A

FAM

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12
Q

name the FAM methods

A 
natural family planning
calendar rhythm method
standard days method
basal body temp method
cervical mucus ovulation detection method
symptothermal method
predictor test for ovulation
two day method
lactation amenorrhea method
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13
Q

what is natural family planning method

A

abstaining from intercourse when the woman knows she is ovulating/fertile

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14
Q

what is the calendar rhythm method

A

when a woman determines the beginning and end of their fertile periods and avoid intercourse in those days

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15
Q

how do you use the calendar rhythm method?

A
  • subtract 18 days from length of the shortest cycle

- subtract 11 days from length of a normal cycle

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16
Q

what is the standard days method

A

couples abstain from sexual intercourse from day 8-19 of womans cycle

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17
Q

what is the basal body temp method

A
  • when woman tracks her bbt daily before getting out of bed
  • ovulation occurs with increase in temp
  • wait until 3 days after temp increases to have sex
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18
Q

what is the cervical mucus ovulation detection method

A
  • when a woman monitors her cervical mucus
  • cervical mucus indicates fertility when it spreads in bx 2 fingers and has a texture of egg whites
  • indicates fertility for 3-4 days
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19
Q

what is the symptothermal method

A

a combo of BBT, cervical mucus, and symptom awareness such as cervical softness, midcycle cramps, and breast sensitivity

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20
Q

t/f- some women use ovulation kits as contraception

A

true

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21
Q

why do some women use ovulation kits for contraception

A
  • lack of health insurance
  • unable to get regular BC
  • keep BC a secret from family
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22
Q

what is the 2 day method

A
  • similar the cervical mucus method
  • if a woman notices changes in secretions either today or yesterday, she would consider herself fertile and should abstain from sex
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23
Q

if relying on the lactation method, what hormone is the main player and how does it work

A
  • prolactin

- it surges and inhibits ovulation

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24
Q

the lactation method is most effective when

A
  • mom is exclusively nursing w/ no supplementation/bottles
  • baby is less than 6 months old
  • feedings > 4 hrs during the day
  • feedings < 6 hrs at night
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25
what is the failure rate for the lactation method if used correctly
2%
26
if a woman gets pregnant while nursing, what will happen and why
- breatsmilk may dry up or decr in amt | - hormones in pregnancy (estrogen) act antagonistically to breastmilk
27
factors that could change a menstrual cycle
``` change in exercise wt loss/gain stress traveling preg ```
28
if a woman is not in monogamous rship, what contraception method is best
barrier method
29
what does antihistamine do to cervical mucus
dries it up
30
what is spinnbarkeit
the length that cervical mucus stretches
31
name the barrier methods
``` spermicides condoms- m/f diaphragm cervical cap contraceptive sponge ```
32
what is the success rate of using condoms
99%
33
what contraceptives must be fitted
diaphragm | cervical cap
34
the diaphragm can stay in for how long
6 hrs before intercourse | 6 hrs after intercourse
35
you cannot leave a diaphragm in longer than
8 hrs
36
why is leaving a diaphragm in for too long a concern
toxic shock syndrome
37
why are diaphragms no longer an ideal form of BC
can be difficult to put in/ take out
38
how long can a cervical cap stay in for?
up to 48 hrs
39
what is the failure rate for the cervical cap
48%
40
a contraceptive sponge provides protection for how long
24 hrs
41
contraceptive sponge contains what
spermicide
42
how do you use a contraceptive sponge
run under water
43
what is the failure rate for contraceptive sponge
20-40%
44
name hormonal BC methods
- COC's | - Progestin only Contraceptives
45
name the COC's
- Oral Cont - transdermal - vaginal ring
46
COC's contain what hormones
progesterone | estrogen
47
how do COC's work
inhibit ovulation, no egg released
48
when woman stops taking COV's how quickly do they become fertile?
almost immediately,but fertility is slightly decreased
49
after a woman stops taking COC's, when do they resume regular periods
within 3-12 months
50
what can happen to a womans cycle after they stop taking a hormonal contr
- may have a new normal menstrual cycle
51
if a woman taking a COC misses one day, what can they do
take 2 pills the next day
52
if a woman taking COC misses 2 days, what should they do
start a new pack and use back up BC such as barrier
53
which women is COC contra-indicated in
- breastfeeding women bc estrogen dries up milk - over 35 and smokes bc they have an incr risk of clots - migrain w/ auras due to incr risk of stroke/TIA - high BP
54
what meds may decr the effectiveness of COC's
some abx | HIV meds
55
COC's and morbidly obese women
-may not be appropriate form of BC or may need a higher dose
56
how does the vaginal ring work?
in for 3 wks, out for 1
57
women with vaginal rings report incr incidences of what?
bacterial vaginosis
58
if a woman has a hx of coag problems, what BC methods would be best for them
depo | barrier
59
name the progestin only contraceptives
minipill injectable (depo) implantable (norplant)
60
the mini pill is ____ effective than COC's
less
61
what is the failure rate among the mini pill
8%
62
women on the mini pill must take the pill when?
at the same time each day
63
women on the mini pill report
midcycle bleeding
64
the benefit of progestin only contr
less side effects
65
why can't women with a hx / fam hx of breast cancer take COC's
- COC's contain estrogen | - estrogen feeds some forms of cancer
66
how often do pts need to get depo shot
q 11-13 wks
67
how is depo administered
IM
68
what long term effects are a/w depo
bone loss
69
emergency contr must be used within what amt of time
72 hrs
70
emergency contr contains what
high dose of estrogen
71
what is an IUD
a small- t shaped device into the uterine cavity
72
what are IUD's comprised of
copper or progestin
73
draw backs of IUD's
no protection against STI/STD's
74
what is the copper IUD called
paraguard
75
what is the progestin IUD called
mirena
76
which IUD is more popular
mirena
77
how often does mirena need to be changed
q 5 yrs
78
how often does paraguard need to be changed
q 10 yrs
79
reported side effects with mirena
h/a ovarian cysts amenorrhea -similar to the mini pill
80
reported side effects w/ paraguard
extra cramping and bleeding for the first year, but goes away
81
a woman cannot have the paraguard if they have what disease
wilsons disease- allergy to copper
82
if a woman is not in a monogamous rship, is IUDa good choice for them
no
83
if you get pregnant with an IUD, it can cause
SAB
84
do we remove the IUD if a woman becomes pregnant
no
85
after removing the IUD, fertility resumes back to normal
within a few months
86
what TOP
termination of pregnancy
87
def abortion
purposeful interruption of preg before 20 wks of gest
88
first trimester abortion methods
- surgical (aspiration) - methotrexate/misoprostol - mifepristone/misoprostol
89
second trimester abortion methods
- dilation and evacuation - prostaglandins - hypertonic and uterotonic agents
90
most common complications of induced abortions
infec retained products of conception excessive vaginal bleeding
NUR 359: OB
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