Consolidation

Question 1

Ribot’s Law

Answer 1

• law of regression
• temporally graded nature of memory lose
• closer to injury = greater loss

Question 2

Standard consolidation theory

Answer 2

-things occur that transform hippocampal representatinos into representations in other places so that they no longer depend on the hippocampus

Question 3

system consolidation

Answer 3

• process within the standard consolidation theory that transforms a memory trace into a durable representation outside of the MTL
• cortex learns more slowly than hippocampus, but it is also capable of storing conjunctive /associative memories
• replay (reinstatement) allow the cortex to learn the associations
• repeated co-activation leads to cortex binding and forming conjunctive memories

Question 4

system consolidation as an explanation for temporally graded retrograde amnesia

Answer 4

• recent events haven’t had a chance to be consolidated in cortex so MTL damage decreases the chance that the events will be remembered
• remembering depends on the hippocampus until links in the cortex have been consolidated

Question 5

Sleep-dependent hippocampal replay

Answer 5

• rodent ran around a circular track
• place neurons fire in response to where the animal is in space
• can see firing pattern as the mouse moves through space
• compare to activity when the rat is asleep
• similar activity when asleep as when awake
• sleep activity is compressed (Temporally) replay of waking pattern of activity

Question 6

Human studies of consolidation (odor)

Answer 6

• play concentration card game with odor present in room
• sleep in MRI
• present the odor (while asleep)
• more activity in hippocampus when present with odor from learning while the subject was sleeping
• better performance when odor was presented during sleep

Question 7

Human studies of consolidation (sound)

Answer 7

• showed object locations paired with a sound
• tested: shown object, need to indicate location
• nap, play sounds during sleep (corresponding to cued objects)
• test again
• more accurate for cued memory after nap compared to testing before sleep