Condensation polymerisation - polyesters , 54-55

Question 1

What is condensation polymerisation?

Answer 1

Condensation polymerisation is the joining of two monomers with the elimination of a small molecule, such as water or HCl.

Question 2

What is required from the monomers for condensation polymerisation to occur?

Answer 2

• Requires monomers with two different functional groups. - A functional group on one monomer unit bonds to a different functional group on another monomer unit.

Question 3

What are the two common types of polyester made from?

Answer 3

1)- one monomer is a dicarboxylic acid with two -COOH groups. - the other monomer is a diol with two - OH groups. 2)Polyesters made by reacting just one type of monomer unit containing -COOH and -OH groups.

Question 4

Write out the reaction for the formation of a polyester from a dial and a dicarboxylic acid.

Answer 4

Question 5

Write out the reaction for the formation of a polyester from one monomer containing -COOH and -OH groups.

Answer 5

Question 6

Write out the reaction for the formation of Terylene.

• Name the two reactants.

Answer 6

• Ethane-1,2-diol and Benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid

Question 7

During condensation polymerisation what happens between the hydroxyl group and the carboxyl group?

Answer 7

A bond forms between the hydroxyl group and on the diol and a carboxyl group on a dicarboxylic acid.

• An ester linkage forms, and water is eliminated.

Question 8

What are the uses of polyesters?

• What are the good and bad properties of polyesters?

Answer 8

Polyesters are used i making carpets, sports clothing and shirts. In clothing and bedding, polyesters are often blended with cotton.

• Polyester is a strong fibre which is resistant to stretching, shrinking and chemical attack.
• Polyester burns easily, should not be exposed to naked flames.

Question 9

Write out the condensation polymerisation reaction of poly(lactic acid).

Answer 9

Question 10

What are the uses of poly(lactic acid)?

Answer 10

Poly(lactic acid) is biodegradable and there has been much recent interest in its use for food and drink cartons.