Pregnancy

Question 1

How common is early bleeding in pregnancy?

Answer 1

• 20% experience

Question 2

Symptoms of a miscarriage?

Answer 2

• period type cramps

- bleeding

Question 3

Investigations for a miscarriage?

Answer 3

• USS

- Speculum (OS open or closed)

Question 4

Types of miscarriage?

Answer 4

• threatened
• inevitable
• incomplete
• complete
• missed

Question 5

Management of a miscarriage?

Answer 5

• conservative
• medical
• manual vacuum aspiration
• surgical

Question 6

What is given prior to miscarriage surgery?

Answer 6

• Anti-D

Question 7

Causes of recurrent miscarriage?

Answer 7

• age
• APS
• Thrombophillia
• uterine abnormality

Question 8

Pathology of molar pregnancy?

Answer 8

• swollen chorionic villi

Question 9

What is a risk associated with complete molar pregnancy?

Answer 9

• transformation to choriocarcinoma

Question 10

What is a chorionic haematoma?

Answer 10

• blood pool between endometrium and embryo

Question 11

Symptoms of ectopic pregnancy?

Answer 11

• pain>bleeding
• dizziness
• collapse
• shoulder pain

Question 12

Management of ectopic pregnancy?

Answer 12

• surgical

- medical - methotrexate

Question 13

Treatment of bacterial vaginosis?

Answer 13

• metrondiazole

Question 14

Treatment of chlamydia?

Answer 14

• erythromycin

- amoxicillin

Question 15

What is hyperemesis gravidarum?

Answer 15

• excessive vomiting in pregnancy

Question 16

Risks associated with hyperemesis gravidarum?

Answer 16

• dehydration

- ketosis

Question 17

Treatment in hyperemesis gravidarum?

Answer 17

• rehydration
• anti-emetic
• TPN
• Steroids in severe cases?

Question 18

Treatment for rhesus negative mothers?

Answer 18

• Anti-D

Question 19

Unplanned pregnancy complications - continuing pregnancy?

Answer 19

• increased preterm birth
• low birthweight
• increased postpartum depression
• reduced breastfeeding rates

Question 20

Clause C for abortion?

Answer 20

• 23+6weeks

- pregnancy continues = greater risk than if terminated

Question 21

Clause E for abortion?

Answer 21

• no gestational limit

- substantial risk if the child was born

Question 22

Certificate A refers to what?

Answer 22

• main certificate for abortion
• 2 doctors assess
• emergency = 1 doctor

Question 23

Medical abortion drugs?

Answer 23

• mifepristone (1st)

- misoprostol (24-48hrs after)

Question 24

Medical abortion timeline?

Answer 24

• <12 weeks = self-administered
• > 12 weeks = repeated misoprostol doses
• up to 21+6weeks

Question 25

Mifepristone drug?

Answer 25

- anti-progesterone

Question 26

Misoprostol drug?

Answer 26

- given 24-48hrs after mifepristone | - prostaglandin

Question 27

Medical abortion time limit?

Answer 27

- 21 + 6

Question 28

Surgical methods of abortion?

Answer 28

- cervical priming via misoprostol or osmotic dilators - electric vacuum - manual vacuum aspiration - dilation and evacuation (>14wks)

Question 29

Complications of abortion?

Answer 29

- haemorrhage - blood transfusion - failed abortion - infection - uterine perforation - cervical traum - anti-d - VTE prophylaxis

Question 30

VTE prophylaxis for high risk women in abortion?

Answer 30

- LMWH