Construction Technology

Question 1

What are Building Regulations

Answer 1

• Regulations to ensure building works are safe, healthy and high performing
• Approved Documents

Question 2

Major advancements being used in construction

Answer 2

• Modular builds
• LiDAR (Laser based technology - distance and 3D imaging)
• 3D Printing
• VR (Remote site inspections)
• AI (Decision making, identify risks)

Question 3

+/- Off site construction

Answer 3

• Quality control - Components produced in controlled environment
• Speed - Works in factory can happen in tandem to works on site
• Reduced on site work - Less disruption
• Safety - Reduce risk of on site accidents
  CONS
• Transportation costs - Costs associated with transporting large components
• Limited customisation - Less flexibility to make changes once on site
• Site constraints - Large components may be difficult to manouver

Question 4

How did you compare the programme implications of the different options

Answer 4

• Comparing the three options
• Looked at decant
• Lead times (procurement of materials)
• Using steel frame instead of concrete

Question 5

What makes up a built up cladding system

Answer 5

• Interior finish
• Steel frame system
• Insulation
• Vapour barrier
• Air gap
• Fixing system (to attach stone panels to)
• Stone panels

(Rainscreen system)

Question 6

Types of Pile foundations

Answer 6

• A pile is a column that extends deep into ground
• Where bearing capacity of soil is poor
• Two main types of pile
  
  • End bearing piles
  • Friction piles
• Two main construction methods
  
  • Bored piles (Steel cage - Poured)
  • Driven piles (Impact, vibration, pressing)

Question 7

How to build a steel frame

Answer 7

• Prep site
• Base plates on foundation
• Erect steel columns
• Install beams
• Add bracing

Question 8

Brick Blockwork walls

Answer 8

Block
Insulation
Cavity
Brick
(Wall ties)

Question 9

+/- In situ construction

Answer 9

• Customisation - Can adapt on site
• Durability - Works can be tailored to environment
  CONS
• Weather - Can be delayed due to weather
• Quality control - More challenging to maintain consistent quality on site
• Labour intensive - Requires more labour

Question 10

Different roof coverings

Answer 10

Slate - Long life span
Clay tiles - Aesthetics
Asphalt shingles - Popular
Green roof- Environmentally friendly
Bitumen

Question 11

Components of roof

Answer 11

Wall plate - sits above wall which rafts fasten to
Rafters - Angled board rests on wall plate, connects to ridge board
Ridge board - Runs along peak of roof
Joists - Spans roof, wall plate to wall plate

Question 12

Why use lead lined walls in the MRI room

Answer 12

• Material is more dense
• Create barrier to stop radiation passing through
• Maintained by Bristish standards

Question 13

When might modular builds not be suitable

Answer 13

• Refurbishment projects
• Complex projects that do not have repeating layouts

Question 14

When may piles be best used

Answer 14

• Heavy structure
• Areas with settlement issues
• Horizontal forces
• Sub soil water table is high

Question 15

+/- Driven piles

Answer 15

Adv
* Made in advance
* Precast to required specifications
* Fast, neat and clean
Dis
* Requires heavy equipment
* Increased noise and vibration
* Can be costly if piles are not correct size

Question 16

+/- Bored piles

Answer 16

Adv
* Flexible on site
* No risk damage delivery
* Reduce noise / vibration
Dis
* Generates spoils
* Reliant on coordination of multiple trades
* Do not imporve bearing capacity

Question 17

What is a rainscreen system and what are its benefits

Answer 17

Double wall system
Outer layer protects buildings from its elements
Ventilated cavity allows air to cirulate and moisture dry out

• Protection from moisture
• Improved thermal performance
• Aesthetic appeal
• Lightweight

Question 18

What structural solutions and cost advice did you provide the client on hendersons

Answer 18

Basement works

Question 19

What construction solutions did you provide on Otley

Answer 19

• Cladding
• Frame
• Futureproof fit out (Modular furniture - open plan - gender neutral wc (increase NIA)

Question 20

What is MMC

Answer 20

Modern methods of Construction
Alternative to brick mortar build
* Prefab elements (concrete)
* Mod