Contraception

Question 1

Drugs that work to prevent ovulation do what?

Answer 1

• suppress FSH and LH

Question 2

Emergency contraceptive hormone does what?

Answer 2

• delays ovulation

- releases progesterone

Question 3

Methods that work to prevent fertilisation include?

Answer 3

• condoms
• diaphragm
• spermicide
• sterilisation
• IUD

Question 4

Methods to prevent implantation

Answer 4

• hormonal contraceptive
• IUD
• IUS

Question 5

Explain IUS?

Answer 5

• Coils or intrauterine devices with hormones
• small risk of perforation
• prevents fertilisation and implantation

Question 6

When might IUS be contraindicated?

Answer 6

• submucosal fibroids

- uterine malformations

Question 7

IUD works by?

Answer 7

• copper coil
• can last 10yrs
• kills sperm and eggs and prevents implantation

Question 8

What method of contraception is suitable in women with breast cancer and why?

Answer 8

• copper iud

- non-hormonal

Question 9

IUS examples?

Answer 9

• mirena
• levosert
• kyleena
• jayless

Question 10

What criteria is used for contraception?

Answer 10

• UK MEC eligibility criteria

Question 11

Explain the subdermal implant?

Answer 11

• most effect
• safe for most
• releases progesterone
• up to 3 yearsd

Question 12

Potential side effect of subdermal implant?

Answer 12

• unpredictable prolonged PV bleeding

Question 13

4 types of LARC?

Answer 13

• hormone injection
• hormone implant
• IUD (Non hormonal)
• IUS (hormonal)

Question 14

When should you start COCP?

Answer 14

• First 5 days of period

- or any time but use of condoms for 7 days

Question 15

What may affect the COCP affectiveness?

Answer 15

• GI malabsorption
• liver enzyme drugs
• forget to take

Question 16

Risks of COCP?

Answer 16

• Venous thrombosis
• arterial thrombosis
• cancers (breast)

Question 17

Contraindication to COCP?

Answer 17

• Migraine with aura
• BMI > 35
• Age > 40
• smoker

Question 18

Good side effects of COCP?

Answer 18

• Reduction in ovarian and endometrial, bowel cancer
• benefits acne
• PCOS

Question 19

Name a POP?

Answer 19

• desogesterol

Question 20

How do POP work?

Answer 20

• release progesterone

- inhibit ovulation

Question 21

How does depo provera and sayana press work?

Answer 21

• lowers estriadol and supresses FSH

Question 22

When are diaphragms inserted and removed?

Answer 22

• before sex with spermacide

- after 6hrs post intercorse

Question 23

What is the most effective emergency contraceptive?

Answer 23

• copper IUD coil

Question 24

When can the emergency copper coil IUD be used?

Answer 24

• within 5 days of ovulation

- 5 days post sex

Question 25

How does the EllaOne work?

Answer 25

- progesterone receptor blocker - delays ovulation - hormonal contraception needs to wait 5 days to start

Question 26

What is a disadvantage of the EllaOne?

Answer 26

- can't use progesterone contraceptive pills 5 days before or 5 days after - doesn't allow quick start of contraception

Question 27

How does levonelle work?

Answer 27

- big dose of progesterone | - delays ovulation

Question 28

When is levonelle as an emergency contraception licsenced?

Answer 28

- 72hrs (3days) of sexual intercourse

Question 29

What is an advantage of levonelle over ellaone?

Answer 29

- can quickly start contraception | - ellaone you can't start contraception 5 days before or after

Question 30

What may affect emergency contraceptive drugs?

Answer 30

- enzyme inducing drugs | - gi distrubances

Question 31

When would both ellaone and levonelle not be effective?

Answer 31

- both work by delaying LH surge and thus ovulation | - however if ovulation has already occurred they won't be effective

Question 32

Side effects of contraceptive injections?

Answer 32

- irregular bleeding - weight gain - bone density reduction

Question 33

Name a ulipristal acetate drug?

Answer 33

- ellaone | - emergency contraceptive